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Part of The Cooper Point Journal Vol. 3, No. 5 (October 24, 1974)

extracted text

ourna

A Slice of Saga

SPUD & ELMA'S

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page 2

Cooper Point Journal

Cooper Point
Journal
:_fhe Evergreen State College

Olympia, Washington

October 24, 1974

Vol. 3 No. 5

Men of Learning page 14
Here at Evergreen, it could be argued, we are riding the crest of the "new
wave" in education . Very few colleges in the country have an academic
framework which places as much reliance on the student, both for designing
courses of study and evaluating one's performance.
For that reason it was particularly surprising that a conference on "A
Child's World - Today and Tomorrow" was held last week at the Tyee
Motor Inn, within twenty minutes'
dri've of Evergreen, and that present
at that conference were two famous
educational innovators : John Holt
and Bruno Bettelheim. Holt is the
author of "How Children Learn" and
" How Children F~il," among other
works, and is an oft-quoted source
of ideas on alternative styles of education. Bettelheim is the author of
numerous books on emotional disorders in children ("The Informed
Heart," "The Empty Fortress," " A
Home for the Heart") and was the
head of a well-known clinic for children in Chicago.
In addition to presentations by
Bettelheim and Holt, the conference featured presentations by persons
versed in the fields of education and child psychology, who discussed with
the participants the world of the child and how adults affect that worl<;l both
intentionally and unintentionally.
Ellen Gordon and Ben Rice (shown in photo) attended the conference and
interviewed both Holt and Bettelheim for the Journal.

HOW SAGA WORKS . ............ .... ...... .... .. ... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ... . . . PAGE 12
SOCIALIST WORKERS REBUFFED .. .... ...... . ... .. ... ·. . ......... . ...... PAGE 13

Departments

PHOTO EDITOR
John Praggastis
PRODUCTION MANAGER
Ingrid Posthumus
ADVERTISING DESIGN
Liz Orred
ASSIST ANT PRODUCTION MANAGER
Mary Hester
BUSINESS MANAGER
John Foster
ADVERTISING MANAGER
Andy Ryan
SECRETARY
Stan Shore

GENERAL STAFF
Gail Blumberg, Carl Cook, Andrew Daly,
Dave Ettinger, Jim Feyk, Kim Goodman,
Ellen Gordon, Matt Groening, Sallie Hancock, Jay Kent, Wendy Kramer, Kameel
Majdali, Don Martin, Ruth Milner, Gary
Peterson, Demian Porter, Ben Rice, Lynn
Robb, Rachel Rousso, Regon Unsoeld,
Jaroslav Vachuda, Len Wallick.
Faculty Adviser : Margaret Gribskov.

The Cooper Point Journal is published
hebdomadally by the Evergreen State College Board of Publications and members
of the Evergreen community . It is funded,
in part, by student services and activities
fees. Views expressed are not necessarily
those of the editorial staff or The Evergreen State College. The Journal news and
business rooms are located on the third
floor of the college Activities bldg. rm .
306. Phone: 866-6213. For advertising
. and business information : 866-q080 .

Commentaries . . ......... . ......... . 16

Times at TESC ... ...... . ............ 5
Letters ...... ........... .. . .. . ... .. .. 6

Sports ........ .. ........ .. . ... . . .. . 21

Campus News . . ...... . .. . .... . ... . . 10

Eu ropean Media . .. . . ... ......... . ... 22

N . W. Culture . ............ . ... . ..... 23

This week's cover photo was taken by John Praggastis and shows a bowl of jello being
lowered onto its shelf at Saga.
October 24, 1974

EDITOR
William P. Hirshman
MANAGING EDITOR
Nicholas H . Allison
NEWS EDITOR
Diane Hucks
SPECIAL EDITOR
Sam Solomon
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Knute Olsson H.G.S. Berger

The Journal is free to all studen~s of
The Evergreen State College and is . distributed on campus without charge . Evergreen students may receive, by mail , subscriptions to the Journal without charge.
For non-Evergreen students, a nine month
subscription may be obtained at the price
of four dollars. For information: 866-6080.
page 3

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The Journal solicits and accepts
letters to the editor on any topic for
this weekly column. If you have
something to say to the Journal or
the Evergreen community, the Letters column is a good place to do it .
There is no limit on the length of
letters. To insure placement, letters
should be sent or delivered to the
Journal office no later than the Friday preceding publication . Letters
received the Monday preceding
publication will be printed if space
permits. Any letter received after
Monday will be held over until the
next week's issue . All letters must
be signed . Unsigned letters will not
be considered . Names will be
withheld upon r~quest if adequate
reason is shown.

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page -l

C P<J tWt Point J<•urna l

Slug Lib
We were wandering past the Recreation
building, going home from a hard day at
the Journal last week, when we noticed an
unusual sign stuck to one of the light
standards with some crudely torn masking tape. The sign proclaimed, "You call
me a damned slug: My race was old
when you were all savages. I am proud to
be a slug! " - John Dalsworthy.
Beneath this' quote was a drawing of a
slug with antennae raised in defiance and
the motto Don' t Tread On Me! signed by
the United Gastropods of Washington.
We immediately wondered if there might
be someone on campus with a slightly
bent sense of humor who was manufacturing a hoax and exploiting species
humor . Putting our research staff on red
alert, we soon found that this was not the
case. We learned that there is indeed a
slug liberation movement on campus, and 1
it is expanding daily.
Upon obtaining a telephone interview
with the hominidal (ed. note: Homo sapiens ) organizer of the movement, a
mysterious entity by the name of Mac,
the hard facts became known. Our first
question was, of course, how was the slug
lib movement originated? Mac quickly replied that he had been walking to his seminar in an unrevealed state of altered consciousness one day when he suddenly realized that he was, if he did not act quickly, about to mortally wound one of the
family of gastropods we know as slugs.
Mac, being a good Buddhist, immediately
contorted his body in such a way that he
avoided maiming the minute pedestrian,
but ~ucceeded instead in causing his own
temporary downfall.
)
In a daze from his sudden interception .
of the ground, Mac noticed that the slug
that had just been saved from an untimely
demise was trying to communicate with
him . Though the slug was difficult to understand due to its excitement caused by
its near brush with death, Mac was eventually able to understand the drift of the
one-sided conversation , and elaborated on
it for us.
The slug, a Mr. and I or Ms. Skug, explained that since it had nea rly been killed
October 24, 1974

by Mac, and in light of the many slug fatali ties recorded within the last few
weeks, Mac should feel obligated to begin
a slug liberation or awareness program .
Mac, a compassionate person, agreed,
and noting that slugs have karma too, he
began the movement.
We inquired as to the extent of membership in the organization. Mac elucidated. There are four other hominids in
the organization, Dennis (lib artist),
Nancy, Jim, and Stacia (general membership). Other members are gastropods, the
gastropods being de facto members. Mac
said that initially, snails and slugs were to
be the driving forces in the movement,
but that since snails are intrinsically conservative and slugs radical, an immediate
schism developed and resulted in a takeover by the slugs.
Asked about future projects of the
movement , Mac, now supported by
Dennis, continued . They announced that
they were going to liberate all gastropods
whether they li ke it or not. Dennis presented us with the movement's creed: illigitimi non carborundum. Loosely trans-

36th & Overhulse
866-1252

lated: don' t let the bastards grind you
down, from General Joseph W. Stillwell.
Dennis also hinted that there is going to
be a Gastropod Liberation Army that will
be demanding unconditional liberation for
all gastropods.
.
A tomb of the Unknown Slug has
been erected behind the Recreation building and will be dedicated Sunday, October 27 at noon, and small white crosses
will be drawn on sidewalks where fatalities have occurred. Ending on a somber
note, Mac also noted that there have been
various atrocities committed against some
individuals of the slug community . An individual in a trench coat was seen enticing
a female (at the time) slug into the underbrush, and there is an anti-slug movement
being promulgated by some persons with
big feet.
We cannot speculate on the outcome of
this noble freedom movement, but we sincerely hope that through increased awareness it will in time succeed for this frequently stepped-on minority.
KG

10 to 6
Mon. thru Sat.

I

page 5

Daily 0
·lashed
To the Editor :
I wish to register strong agreement with
"Journal Commentary," October 10, 1974
(Vol. 3, No.3) concerning the Daily
Olympian's coverage of Vicki Schneider's
death. The Daily Olympian's initial report
of the incident displayed their considerable facility with inaccuracy, irrelevancy,
and distortion . Their fumbling and
sensationalized treatment of a serious and
sensitive situation does injustice to all
persons dir~c"tly involved with the
incident; Evergreen's public image and
credibility are made to suffer as well.
It is very unfortunately evident that the
Daily Olympian is incapable of handling
news of consequence greater than that
harmlessly lame stuff that has long
merited the title "Daily Zero."
page 6

Some relief from the Daily Olympian's
continuing disservice now exist: the
Cooper Point Journal, a Seattle newspaper, or a handy fireplace . The wattage increase planned by KAOS can also be a
source of hope. For the present, I suggest
that the recycling trucks make their
pickups directly from the 4th street office
of the Daily Olympian.
Bob Sundstrom

More on

Expo

To the Editor:
This letter is in direct reply to Gary
Plautz's letter, "Exposing Expo" in the
October 17 issue (Vol. 3 No . 4) .
Needless to say I was very surprised to
see this letter. I'm sure the author of the
letter will be very surprised to see this
too .

I am a student at Evergreen. I worked
for approximately seven months as an
(Expo) Andy Frain Security Guard .
During my employment I was one of the
top ranking guards as a captain, mainly
due to the fact that I had a guard dog .
Now in regards to Mr. Plautz's letter
which I found very disturbing.
To start, one point should be made
clear. No security guards, Andy Frain or
other, · were authorized to carry guns,
sticks, or so ·called mace.
As far as plain-clothed security goes,
when I worked there our plain-clothed
force consisted of a radio operator and a
switch board operator who were both
office bound. As for now, if three plainclothed security were following you, you
should Be honored -because a week before
I left they cut day shift back to three
uniformed guards only .
As far as exposing Expo I have no
complaints . In fact I intend writing a
complete article on that subject .
Thomas E. Breeden
Cooper Point Journal

Happy Trans
To the Editor :
I write this to give credit to the spirit
and wisdom that is responsible for one of
TESC's newer improvements, the "Nature
Trail" .
I am amazed by the consciousness here
at Evergreen that continues being realized
from mere rhetoric into concrete reality.
This sort of progress epitomized and
heralds the coming of many more adaptations of our infant institution towards
what is popularly conceived of as being
modern and enlightened perspectives of
the wonderful world that is ours to enjoy
and have dominion over. Newcomers to
the Evergreen community will find it hard
to believe that such conciences as the
"Nature Trail" were not always with us.
Little do they realize how fortunate they
are to receive the fruits of past labor now
handed to them so matter-of-factly . Think
of the benefit this marvelous construction

achiev~s!

Not only does the colorful sign
immediately communicate where one
stands but also it cues the curiosity,
imagination, and intelligence to be alert
for those sub_tleties of nature that might
otherwise be unnoted. Certainly one of its
more obvious innovations is the use of
gravel to make right the hazards of mud .
No longer will damp icky mud push its
way through peoples toes as they pad
their way through the woods, for in its
stead we now have the familiar and
sturdy massage of sharp gravel against
hard soles. How much more functional it
is . The gravel also carries other
advantages into the forest. H€retofore a
walker through nature had _to put up with
twigs irregularly snapping underfoot and
the crunch of autumn leaves, but thanks
to sterling insight and conscientous
planning we leave these distractions
behind. A foot falls on our new "Nature
Trail" with a reliably measured and
consistently grating sound.
This uniformity is easy on the ear and
mind. It also creates a noise level with
attributes not easily appare:tt to those
unfamiliar with the trail in its previous
and more primitive condition . This
marvelous noise is carried with the
walking and as the ear adjusts to it - the
deeply interwoven and intricate sounds of
dragonflies, birds, bugs, and bees ; the
rustling of wind breezing through
branches while rippling over bushes; and
all the enormous qualities of the silences
in-between are interrupted and
superseded by its character and virtue.
This grey tone also broadcasts human
presence and only the most. reckless of us
will be so clumsy as to stumble upon
members of the forest community
October 24, 1974

unannounced. The frogs and crickets will
stop their chorus upon such well
advertised approach; deer will be long
gone, and grouse will find more
comfortable quarters to drum their mating
calls . All of these and many more will no
longer bother the peace of mind of
TESC's nature walkers.
Perhaps the cause of this consequence
truly carries insight for it can only be
good that we humans clatter a warning as
we approach a clean community as would
a leper ringing a bell.
Yes, there is much to be said and seen
on a "Nature Trail" and we surely got
ours . I hope you will find the time to
appreciate it in all its scope and dignity so
you too might enjoy as have I the nature
around us. And while you do, please
consider the clear virtues of the possibility
of paving that smelly beach that TESC
maintains.
Cyril T.Laurie

Deportation
protest
To the Editor :
The State Department is attempting to
deport seven Vietnamese students for their
outspoken criticism of American involvement in Vietnam and of the Thieu regime .
If these students are sent back to South
Vietnam , they will be imprisoned, and
probably tortured .
While the State Department contends
that they are in no danger, all evidence
points to the contrary. Amnesty International has firsthand knowledge of over
100,000 political prisoners in South Vietnam . They are being held in violation of
the Paris Peace Agreement, which signified the release of all political prisoners-,
including American POWs. While the
Provisional Revolutionary Government
and the Democratic People's Republic of
Vietna\h have released all American
POWs, the Thieu regime refuses to implement the treaty . The Thieu regime is
completely financed by American dollars.
We cannot allow these courageous men
and women to be subjected to the inevitable torture or death that awaits them in
their home country. They only ask that
they be permitted to remain in the U.S.
temporarily, until such time as the Peace
Agreement is implemented and they can
return home safely .
We have written to the following people
concerning this issue:
Joseph Sureck
District Director of INS
3oo N. Los Angeles St.
Los Angeles, CA 90010
William Saxbe
Attorney General
Department of Justice
Washington , D. C. 20536

Leonard. F. Chapman, Jr.
Commissioner of INS
Immigration and
Naturalization Service
Washington, D.C. 20536
Henry Kissinger
Secretary of State
Department of State
Washington, D . C. 20536
Mimeographed copies of this letter are
available at the information center. We
urge that you pick up a letter and mail it
immediately, as government hearings will
be held November 2 and 3 in Los Angeles.
If we don't support each other, the government and big business will continue to
run our lives . With concern for our brothers and sisters,
Kraig Peck
Eva Usadi

Equipment
changes
To the Editor:
This letter is the result of a lot of frustration and, therefore, some policy
changes at the equipment check-out center
in · the Recreation building. Please take
note.
A) Any program or organized group
wishing to borrow outdoor equipment
must reserve it one week in advance.
B) Any such group may borrow 50%
of any amoun.t of equipment we have in
stock. (i.e. you want tents, we- have only
8, you could have 4.)
C)
Group members must reserve,
check out and pay for equipment separately from other group members who are
also attending the same outing. In the
past , a program could check out
quantities of equipment and one person
would reserve and · pick up all the
equipment. This gave that person the
responsibility of making sure all the items
were used properly, returned on time,
cleaned and paid for. This hasn' t worked.
So far this quarter we have had repeated
instances of programs bringing equipment
back late, dirty and with portions of
equipment completely missing. Pho0€y on
this. The new, policy on this is: your
group . may still check out things for
retreats, but you must all do so on your
own and not all at once CIS before. You
should let us know if your group is going
to need large amounts of equipment so we
can reserve whatever possible for you on
a first come, first serve basis.
Second on the agenda is a _new . policy
concerning faculty checking out our stuff.
They should pay rental fees upon
borrowing equipment without the option
of paying on return, which is an option
students still have . The reason is that for
some reason, faculty aren't as conscien•
continued on page 8
page 7

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TME lf\Ot\ (i\Etn~OU5E
·~~ ~ South Sound Center
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Lac~, W~\nP~ton
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tO-C\

continued from page 7

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TWO KINDS OF APPETITES
TWO KINDS OF FRIED CHICKEN

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Evergreen
page 8

Branch

Cab 205

Letters

•

MEMBER
F. D. I. C.

tious as students about following through
with their business here . Faculty generally
return equipment late, which really screws
up my reservation system, and fail to pay
the rental charges, often sending unsuspecting secretaries with late and unpaid
equipment. This consistent irresponsibility
is baffling to say the least. Sometimes I
feel like we run a collection agency and
not a community service. So far staff
people haven' t used our facility much, but
have been good customers when they do.
We would like to thank stud~nts for
their beautiful attitude about this place .
Almost all of you are respectful of our
gear and considerate concerning the policies. The best part of this job is the
people, sharing stories and enthusiasm .
Remember that we appreciate you, the
majority of you keep us shining. Well,
thank you for the chance to gripe and
thank those that deserve it . Again.
Chere Dill and Brenda Schwartz

Campus
camping
To the Editor:
The Security department wishes to
bring to light a rather unpublicized policy
concerning the prohibition of habitating
in unauthorized areas and places. In the
very near future we will start enforcement
of this policy . It is as follows:
'Tn the interest of individual and community health and safety, and to preserve
the campus ecology, The Evergreen State
College expressly prohibits living, sleeping, or otherwise habitating by any person in any place or in any accommodation on the college campus, including its
buildings, except that this prohibition
shall not apply to :
1) the facilities provided for such specific
purpose by the college housing operation;
2) the domicile located on the college's
"organic farm;"
3) the domicile located on the extension
of Indian Rock Road ; and
4) individuals for whom the prohibition is
waived by the Vice President and Provost
or his designee for periods not exceeding
one _week each for bona fide academic
program activities which require habitation other than as provided in 1), 2) and
3) above."
What this means specifically is no more
sleeping or living in the parking lots · and
no more camping on our campus. So, if
you're living in one or more of the places
mentioned, you should be expecting a
visit from Security in the near future.
However, we would appreciate it if you
were to move of your own accord .
Mack Smith
Cooper Point Journal

Announcements
• Native American Studies and Student
Association is sponsoring a program of
speakers for the Evergreen community on
Wednesday, October 30, at 1 p .m . in
Lecture Hall 2. Topics for the program
will be:
Mother Earth, Indian Law,
Spiritualism, Prophecies , and Indian
Women 's Roles , both traditional and
contemporary.
The speakers presenting the Native
American perspective of reality will include Thomas Benyca, spokesman for the
traditional Hopi; Allen Van Every ,
spokesman for · the (Mohawk) Irquoir;
and Janet McCloud, a Tulalip Indian activist.

WHEN IT'S TIME TO:

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TRAVEL SERVICE
INC.

CALL US:

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AGENTS: AIRLINE: SHIP Ill RAIL
711 S. CAPITOL WAY
943-6666

PANTY HOSE ETC ...
10% Discount with Student I. D.
Panty Hose & Knee-Hi - 2/88 cents

• Jazz pianist Chick Corea and his band,
Return To Forever, will appear in the
Evergreen Library lobby Sunday, November 3, with performances at 7 and 10 p .m.
Corea, who is being sponsored by the
Evergreen Gig Commission and KAOS
Benefit Productions, has performed. with
such notable · jazz musicians as Miles
Davis, Herbie Mann, and Stan Getz .

Men's Sox 2/$1.89
Good Selection Jewelry
)ovan Fragrances
203 A 4th M-F 10-4

Having Starting Trouble?

Tickets are available at the door for
four dollars per person or in advance for
$3.50 at the Evergreen Travel Center and
KAOS-FM, both located in the Activities
building. Tickets are also available at
Rainy Day Records, The Pantstop, and
the Music Bar.

NEED ANEW
BAnERY?

~!.:."' $5'~

•The Sasquatch Group of the Sierra
Club will hold its first public meeting of
the year on October 24 in Lecture Hall 5
at 7 :30. Doug Scott, northwest representative for the club, will speak on vital
environmental issues in America and the
importance of citizen participation in environmental decision-making.
• Evergreen seniors will have the opportunity to participate in a series of simulated job interviews covering a variety of
occupational fields in an upcoming series
of Job Information Days scheduled to
begin on November 13.
Each program will consist of a morning
general orientation session open to all
Evergreen students followed by individual
student / employer interviews by appointment in the afternoon, according to Gail
Martin, College Placement Coordinator.
Representatives from government agencies wi_ll visit Evergreen on November 13 ·
The simulated job interviews will be
given on a first come, first served basis.
All seniors who wish to participate in the
Job Information Days should prepare a
job resume and contact Gail Martin in
Library room 1224.
Martin will be conducting a special
workshop on resume writing, open to all
students, on Tuesday, November 5 at 4
p.m . in room 110 of the Activities building

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41 :l South Cherry
paae

0('tnlu•r 24 . 1974

II

~

{/

Campus News
In Brief·
STUDENT PARA-PROFESSIONALS
STAGE WALKOUT
A dispute between the 11 studenf paraprofessional counselors and their employers in Student Development Programs has
resulted in the walkout of the entire student staff.
The walkout took place on Wednesday,
October 23, and will continue until two
"minimal working conditions" are met,
according to student Cathy Bumstead.

which to deal effectively with persons
needing their services were satisfactorily
resolved. However, the dispute over financial allocations could not be settled.
The st,udents feel that the changes they
. advocate are essential in pmviding the
most efficient services to the Evergreen
community and say that their principle
concerns not only include improvement of
working conditions in Student Development Programs but also an increased college awareness of the potentials for the
exploitation of its student empioyees, said
Bumstead.

STUDENTS TO CRITIQUE S&A BOARD

Cathy Bumstead, one of the students involved in the walkout at Student Development Programs.
In an October 22 memo to Dean Clabaugh, administrative vice-president for
business, the students listed these conditions as the allocation of $2,200 specifically for para-professional counselors to
attend counseling-related conferences and
the option to work and be paid for 19.5
hours per week. The students are currently paid for 15 hours per week, but are
dissatisfied because of the many additional hours they are required to work without compensation .
The walkou t took place after a week of
negotiations with Lou-Ellen Peffer, Directo< of Counseling Services, and Larry
Stenberg, dean of Student Development
Programs, solved some, but failed to fully
resolve all of, the students' complaints .
Complaints over lack of specific training in crisis intervention and interviewing
techni qu es , and insufficient s pace in
page 10

Last Friday some 30 students began
meetings to critique the guidelines for decision making of the Services and Activities (S&A) Fees Review Board. These
noon to 1 p .m . sessions, which will run
through the rest of this week in Activities
building room 110, are in response to the
inadequacies in the funding process that
resulted in the denial of money to proposals submitted by three Third World
groups at the October 15 meeting of the
S&A Board. The two S&A members present at that meeting allocated approximately $11 ,000 to five groups, but voted
to table the requests of the Thrid World
Bicentennial Forum, the Duck House, and
the African Dance Company.
The October 15 meeting was hastily
called to consider the proposal to
purchase $3,883 worth of video equipment that had to be bought that Friday.
Proper notification of the meeting was not
given and only two b oard members were
present. According to the S&A guidelines
only one member is needed to constitute a
quorum . Other proposals were also presented and funded , but the last three were
tabled, because, according to the board,
an accurate accounting of S&A money
was not available and they were not sure
if tb_ey had enough to fu_nd them.
Representatives of the groups that were
denied funding aired their complaints last
Thursday at the College Activites Fund
DTF, which has been charged, among
other things, to review the guidelines of
the S&A Board . In the course of the DTF
hearing it became . clear that the S&A
Board had not followed its own guidelines
at the October 15 meeting . Director of
Auxiliary Services John Moss later
exercised his veto power over the board

invalidating all the other allocations made
on Tuesday . Moss based his veto on the
fact that proper notification of the meeting have not been given .
According to Sharon Brogan, interim
executive secretary for S&A , the
October 15 meeting was the last for the
present S&A Board members' and all
groups must now wait to resubmit their
proposals until a new board is' selected.
However, the selection process itself came
under fire when it was discovered that
there is no affirmative action policy in the
guidelines and non-white students might
not be fairly represented. The selection
process for the new board, which was
nearly done last Friday, October 18, was
reopened and non-white students, as well
as other interested students, were encouraged to sign up by Tuesday. The
selection was to be made yesterday.
Erskine White, a spokesman for the
Third World Bicentennial Forum, stated,
"It is regretable that the funds for these
other groups were cut. It was not our intention to to cause students to fight
among themselves, or to bring this to an
administrative decision. I believe we can
figure out some kind of solution that will
benefit students. "
Several students who were present at
Thursday's DTF meeting decided to meet
last Friday to discuss problems with the
S&A funding procedure such as the size
and composition of the board, the review
process, the selection of the board, the
number which constitutes a quorum, and
the amount of money that is available to
students. They plan to take their list of
recommendations for changes in the
guidelines to the new board and the
College Funding DTF.
Thomas Ybarra, executive secretary for
the Non-white coalition, opened the
meeting on Friday by emphasizing the
concern of Third World peoples in the allocation process.
He pointed out that there were no nonwhite students present at the meeting
when the denial of funds was made, and
the groups that were not funded were
Thi rd World groups . He stressed the need
for students to work together. The main
obstacle according to Ybarra is that students do not have enough money in the
S&A discretionary fund to fill the needs
of all student groups and activities, nor
do students have ultimate control over the
money that is available. "The result is
that students are pitted against each other
in the funding process, when it is the
processs they should be changing." He
ended by mentioning that the new
proposal to turn over the entire $350,000
of Serv ice and Activities money could
compound problems unless students
organize themselves now to deal with
those responsibilities.
The critiquing sessions will continue
today and Friday at noon in CAB rm.
110< Greg Falxa, one of the students
involved in these meetings, saw the critiques as an important development of the
Cooper Point journal

S&A incident. "Hopefully this is the start
of a trend where students will look at all
the operations of this school critically and
confront problems as we identify them.
· But critique alone is not enough. We have
to get together to implement the solutions
which develop from our critique ."

DTF ON WORKING CLIMATE
CONTINUES
Last July 9 President McCann charged
this DTF to seek out the sources of erosion in Evergreen 's working climate.
"Assume they are potentially resolvable
and deal with them openly, " McCann told
the DTF .
Much of Evergreen's staff has been
plagued by a high rate of turnover affecting both the staff and the students. Lack
of recognition, overwork, "hovering" .supervisors, overdemanding faculty, and inconsiderate students are common com·
plaints. With Evergreen's unconventional
approach focused mainly on the faculty
and students, some staff are wondering
when it will begin to apply to them.
Early in the DTF Marsh requested position papers from the members examining
the conditions of their own working climate . The suggestions have been varied:
- exit interviews, the direction and
duration of which would be determined
by the terminating employee .
- concise job descriptions and expectations.
- evaluations of supervisors.
- revising differential fringe benefits
(classified staff receive one day per month
of sick leave while exempt staff, which includes the faculty, receive 4 mo. of sick
leave per year).
- arranging into work teams much like
faculty in coordinated studies . The super~isor' s responsibility would be to see that
the team understood what their jobs consisted of and to set · general standards,
while the team w~uld divide the work
among themselves and see that it was
done .
One of the ·recurring problems within
the DTF itself is how to handle some employees' fears of retribution from supervisors if they voice complaints. Another
problem is finding practical solutions to
improve the working climate that are applicable to the many facets of the working
community- administrators, faculty,
secretaries, maintenance, custodians, and
classified staff, each of which at present
has differing latitudes of freedom in planning and carrying out their own work .
On October 16 McCann, Administra. tive Vice President Dean Clabaugh, and
Paul Marsh spoke at Evergreen's first
"Welcome Back the Staff" meeting.
McCann, who had read the files of the
Working Climate DTF, told the audience
that he understood the skepticism as to
what the DTF could accomplish but that
their work so far was "right on target."
McCann said he felt bothered by the fear
October 24, 1974

people had about expressing themselves
about their working conditions . He went
on to say staff evaluation of superiors
would be .a "very fruitful way of loosening th.ings up" and encouraged the DTF to
examine how more consultation between
supervisors and workers could be utilized.
Dean Clabaugh assured the audience
that the DTF will "receive attention and
action ." However he hoped the scope of
the DTF's final report would contain
"positive recommendations rather than
private gripes. "
Paul Marsh related that the DTF members saw themselves as a positive force
and urged the staff to go back to their
sections and discuss the meeting and
meaning of the DTF, obtain constructive
suggestions as to how to improve the
working climate, and report back to the
DTF or talk to him personally. Marsh
stressed that the DTF would not be able
to accomplish two things:
1) deal with complaints such as "he
chases me around the desk or he grumbles
at me in the morning - problems people
have to take care of themselves; " or
2} change the weather.
The Working Climate DTF meets
Wednesdays at 1:30 In Library bldg. mi.
3112 and is seeking · community input.
Send written suggestions or complaints to
Paul Marsh, Library bldg . rm. 2216 .
AFRICAN, DANCE AT EVERGREEN
The National Dance Company of Senegal, one of three . major dance ensembles
in Africa, will appear at The Evergreen
State College October 28 at 7:30p.m. in
the 2nd floor library foyer. Olympia has
been included in their fourth tour of
North America .
The troupe was formed 14 years ago
and began their first international tour in
1961. Their first U. S. tour was in 1971
when they performed at the Brooklyn
Academy of Music in New York, at the
Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. and
other cities throughout the country as
part of the first Afro-Asian Festival. They
returned to the U. S. in 1972 as part of the
Festival of the Third World, a long term
plan to present to North America outstanding companies from all continents .
Invitations from independent theaters
have since flooded the troupe.
Highly acclaimed by such papers as the ·
· New York Times, the troupe of 41 dancers, musicians and singers present authentic dance forms of the West African nation of Senegal. Moslem and French colonial influences are also reflected in their
art.
The ritualistic dances are perform~d to
drums made of gourds and hollow logs
stretched with hide. The "La Cora," an
intricate stringed instrument, and the balafon, a xylophone-like instrument of
wood, are used during the musical interludes. The dance forms of Africa, involving the entire body, concentrate on cui-

tural dances of the harvest, work, and religion . Included in the performance are
the Peuhl <;~crobats , the haystack dance,
and a dance on stilts.
YBARRA RESIGNS
Thomas Ybarra, executive secretary of
the Non-white Coalition, has resigned
effective October 31.
When ask~d about his resignation, he
declined to comment, saying that he had
informed the Third World community of
his reasons, but because he was working
for the Coalition, he did not feel he was
responsible to the rest of the com~unity
for information.
Ybarra is an Evergreen graduate and
has worked as executive secretary for the
Coalition since the beginning of 1974. He
will be taking a new job as the Chicano
specialist for the Washington State Board
for Community College Education .
CURRICULUM AND THE
EVERGREEN STUDENT
Although the 1974-75 academic year
has only just begun, planning is already
underway for next year's curriculum, as
faculty members draw up possible program ideas for the coming academic year.
But a more rudimentary kind of planning
is underway among a number of the student population - planning for the planning.
"It's not only the responsibility o( the
deans to decide and the faculty to design
the curriculum, but also that of the students," said Geoff Rothwell, organizer of
a series of workshops dealing with student
input into the academic planning process.
"In the past three years a recurring pattern has formed about curriculum: the
deans decide, the faculty design, and the
students desire."
The first meeting was held yesterday,
Wednesday, October 23.
Student input into curriculum planning
is not a new issue at Evergreen. Rudy
Martin, the academic dean in charge of
curriculum planning, has often been confronted with the subject.
"Spontaneous generation is nice, but
doesn't create a good curriculum .. ," said
Martin, commenting last spring on students being involved in the planning process . '~My view is simply that it is the responsibility of the faculty to develop curriculum." .
In the past the main source of student
input has been by means of a written survey conducted by the deans in the fall. A
Disappearing Task Force called last year
to review the process of curriculum plan"
ning recommended little more than the
survey for procuring student ideas on
what"Should be taught at Evergreen.
In any event, student involvement or
continued on page 19
page 11

; r

Eating In ·at Evergreen
How Saga Works
BY WENDY KRAMER

"Three college students, in 1948 ,
founded Saga. They began with an objective of building a better way of food
service management. Guided by enthusiasm and a humanistic approach to business, they anticipated the future needs of
the college and university campuses and
built what is today the world's leader in
educational food service ."
With these words, Saga opens its public
relations booklet, an eight page introduction to their approach to food service
management.
Saga Corporation is concerned primarily with food . They deal in five specific
areas of sale covering every conceivable
institution : restaurants, educational institutions, hospitals, business and industry,
and a pizza chain . Besides serving other
colleges in the state, Saga has recently
added the concessions on the Washington
ferries to their list of accomplishments.
When Evergreen was first forming in
1971, it was determined to be less expensive to contract a food service than to
have the college run it. Therefore, a bid
was sent out in hopes of getting the best
service at the lowest cost. The need was
based on the projected size of the college
from that time through the future .
ARA Slater (the food division of the
Slater Corporation) gave the lowest bid,
and was contracted to begin service in the
fall of 1971. They commenced operations
from the fourth floor of the Library building. Their services involved a fast food
plan, a board plan , and vending machines .
A change came in fall 1972, when
Slater moved to the first floor of the Activities building, where they stayed until
fall 1973 . In February 1973, based on a
mutual agreement between Slater and Evergreen, the Board of Trustees termina'ted
the contract, and left the college thirty
days to find a suitable replacement.
Why Slater Failed
The reasons for Slater's failure were
manifold. One cause was that the original
bid given to the college was too low,
based as it was on a rapid growth rate for
Evergreen which didn't materialize. Other
reasons involved lingering resentment by
some towards the less than excellent service Slater had provided to the college
when they were situated in the Library
build:ng.
Left without a food service, Evergreen
looked to the next lowest bidder from the
page 12

5 aga 's two cash registers sit idle after ·a busy day .
original inquiry , and came up with Saga .
Saga agreed to take over the balance of
the Slater contract and commenced operations. On July 1, 1973, Saga and Evergreen entered into a direct contract, a"fter
serving the rest of the old contract .
Some of the terms of the contract between Saga and Evergreen seem to weigh
heavily in Saga's favor, as Saga is a profit-making enterprise. Evergreen covers the
costs of many services Saga needs, including maintenance and repair of parts and
supplies, waxing and buffing of floors ,
providing pots, pans, dishes, and silverware, sharing the cost of replacing serviceware lost, removal of trash and garbage, and furniture such as desks, tables,
chairs, and cash registers .
Another agreement in the contract is
that during the academic year, as long as
there are at least one hundred students o n
the board plan, Saga will take all the
profits and all the losses. However, during the summer, when a board plan is not
economical, Saga receives a repayment
from the college that covers the money
spent on things such as food , labor, pay- .
roll taxes, suppl ies, and so on. In addition
to these costs, Saga tacks on ten percent
and receives a lump sum from the college . .
Student Funds Allocations
For -the fiscal year 1971-1972, the total
funds in the Services and Activities
(S&A) budget ·was $45,523. Of that,

,r

nearly half. or $21,513, went to Saga :
$16,513 for Food Services operating costs
and $5,000 as an Interfund loan .
This money was transferred from S&A
fees , which come from student tuition , to
the Food Service and Housing Fund where
it ~as then portioned out to Saga as a
subsidy.
In the fiscal year 1972-1973, $18,403
was given as a subsidy to Saga. This
figure was a combination of the previous
year's loss - $1,890 - along with the
same operating total as the year before,
$16,513.
The total monetary transfer given to
the Food Services fund for 1972-1973 was
$23,403. This was the sum of the previous
year's money ($16,513 operating cost and
$5,000 loan ) plus the loss suffered in that
same year ($1,890).
In all of these years , the college has suffered losses. For' 1971-1972, losses totaled
$35,942. The losses for 1972-1973 were
$12,687. Last year, losses were down to
only $1,165. Saga did not receive a subsidy for the fiscal period 1973-1974. However, the debt for the lnterfund loan given
to them in the 1971-1972 year was cancelled by the Board of Trustees, leaving
Saga free of debts.
For the first time since Saga bega n serving at Evergreen, it turned a nine perc;ent
profit last year. Its total revenue for last
yea r was a little under 210 thousand dollars .
Cooper Point Journal

No Losses Suffered
What this means is that Saga has not
suffered any direct losses: The college has
subsidized Saga services in the past, and
has itself absorbed the losses incurred
when the projected revenue figures came
out too high . So far, Saga has received
student funds totalling approximately
$45,000 .
J 1975 · At
gaga's contract expires in une
that time, Evergreen will re-evaluate the
type of service that is offered to the col-

lege to determine if Saga still provides the
best food service available . Input from all
parts of the college will be accepted before the final decision is made.
.
According to John Moss, director of
Auxiliary Services, no problem with the
renewal of Saga's contract is expected. If
Saga were to lose its contract here,
though , their .corporation has. come far
enough from its humble begmnmgs of
Hobart Co llege in New York m 1948 to
continue offering their food ·services to
many other clients .
The public relations booklet sums up

Socialist Workers
BY DAVE ETTING·ER
" Disclosure may inconvenience the
Democratic and Republican parties, but it
won't expose their contributors to a go':ernment-inspired plan to destroy thetr
party," declared Socialist Workers Party
(SWP) U.S.Senate candidate Clare Fraenzl
last week before the Washington State
Public Disclosure Commission. Fraenzl
was testifying, in support of her party's
request for a hardship exemption to the
campaign reporting provisions ~f t~e
Public Disclosure Act. The SWP failed m
over seven hours of testimony to gain
such an exemption and will now argue its
case in either state or federal court.
While the Commission was not convinced that the SWP was entitled to an
exemption from the law's requirement
that the names, addreses, and amount
given by all contributors donating over
five dollars be made public, it did agree
even before the first witness was called
that the Party had been subject to
harassment by the FBI and the Seattle Police Department (SPD).
.
In a surprising show of candor and m
response to a mass of docum ~ nta~y
evidence - including 43 sworn afftdavtts
from Washington State residents detailing
harassment of SWP members and
supporters - the State Attorney General's
Office submitted a list of proven facts
which could be agreen to by the SWP
and the Public Disclosure Commission
before oral testimony began.
Included in the affidavits were the facts
that persons associated with the Socialist
Workers Party had been subjected to surveillance by the FBI and Seattle Police ;
that their employers, co-workers, neighbors, landlords, roommates, relatives, and .
friends had been questioned by the FBI
and SPD ; that such surveillance had
caused persons associated with the SWP
to lose their jobs ; and that some people
will not contribute to the SWP political
campaigns because their names, addresses,
and the amount of their contribution will
become public . Both the Public Disclosure
Commission and the SWP agreed that
these were facts.
The Federal Government was given
October 24, 1974

ample opportunity to dispute these facts
as three agents of the FBI and one
Defense Department investigator were
subpoenaed to testify before the Commision by the Socialist Workers Party. As
the first of these witnesses was about to
be called, however, Assistant U.S.
District Attorney Irwin H. Schwartz
stepped forward to inform the Commision
that no Justice Department employee
could testify about his official activities
without prior per mi ssio n from the
U.S .AUorney General. Mr. Schwartz explained that such permission had been requested, but unfortunately there had not
yet been a reply from Washington. Under
these conditions the four federal agents
were excused from testifying.
Fortunately for the SWP , the two
Seattle police officers which it subpoenaed
did not fall under the shield of federal
protection. The first to testily was
Sergeant Archie Porter, who headed the
SPD Intelligence Section from 1968-1972 .
He acknowledged that the ·SWP was
under investigation from 1968-1970, but
maintained that the sole purpose of this
investigation, which included the use of
an informant within the Party, was to
discover the SWP's philosophy.
Commission member Virginia Gregson
was vis'!bly alarmed by this teshmony and
inquired as to whether the Seattle Police
approved of the philosophy of her Democratic party and whether her activity in
that party might subject her to a police
investigation . In attempting to reassure
her, Sergeant Porter explained that he too
was a member of the Democratic Party,
but "that doesn' t mean that the Seattle
Police Department says, 'hey, Republicans
are all bad or Democrats are all good' but that's my personal belief. "
The second witness from the SPD was
Major Ray Connery, Commander of the
lnspectional Services Division. Major
Connery assured the Commission that the
Socialist Workers Party is not presently
under investiga tion. He repeatedly refused, however, to confirm or deny that
the SPD continued to maintain files on
the Party and its members. In explaining
the earlier investigation of the SWP,
Connery recalled that "at the time the in-

their position this way . 'The term humanism is hot a hollow word at Saga. To us
it means doing good thin~s for our fell?wman; caring, being flextble, respondmg,
and establishing equitable business relationships . Good business relationships are
built upon the threads of people-to-people
relationships. That is at the core of Saga's
business philosophy. It is the reason we
place all our energies into developing and
maintaining a humanistic approach to college and university food service management. "

rebuffed
formation was being gathered we were
having virtually daily disturbances of one
sort or another, some of which could be
called riots and others of which were
simply free speech ."
During the remainder of the hearing the
Commission heard testimony confirming
the harassment of the SWP .and
attemp ting to link that harassment to the
disclosure of campaign contributors .
There was also testimony that various
past contributors to the Socialist Workers
campaign were not refusing to contribute
because they ·feared gtlliernment harassment due to the public disclpsure of their
names . Finally, the Party assured the
Commission that its request for a
one-year exemption was based solely on
the fact of government harassment and
that should this harassment end they
would be willing to comply fully with the
Public Disclosure Act.
Under the provisions of the Act, the
Public Disclosure Commission must weigh
the hardship caused by the Act against
the public's right to know which the Act
seeks to protect. In moving .to deny the
exe mption requested by the SWP,
Commissioner Dr . Werner Quast recalled
that he had personally experienced repression and harassment in Hitler's Germany. He said, however, that to allow
the SWP to operate in secret would provide a justification to vigilantes who
would attack the Party. While demanding
a full public disclosure by the SWP, he
expressed hope "that the people of the
State of Washington, a state which has
the history of the Wobblies, which at
times was called the Soviet Socialist Republic of the State of Washington, that
the people of the State of Washington
who were the ones who first in the nation
created such a public disclosure law to
prevent the occurrences which big money,
big power, and clusters of power qring to
our social system, that these same people
will have renewed tolerance and will
accept the Socialist Workers Party and its
candidates on . an equal basis with the
1~ajor parties ." Dr . Quast's motion passed
by a vote of three to one with one member absent.
page 13
/I

'

I
..

Education: Two Views

,

:

·~

. ,,;, BY BEN RICE AND ELLEN GORDON

l·

I

<.~w: The three-day conference on "A Child's
·; ·· w orld- Today and Tomorrow " held at
' the Tyee Motor Inn October 20, 21, and .
'1 "-"22 consisted of presentations, workshops,
1
" /•and lectures on education and parentage
••ti in the modern world. The conference was
ln;sponsored by the Washington Association
rb for Social Welfare and the Washington
•jChild Caring Institute.
.-;; Featured at the conference were Bruno
···Bettelheim, a noted authority on child
psychology, and John Holt , author and
l educator in the field of child development.
'''Evergreen facu lty members Wini Ingram
-••and Carol Spence were also participants .
...,~.· Bettelheim addressed the conference on
the topics of "Changing Roles of Children
l'"in the Family, " and "Treatment of the
Emotionally Disturbed Child. " At his clin. ics in Chicago and San Francisco he has
' ·had successes in treating autistic children,
· · and is considered an authority on the subif;.-ject. An interview with Dr. Bettelheim
,•l follows.

·'Journal: How can parents and educators
train themselves to listen to what children
are really saying and not project personal
"·values?
·J"Bettelheim: It seems very simple to me,
~ you just listen.
•·Journal : But people grow up in a society
where they are trained not to listen.
" Bettelheim: I don't think anyone trains
you not to listen. Nobody has ever told
·· you not to listen to children . You project
; a great deal on society that has nothing to
•do with society. It's your decision what
ryou want to do. Nobody tells the teacher
•not to listen to the child.
·
Journal: Then how does the teacher get
r- ~hat idea?
•:Bettelheim: In general, people just don't
·dis ten. They are so wrapped up in what
they want that they pay no attention to
-vyvhat other people want. For example,
?.l¥ou said you want to interview me. You
<!.didn't ask me how I feel about it. You
-just said you want to interview me . That's
•• just a small example.
-1Journal : Do you think schools such as
'l6ummerhill and Evergreen, where more of
the responsibility for learning is placed on
i the student, are a -positive reaction to the
~. problems you see in traditional education?
lBettelheim: Summerhill has very definite
·,-!structures . There are many things that
t ·kids cannot do at Summerhill. They are
" not forced to learn, but there are many
· ·things they cannot do .
' Journal : Do you think that kind of school
is a good reactiol}_ to the problems within
· traditional education?
page 14

Bettelheim : No. They are just a reaction .
To just go in the opposi te direction is no
solution. Just because you don ' t like
something, to do the opposite doesn' t
mean that, the opposite is any better.
Journal: What do you think is a viable alternative?
Bettelheim: First you have to define what
you want to gain out of school: Summerhill was an institution for kids who couldn't make it in soci~ty and were seriously

Bruno Bettelheim
disturbed . It was planned to remedy a
particular disturbance . And something
that was meant for a particular disturbance was in America assumed to be good
for healthy people, when in reality it
wasn't. So if you want to talk about the
educational system you have to talk
about what your goal is . It seems that
Evergreen was in part created to meet the
momentary needs of students who want a
certain thing. But I am not so sure it will
gain you your goals in the long run . Is
college there to have a good time and do
wh.atever you want for four years or is
college to prepare you for a particular
occupation? For example, to enter a law
or medical school from Evergreen would
be practically impossible.
Journal: I'd like to think that you have a
misconception about Evergreen.
Bettelheim : I was just talking with the
dean of the school of social work at the
University of Washington. He is very dubious of Evergreen .. He said, "I am going
to look over everybody very carefully
_w)1o comes from Evergreen"
Journal: Can a school of higher education
teach autonomy?

Bettelheim: I don' t know that a school is
designed to teach autonomy.
Journal : Is it possible?
Bettelheim: Is that the task of a school?
· Do you go to school to learn autonomy?
You have to ask yourself what you go to
school for. If you talk about an educational system you have to ask education
for what. I don't think that a four-year
college is the best way to gain autonomy,
if that is what you decide you want to
learn .
.Journal: What is the purpose of a college,
if not to te<t<:h autonomy?
Bettelheim: To transmit knowledge . If
you want it to do something else, you are
forcing a system to do a job for which the
system was not created. I'm not against
college but you have to know what you
want out of college and it has to be something that college can give you .
Journal: Given your views on education
what would be your advice to teachers
and children now in schools?
Bettelheim: I don't believe in giving advice. To give advice would be an infringement on other people's autonomy and I
don't believe in doing that. When you ask
such a question you already can't take
autonomy very seriously. Before I gave
advice I would ask what do you want to
learn? What are your goals?
.Journal: You also have to know what
you want out of life.
Bettelheim: That's right, that would be
the main thing, but that idea at your age
is very difficult and I don't think that any
course or college experience can teach you
what you want to get out of life. That,
only living can teach you.
Journal: Do you know what you wan tea
to get out of life?
Bettelheim: I don' t think the young people's ideas of "great plans" for life are
true. Later on you learn that you just put
one foot in front of the other and try to
hope that you have put them in the right
direction. Then you look at where they've
taken you and decide if that's where you
wanted to go.
Journal: Is that a rather fatalistic attitude?
Bettelheim : Not at all. You just examine
your situation, ask youself is that what I
wanted. If it is you go on, if it isn't, you
retrace your steps and strive out in a different direction . No occupation can give
you autonomy, and an occupation is essentially what college should prepare you
for. Hopefully it will broaden your horizons and won't give you a narrow view
of things.
Journal: Did you use your theories in the
raising of your own children?
Bettelheim: As a father I have no theories. I listened to my children.
Cooper Point Journal

John Holt is the author of numerous
well-known books on childhood and
learning: How Children Learn, How Children Fail, What Do We Do on Monday,
The Underachieving School , and other
works. His presentations to the conference
were entitled "Escape from Chi/hood : The
Needs and Rights of Children ," "Political
Steps Toward Citizenship for Children ,"
and "The Helping Hand Strikes Again ."
He is currently writing a new book, to be
called Doing, Not Education . An interview with Holt follows .
Journal: Do you know much about Evergreen or Evergreen's type of educational
system?
Holt: I knew something about what they
wanted to do when they started it, and I
guess it's probably working out that way .
By and large I think people ought to have
as much choice as possible in how they
explore the world, and to the extent that
they give you that choice I think it's fine .
Journal: Do you think that's the direction
that schools, and colleges in particular,
should head in?
Holt: I'd be happy if they did, but that's
not what most people want them to do it's not really what colleges are for.
Journal : What do you think colleges are
for?
Holt: What most schools are for is to
keep young people out of society, out of
the labor market, out of people's hair,
and to rank and grade them, put them
into some kind of hierarchy - a pecking
order. I used to think that most schools
were doing a very bad job, and that if we
just pointed out to people that kids
weren't learning anything, that they were
scared and defensive and trying to protect
themselves, then they cotild change. Now
I think schools do a very good job of <;Iaing what most people want them to do,
which has less to do with history, or
arithmetic, or English, or other cultures,
than with making them scared, making
them do things for the carrot and the
stick, and conveying to them certain attitudes about the world : the belief that
learning is something that you get from
other people, that it's something that happens in a school, that it's something that a
teacher gives you. School, like childhood
in general , is a long training in dependency and subservience .
Journal: Is it possible to have a school
which teaches people to be aware of the
fact that most schools seek to inculcate
that need for authority?
Holt: Yes, but you don' t need a school to
do it. I don' t think that the remedy for
having a lot of bad · things learned in
schools is to have good things learned in
schools . I don ' t like the idea that
important things can only be learned in
school . . . . Schools teach you that you
can't learn on your own, and that if you
want to learn something you have to go
to a school.
They teach you that the process of
learning will be painful, and that you
October 24, 1974

probably won't learn it . Schools teach
that in almost anything you do you can
be measured , graded, ranked . . .. By
and large schools don't teach you much
about what the experts know, but they
teach you that experts know best. They
don't teach much science, but they teach
you to worship scientists. They teach vicarious existence . They teach consumption rather than action.
For instance - in first grade they have
what are called exercise ' periods, but really there's nothing a first grader likes
more than to go out and run around. But

John Holt
by twelfth grade you've got twenty people
down on the playing field doing the
running and five thousand up in the
stands watching. And then after the game
half of them leave the stadium saying,
"We won, we won!" They didn't win .
They didn' t even play. This kind of vicarious experience - identification with
others rather than just doing - is what
school teaches us.
Journal: Is there anything good that a
school ~an teach? How would you set -up
a school - or would you?
Holt : I wouldn't, unless it was a school
for something very specific. If you were
to ask me how I would set up a school to
teach people how to play tennis, for instance, I'd have some ideas about that.
But not a "school " in a general sense . The
only function I can see for a "school" is as
a sort of gathering-place, a resource - a
watering hole where people can come to
and share what they've got. That's just a
mechanism.
Journal : How do you think your views
on education differ from Dr. Bettelheim's?
Holt: I suspect - I suspect - he's more
traditional. I'm sure he doesn' t like the
idea of kids not being compelled to go to
school . . . . And I think I take a more
hopeful view than he does of the ability
of children to make reasonably sensible
decisions about their own lives . I suspect
he thinks that children who go to school

might learn quite a lot there; I don't think
they do . I think we might have a rather
similar view of the kind of society that
would be really good for children to grow
up in, but in the concrete working-out of
this there are a lot of differences still.
Journal: Can you elaborate on the working-out process?
Holt: If mental health for children depends on their all having secure, strongcharactered parents or very gifted and
imaginative teachers, we're cooked before
we start, because those things aren't
widely available. I'd be happy if they
were available, but if they were we
wouldn't be having problems. We wouldn' t be having meetings like this one. The
real question is: how do kids grow up not
too screwed up in a society in which
there's very little adult help, competence,
natural authority? Since very few of us
have the competence and strength of character to be the sole resource for a child even if that were a good idea, which I
doubt - then kids ought to be as free as
possible to seek out a whole lot of people,
and get from each one whatever he or she
has to offer.
Journal: What are your thoughts about
autism in children?
Holt: I'm not too sure what "autism"
really means. The trouble with a diagnosis like "autistic," or "retarded," or "mentally disturbed," is that it implies that
there is a condition inside the kid's skin
inside his nervous system, that makes hi~
. the way he is, and not that the way he is
is some kind of reaction in him to an ex- ·
ternal system that he just doesn't like. I
suspect that what is called autism in kids
is frequently a much more· conscious withdrawal, a refusal to take part in a reality
which has come to seem threatening or
dangerous.
One of the few autistic kids I've met
was at a summer camp in New York he was twelve years old, and his parents
had money so he was diagnosed by all of
the best psychiatrists as autistic or schizophrenic . The camp's therapy was simply
to let this kid wander around the very extensive grounds by himself, which he .did.
The first person he talked to was an old
man, very crippled and deformed, who
was himself enough of an outsider that
this kid felt safe with him.
I once had a thought that maybe psychiatrists and doctors in mental hospitals
should come on wearing clown suits, with
grotesque make-up, like court jesters so that they wouldn't be coming at their
patients from such a position of superiority and authority. This man was so deformed, so obviously out of the main- ·
stream of ordinary life, that this kid
wasn't frightened to talk to him. And this
was after less than a month in a camp in
which he received nothing that anybody
could call • treatment. I'm not going to
make any firm generalizations on the
basis of that one experience, but it entitles
me to be skeptical about what is called
"autism" - and I am skeptical.
page 15

, I

The Non-White DTF Report
Vice President. and Provost Ed Kormondy last October 11 called
for campus reaction to the recommendations of the Non-White
Disappearing Task Force (DTF), which were issued last June after
long and intensive deliberation. At the time the DTF issued its
recommendations, the campus was rather deserted for the summer
session, and although it caused something of a stir at the time,
very few campus members are now aware of the report and its
significance.
It is in many ways an extraordinary document. Unlike most
memos generated by bureaucracies, it has a character and a personality which stand
out as clearly as
those of a human,
an angry human . It
is charged with a
long-simmering anger and resentment.
The recommendations the DTF made, 11 general and 118 specific, were all-encompassing, definite, and extreme. They included
Saga offering "at least one daily serving of non-white ethnic
food," establishing book credit for non-whites at the bookstore,
filling all vacancies in employment in the next two years with
non-whites and "especially women, " and under many departments
of the college merely recommending that the DTF's recommendations be implemented.
The comprehensiveness and extremity of the recommendations
make the report hard to digest by merely reading, for underneath
the recommendations themselves lies another level : it is one of
challenge. ,The DTF is challenging Evergreen to examine its philosophy of "affirmative action," of compensatory treatment for longoppressed minorities, and to follow through on it in the most
complete way - to take the idea of affirmative action to its logical conclusions.
Evergreen's official Affirmative Action policy, adopted by the
Board of Trustees on April18, 1974, reads in part as follows:
"The Evergreen State College is committed to an affirmative action program - a goal-oriented program through which it makes
specific additional efforts to recruit, hire, train, and promote nonwhites and women ; and to recruit, admit, and educate non-white
and women students. The affirmative action program is designed
to overcome and prevent the effects of systematic institutional dis, crimination and benign neutrality in employment and educational

Journal

Commentary

practices." This is well-intentioned but vague.
In the introduction to its report the DTF gives a general background to the problem of discrimination and how that background served as the basis for their report. "In our view, the irrefutable evidence that makes up the history of the Third World
people in this country is too abundant and too obvious to reiterate here . But it looms as the strongest mute justification of the intellectual and philosophical positions out of which these suggestions rise. Our history in America, then, validates the claims we
make here. "
This is the situation the DTF's report makes us confront. In
light of the undeniable history of oppression and inequality towards non-white people in this country, how far are we willing to
go to correct the situation? Should we, as the report suggests, give
free and uncensored communication space (in the Journal, on
KAOS radio, or through some separate medium) to non-whites
when it is not given to whites? Should we, as the report suggests,
stop hiring whites entirely for two years? Should we, as the report ·
suggests, reserve 11 percent of the housing at the school for nonwhites to the exclusion of whites? ·
By the tremendous specificity and pointedness of its recommendations, the DTF has forced every department, every area of the
school to be confronted with the real question which underlies the
report, which is : how far are we willing to go? How completely
do we believe in affirmative action and with how much integrity
are we willing to apply it? Our current official position on affirmative action comes nowhere near supplying us with a sufficient
rationale .
Kormondy wants campus reaction to the DTF's recommendations so we can proceed to implement, modify, or discard them as
we see fit. But mixed in with the judgments rendered by the campus community on those recommendations will be the shock and
perhaps dismay that their pointedness at first evokes . A de facto
philosophy of affirmative action based on our subjective reactions
will evolve as a result of this process, but is this what we want?
Kormondy is putting the cart before the horse. What the DTF
report demands is that we carefully examine our philosophy of
affirmative action and then let that philosophy shape our actions
- not vice versa. It is too important and too emotional an issue
to approach backwards.

The ·views expressed in this column represent a consensus of the
Journal's editors.

Guest Commentary
Puerto Rico: U. S. Colony
BY KEITH KEYSER
Ever since 1898, when the reins of colonial rule passed from
Spain to the United States, Puerto Rico has suffered from total dependency to U.S. colonial domination.
Today, Puerto Rico is under the legislative, judicial, and executive control of the United States. The U. S. government has exclusive jurisdiction over all questions of citizenship, foreign affairs,
defense, immigration and emigration, foreign trade, currency,
postal services, radio and television, and air and sea transport. All
the laws adopted by the Congress of the United States automatically apply in Puerto Rico, and any decisions of the Supreme
page 16

~I

Court- of Puerto RiCo can be overturned by the U.S. federal
courts.
In exercising its role as Big Brother in Puerto Rico, the U. S.
government owns 28 percent of Puerto Rican arable land. Much
of this land is used for military bases, including bases with nuclear
weapons, 'which threaten the peace and 5ecurity of its population
while pursuing military occupation as a means of strengthening
colonial control over the territory.
United States military activity also involves the island group of
Vieques and Culebra, Puerto Rican territory as well, which is being used as a firing range for weapons testing, thereby seriously
jeopardizing the lives of the people of Culebra. I have personally
observed Naval gunfire and gunfire support exercises close to the
coast of Culebra from aboard a ship participating in this type of
exercise.
Aside from the military u~e that the United States gets out of
Cooper l~oint Journal

Puerto Rico is its consistent economic exploitation: In 1942 the
Economic Development Administration (EDA) started the first
phase of "Operation Bootstrap," a general development plan for
American industry in Puerto Rico . The plan, which is still in existence, acts to encourage American .industrial developers onto the
island and develop a plan which the American Commonwealth
Government (ACG), a U.S . puppet and the managing agency for
U.S. capital in Puerto Rico, could follow in order to complete the
development program. Through offers of a one hundred percent
tax exemption for 5 to 17-year periods and the incentive of a
cheap and largely unorganized labor force, the EDA has succeeded in establishing two thousand factories .
Although the ACG predicted this heavy development as resulting in an integrated, independently productive economy, just the
opposite has happened. Since the mid-1960's, light industry has
been preceded by large capital investment, particularly in petroleum refineries, petrochemical, and chemical industries.
These heavy industries are characterized by a high level of
mechanization requiring a small labor force in proportion to the
investment of capital they represent. Thus the unemployment rate,
according to the Puerto Rican Chamber of Commerce, is over 30
percent . Coupled with the ensuing loss of much agricultural land,
important to the self-sufficiency of the people, the reduction in
employment opportunities due to rapid industrialization has
caused catastrophic changes in the livelihoods of Puerto Ricans .
The solution of the U.S . and the ACG to the economic
problems which they have created has been largely twofold:
forced migration and forced sterilization. More than 40 percent of
the Puerto Rican nation has been forced to migrate to the United
States as a result of the terrible living conditions in Puerto Rico.
Of the more than two million Puerto Ricans living in this country,
most live in the large urban areas of New York, Philadelphia and
Chicago, with 1.2 million living in New York City alone. U.S .
Naval vessels have aided the migration of Puerto Ricans into this
country, where they suffer from substandard housing, health education, and employment conditions. More than half the Puerto
Ricans living in New York have incomes below the official "poverty level. "
Under a new population control progra~, the ACG has announced a goal of five thousand sterilizations per year. Already,
35 percent of the Puerto Rican women of reproductive age are
sterilized. This type of sterilization program can only be viewed as
a subtle weapon for genocide in the hands of colonialist expansionists.
Historically and presently~ the Puerto Rican people have struggled tirelessly against colonial occupation of their land. In 1868
they launched their war of independence against Spain. In 1898,
after much autonomy had been won from the Spanish, the United
States invaded Puerto Rico .
In 1936 the Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico called for a complete boycott of all national elections, after which its leader,
Pedro Abizu Campos, called for all Puerto Rican constituencies to
assemble and draft a constitution for a free Puerto Rico and
mutually beneficial trade relationships with other countries. The
concept had astounding success with almost unanimous agreement
among all major parties, and as a result, Campos was arrested,
tried, convicted for inciting rebellion, and sent to the United
States to serve a ten-year prison term. In 1940 the independence
movement formed the Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP)
which is today the largest electoral independence party.
In 1950 Governor Luis Nunoy Marin was instructed by the
United States to jail or kill all nationalist leaders. Following a few
arrests, fighting erupted and spread to the major cities. After six
days of war, thousands of Puerto Ricans were arrested, thousands
more confined to house arrest, and hundreds killed. Those few
nationalists who survived were sentenced to outrageously long
prison terms. In 1953 the United States succeeded in persuading
the United Nations to declare Puerto Rico "self-governing" on the
basis of the ACG formulation .
In 1967, in an attempt to portray the U . S.- Pue~t; Rfcan relationship as one of "free association," the ACG held a plebiscite in
which the people supposedly could choose the political formula of
October 24, 1974

independence, statehood, or commonwealth that they preferred. · ·
Although colonialist sympathizers often point to the results, in •
which the commonwealth received the most votes, they do not
mention that the strong independence movement boycotted the
plebiscite because the choice of independence was not included until the last minute . As a result, 40 percent of the voting population
simply did not vote.
On Dece·mber 14, 1973, the report of the United Nations Special.:.
Committee on decolonization, which contained the controversial ,
resolution on the colonial status of Puerto Rico and the right to .:·
independence of the Puerto Rican people, was overwhelmingly" ~·;
passed by the General Assembly. The Special Committee's resolution said, in part, " [This resolution] requests the Government of •
the United States of America to refrain from taking any measures ""
which might obstruct the full and free exercise by the people of , 1
their inalienable right to self-determination and independence, as ,
well as of their economic, social and other rights, and in·-.-~.
particular to prevent any violation of these · rights by bodies cor...J
porate under its jurisdiction."
· · ~ ..
The resolution was passed by a vote 'of 104 to five, with ten .,,
abstentions. 'Voting against the resolution were the United States, _,
United Kingdom, Portugal, South Africa, and France. The Uniteq ..
States stood alone in denouncing the report's reference to the; colonial status of Puerto Rico .
· This weekend, Americans and Puerto Ricans in the United ......
States will be demonstrating nationwide for the independence of' '
Puerto Rico and for a Bicentennial without colonies . On Saturday,' 1
October 26, there will be a demonstration in Seattle and on ....
Saturday night a dance at El Centro de Ia Raza . The demonstra- •·
tion will meet at Cowen Park (University Avenue and Ravenna
Boulevard) and march to rally at Schmitz Hall (Campus Parkway
and 15th Avenue) .

.

Humanity 1n Chains
.. ·:

BY EVA USADI
This letter was written by a Spanish prisoner to his wife : ·"DeaF
Ginetta, I know that I shall never see another sunset. In a sense, I
am glad. The burns on my feet are all infected and the pliers used
on me have left some nasty gashes. My genitals have been the object of such a sadistic display that they keep me constantly awake
because of the pain. . . .
·
continued on next page
page 17

continued from preceding page
"I wish to close my eyes and let the end come, but I am afraid
those two 'carogne' will enjoy themselves a few more hours rubbing salt on my wounds . .. -: It is our faith in a high cause,
namely the destruction of an inhuman enemy who has forgotten
all feelings for kindness, understanding and compassion, let alone
the humane treatment of their prisoners, that keeps you hoping .. "
Amnesty International (AI) is a worldwide human rights movement, independent of any government, political faction ~r re.ligious creed. It acts on behalf of men and women who are Impnsoned for their beliefs, color, ethnic origin or religion, provided
they have neither used nor advocated violence. AI also seeks to
end the use of torture against incarcerated persons.
The organization was founded in 1961 by a group of London
lawyers. Since then its membership .has grown to thirty thousand
persons representing 61 countries . Amnesty International has been
directly responsible for the release of over 7,500 prisoners, and
has improved the conditions of thousands of others. It is accorded
consultative status at the United Nations, UNESCO, the CounciL
of Europe, the Organization of American States, and the Organization of African Unity.
Al's existence stems from a blatant contravention of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (a document which most
members of the United Nations have agreed to comply with) by
many governments who openly harass or imprison persons who
, express discontent with their policies. AI focuses specifically on
articles 5, 9, 18, and 19 of the Declaration as they deal, respectively, with cruel and inhuman punishment (torture); arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile ; freedom of thought, conscience, and religion as are manifested in teaching, practice, worship and observance; and freedom of opinion and expression which includes seeking, receiving and imparting information through any medium .
AI's operation is simple. Working in groups, members adopt
specific prisoners of conscience. They write letters to high govern-

ment and prison officials of the jailer countries as well as .sendin~
food and clothing to the prisoners themselves and sometimes financial aid to the prisoners' families. The emphasis is on publicity
- it is very embarrassing for a respected ambassador to be questioned by a concerned delegate about a sordid case of torture,
while making an impressive speech about world hunger. Members
also enlist the support of influential people, visit the subject governments' embassies and consulates, and petition officials directly
while traveling in countries where their prisoners are being held .
Amnesty International is a well-organized, widely respected,
and consequently effective humanitarian movement. Its objective
is to bring into world consciousness the plight of people who have
the courage to speak out again~t governmental oppression at the
risk of their freedom and their lives. Through demonstration of
their belief in freedom and justice for everyone, these people have
focused attention on the relevance of criticism in light of political
inequities. The fact that totalitarian governments attempt. to repress protest of this nature is proof of its validity. This work will
be hindered unless we support the release of all men and women
imprisoned for their humanity .
The Spanish prisoner's letter continues : "Alas, I shall not be
here at the end of the war to have the pleasure of an intellectual
debate with my jailers about all this. But I hope you will . . . I
wish I could survive and lead .a crusade against those people who
call themselves human beings but are. such a disgrace to the
human race."
Unless we speak out against the madness, unless we learn from
it and take action, of what use is the suffering. of people like JeanPierre Debris and Andre Menras, who were imprisoned and tortured in Saigon? We owe them our freedom . We must give them
theirs.
Amnesty International is in the process of establishing a chapter
at Evergreen. Meetings for this purpose are held every Tuesday at
noon in Library room 2205 .

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page 18

Coope r Point Journal

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Briefs
continued from page 11
lack of it in the academic planning process is bound to become a big issue on
campus this fall - especially considering
the fact that proposals for next year's coordinated studies programs and group
contracts are due in only five weeks .
HEALTH SERVICES
ANNOUNCES NEW POLICY
Health Services recently announced a
new policy which limits their service to
enrolled students only.
Edwina Dorsey- Travis , Director of
Health Services, stated "Due to the
increase in student enrollment and the
consequential increase in the demand for
medical care at the Health Services, it has
become necessary to establish a policy
that we can no longer offer health care to
those individuals who are non-students,
including staff, faculty, graduates, and
those individuals who are "On-Leave"
status at the Registrar's office.
" Effective immediately, those requesting
services at our facilities will be asked to
present verification of their student status
at the college. It is our hope that this
measure will enable us to provide a more
efficient service for those who are eligible
for health care ." Dorsey-Travis stressed,
however, that the new policy did not exclude service to non-students for emergencies .
There are two basic reasons for the new
policy, according to Dean of Student
Services Larry Stenberg. First, the fullsalaried staff and faculty have incomes
and medical-benefit programs available
which enable them to obtain private
health care. And second, the dependency
that alums have on Health Services increases each year, taking away more of
the "available time, service, and equipment of the students it's meant to serve,"
said Stenberg. He noted that this had not
yet become a substantial problem, and the
implementation of this policy now would
probably prevent it becoming one.
FACULTY HIRING PROCEDURES
.
STUDIED
With a flood of approximately 2,400
unsolicited faculty applications and inquiries coming in annually, Academic
dean Lynn Patterson in charge of hiring
formed the Faculty Hiring Disappearing
Task Force (DTF) last spring whose final
report is now ready for review by the
Evergreen community. Patterson would
like all responses in her office by October
25 before accepting the DTF's recommendations .
The proposed hiring procedure essentially boils · down into three steps. The
first is for potential faculty candidates
either to send an unsolicited request for ·

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The would-be faculty member's acceptance of the invitati on b rings them into
step three. The student staff members
publicize the visit. The candidates meet
with and possibly are interviewed by the
DTF, interested students, staff, and faculty , representatives from Student Services, the Affirmative Action Officer, and
the ap propriate deans. All people who
met with the candidates would be expected to submit written observations to
be added to the candidate's file . The
Hiring DTF would review these files and
make recommendations to the deans by
the end of February.

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an app lication, respond to a public announcement for applicants made by Evergreen, or be nominated for facu lty status
b y a n Evergreen community member. Faculty representatives and two paid student
staff members would sift through the unsolicited applications and sort them into
three categories . A) Definite potential candidate, B) definitely not a potential candidate, and C ) no clear decision regarding
po tential candidacy. All women and nonwhite app licants automatically fall into
the " C" category, these to be classified by
the dean in charge of hiring. Type " B" applicants would be sent letters discouraging
them from pursuing candidacy . And Type
" A " applicants would be sent letters discussing the hiring criteria and encouraging
them to complete their files.
A public announcement of all candidates would be step two, their files being
accessible to all Evergreen community
members for comment. A 12-member Hiring DTF, working in conjunction with the
hiring dean and Affirmative Action office,
would cla?sify all candidates as "active"
or "inactive. " An "inactive" candidate
would have his or her files retained for
possi ble reconsideration for up to two
years . Active candidates would be invited
by the dean for an all-expense-paid campus visit and interview, which is a requirement before becoming eligible for a
contract offer.

THIS VVOUlD ~
AN IDEAl GIFT!
-

Briefs
continued from preceding page

& DIVISION

In Olympia's
Westside Cent.v

The Deans would then review these rec- ommendations and candidate files in order to make their own selections. They
would meet with the Hiring DTF to discuss their selections, and then advise the
academic vice-president of the decisions,
who has the final authority in faculty hiring. After reviewing the recommendations
of the DTF and the deans, he would
make offers to the selected candidates of
either a regular three year contract or a
visiti ng co ntract of shorter duration. At
the end of th e process the dean of hiring
would inform in writing the Affirmati ve
Action Officer of why or why not certain
wome n and non-white candidates were selC'cted .
Cooper Point Journ al

Sports/ Len Wallick

CALL HIM SPIDER
It's hard to say why he's become so
conspicuous, almost a celebrity at this
place of nameless faces. Yet he is known ,
in some capacity, by almost everyone at
Evergreen.
Perhaps you've been there at the finish
line to witness one of his unbroken string
of first places at Evergreen cross-country
foot races. Perhaps you've seen his gaunt
figure piloting down a r oad or sidewalk
aboard his wheeled skis. Perhaps you
know him as a student activist and an ·
avid participant in the governa nce process at Evergreen. Maybe you've just heard
his name in conversa tion , o r read it in
print, for even his name has attracted second looks.
Although one may ask, " What is his
real name?" Spider Burbank would rather
you didn 't know . "Just call me Spider,"
he says as if that were all one needed to
do to make him happy.
His preferred alias originated in the
su mmer between h is eigh th and ninth
grade years. He spent the vacation in a
ski camp near Mt. Baker. His downhill
skiing style, accent uated by a long-limbed build, was labeled "spidery" by his
com rades at the school, and he's carried
that ta g ever since.
It is not his name, not his running
prowess, no, not even his "roller skis"
that make Spider newsworthy. In the perso n of Mr. Burbank there dwells a
nationall y recognized athletic figure . The
sport? Cross-country skiing .
Spider's present status as the top crosscountry skier in the state is the end result
of a lo ng, involved series of events, covering most of his life.
Living in Connecticut he was initiated
into alpine (o r downhill ) skiing at the age
of th ree. His entire family was tleeply invo lved in the sport, instilling Spider with
a lasting en thusiasm. Under the influence
of an older brother he began to compete
as an alp ine racer in the seventh grade.
His involve ment in competit ion grew over
the yea rs and was given a boost when he
enrolled at Putney school (a private h igh
' sc ho o l) in Vermo nt.
Putney, in Spider's words, is the "crossco untr y skiing center of the U.S ." With
the · school 's ski coach doubling as the
coach of th e United State s Olympic
Nordic sk i team , a nd with teachers,
a lumni , and nearby · residents of Putney
regularly land ing places o n that team , the
influence on youn g Spider was heavy . Fo r
a lth ough he "excelled" in alpine events as
a sophomore, his junior yea r w itnessed a
October 24, 1 q74

gradual turning toward cross-country.
In addition to the influence of the
coaches and the reputation of the school,
Spider soon found a lpine skiing to be prohibiti vely expensive. Nordic skiers as a
gro up were also harder working and
easier to get along with. Fina ll y and perha ps most importa nt was the fact that
cross-country skiing was a "pure sport"
requiring no lifts, and existing in harmony
with the enviro nment.
By the end of his high school career,
Spider could cou nt himself among the top
ten high school skiers o n the east coast.
Burbank spent the summer after grad~
uat ion at an ou tward bo und schoo l in the
North Cascades, then jetted to Finland,
spending the nex t twelve months as a

potter's apprentice . During that winter (of
1972-73) he participated in cross-country
skiing a nd rose to seventh place among
the skiers in his local district . (There are
eight d is tricts in all of Finland .) .
Spider first learned of Evergreen's existence through letters from his brother,
then a student a t Reed . His decision to attend Evergreen even after bei ng accepted
at such schools as Dartmouth was affected
by a sincere desire · to pursue an intense
and d ema ndin g academic program .
("Dar tm o uth would have been more of a
choice for skiing than education .") He

was a lso heavily influenced by the Evergreen cata log a nd by his sister-in-law,
who was a student here while Spider was
in Finland.
It was during last winter, his first at Evergreen, that Spider. rocketed into national
prominence. Competing ·in the Pacific
Northwest ski association, he established
himself as the best in Washington and
among the to p three overall in the Northwest.
T his perfo rmance qualified him to participate in the " Nationals" last March in
Montana . After a subpar showing in the
fifteen kilometer race he went on to finish
six teenth in the thirty kilometer and a
powerful ninth in the fifty kilometer race .
(A kilometer is about six / tenths of a
mile.) He also anchored a four-by-ten
kilometer relay team to a respectable finish. All of this took place in less than a
week's time. H e then flew back to Washington and with one day's rest finished
first o ut of a field of 150 at an eighteen
ki lo meter race near Snoqualmie Pass.
This year represents a turning point for
Spider regarding his immediate future as a
com petitor on the cross-country ski circuit. Not willing to put aside academics as
his first priority, he faces the "temptation"
of making a bid to enter the ranks of the
top ten cross-country skiers in the United
States . This task, he estimates, would require fovr hours of training per day for
45 weeks out of the year - too much to
work into his schedule as a student. Of
course, if his local performances this season are exceptional and promising, temptation might "naturally get the better" of
him .
Considering his background, Spider's
personality is surprising to say the least.
His athletic prowess and private school
background would lead one to expect •a
patent snob, conceited j'ock, or both. _In
actuality he is neither. Realistic when
evaluating his abilities but truly humble
when reflecting on his accomplishments,
Spider is literally without pretense.
His interest in law, economic thought,
and environmental protection all attest to
a wide intellectual background . Although
he protests 'Tm only a sophomore" when
pressed about future plans, the intensity
with which he approaches his studies divulges an acute interest in activist politics.
Whatever his plans and accomplishmen ts, one thing can be considered certa in . As long as Spider Burbank remains
he re, Evergreen will benefit from his
presence as an athlete, a student, and a
person .
page 21

European Media I Jaroslav Vachuda

EUROPE AND THE BOMB
Le Monde (France), one of the most influential dailies in the world, has revealed
for the first time the ongoing military cooperation between France and Germany
in the complex fields of technical planning, manufacturing, financing, location,
deployment, and use of a common European nuclear force (the French "Force de
Frappe").
Within- the last twenty years or so the
French have been manufacturing and deploying nuclear and thermonuclear weapon systems. In 1973 the then French Minister of Foreign Affairs, Monsieur Jobert,
spoke forcefully, and for the first time,
about the French "atom guaranty" for
Europe. A possible close cooperation between Britain and France, in the opinion
of West G~rmany's Die Welt, is not possible in view of the still close relations between Britain and the United States as
manifested in the British Atom Force
(U.S. nuclear aid to Britain consisting of
four submarines with Polaris type missiles, some tactical missiles, etc .).
It is now understood, and officially proclaimed, that the French Force de Frappe
will defend with nuclear arms any
member nation of the European community. The new French President Monsieur
Giscard d' Estaing strongly subscribes to
the same conception and French military
circles now know that the famous weeklong conclave of the French president with
his military commanders and scientific advisers in September, 1974, produced policy guidelines not dissimilar to those of
General de Gaulle. Geography and geopolitics, politics and spiritopolitics are
dictating to the French and the Germans
alike, and to the whole European community, a strong common defense. European media are echoing this policy with
an overwhelming approval and are reporting in detail the historic above-mentioned week-long policy deliberations of
the new French president.
Die Welt continues, "Two main policy
guidelines are now discernible : first, that
France will not join the military arm of
NATO, although she is represented and a
part and cooperating in other branches of
NATO; anasecond, that France will continue vigorously to develop and build her
nuclear and thermonuclear arms." And
the unspeakable was hinted strongly for
the first time: in the case of an attack on
Europe, France will defend Europe with
all the arms at her disposition including
ato!Jlic weapons; France's nuclear forces
are therefore an integral part of the compa~e 22

mon European defense .
.,
"Enge militaerische Zusammenarbe1t
(close military cooperation). Under this
headline, Die Welt, in what is, in my
opinion, one of the most important news
events to be written about in the last
twenty years, resumed its evaluations:
"From recent political decisions even the
close military cooperation of France and
Germany is more and more evident. In
the case of an attack on Europe, presumably from the East or at least by Eastern
Powers, the whole French Army will be
deployed and used in combat, not just the
divisions of the two corps now stationed
on the soil of West Germany.
'This means that the French tactical nuclear missile Pluton (effective range about
150 miles; the air distance between the
French and Czechoslovak borders is about
200 miles) will not be fired from the west
banks of the river Rhine on targets in
(West) Germany, but from the east banks
of the Rhine and from the middle and
eastern _parts of West Germany on targets
further east. The heavy artillery regiments
of the First French Army stationed in East
France are already rearmed with the newest Plutons and mobile missiles. The antiaircraft ground-to-air missiles are leaving
the southern parts of France (Citadel of
France ) and_ pre deoloved ir J::'l.-tern

Welcome

-~olt's

.. .9-~~$
17

France to help protect the airspace above
France, Germany, and Europe," evidently
influenced by the successes of the Soviet
SAM anti-aircraft missile and the Soviet
SAGHER anti-tank missile in the last
Arab-Israeli war.
Die Welt continues : "France is forced
to continuously improve her atomic and
hydrogen weapons, to build more power.ful delivery systems, and to increase the
payload of the missiles. By 1980, France
will have MIRV warheads operational.
The French military · satellites will be
operative the same year and so the French
Force de Frappe will be independent from
the NATO satellite system.
"Of course, those weapon delivery systems are costly, and one nation could
easily be overburdened by such an enormous economic outlay," says Die Welt.
And here the Germans are coming into
the picture, after having denounced the
ownership and usage of atomic weapons
for so long. According to the French
L'Humanite, "The French Giscard d'Estaing in his election campaign speeches
hinted to and presented as a viable hypothesis that the French arms, even nuclear, and Germany's financial contributions to procure these arms, could be the
backbone of the common European defense ."

I

New

Students!

H~.RRISON

. ALL WAYS TRAVEL SERVICE, INC.

. "(ESTSIOE SHOPPING CENTER ·

943-8701

OLYMPIA, WASHINGTON

943,e?oo

...................................................~·····
Cooper Point Journal

OLYMPIA

Cinema
State: Crazy Joe - Peter Boyle, Rip
Torn, and Eli Wallach star in Dino De
Laurentiis's (producer of The Valachi
Papers) production of the film biography
of the late gangster Joseph Gallo; Buster
and Billie - Two attractive young leads
and dozens of amateurs stiffly make their
way through atrocious dialog in this
love story set in Georgia in 1949 .
Capitol: Two Disney flicks The
Bears and I; Shaggy Dog .
Olympic: The Tall Blond Man With
One Black Shoe - A delightful French
film combining suspense and comedy in
an unusual way.
Friday Nite Film: Rebel Without A
Cause - The James Dean classic about a
quiet new kid in school who must face the
bullies, while also confronting an adult
world of self-deception.
Academic Film Series (Tuesday in Lecture Hall #1 ; free): Jean· Luc-Godard's
Tout Va Bien.
Evergreen Coffee H ouse (AS H commons, Sunday night): Fail Safe - Henry
Fonda a nd Walter Matthau star in this
gripping story about a nuclear accident.

In Concert
Applejam : Tonight, October 24, Malvina Reyn olds, the songwriter I folksinger
from Berkeley, Calif . and author of "Little Boxes," "Turn Around," "What Have
They Done to the Rain? " and " It Isn't
Nice," among others. Friday, Mike Dumovich sings blues and Marc Bridgham performs Irish music and children's songs.
Saturday, Opus Nine, a nine-voice choral
group , will perform.
The National Dance Company of Senegal, featuring 40 dancers, singers, drummers, and musicians, performs Monday,
October 28 at 7:30 p.m. in the second
floor library lobby.
October 24, 1974

Evergreen Coffee House (ASH commons ): Friday night, October 25, Nick
Allison sings and plays piano on original
and adapted numbers. Saturday, Ellen
Barnes sings and plays guitar.
TACOMA

Exhibits
The McNeil Island Art Show and Sale.r
will feature works by prisoners of McNeit ·1
Island Penitentiary at Tacoma Mall, 0<:-; l::
tober 28 to November 9 .
" fT'j
Tacom·a Art Museum: The Wright col""'l.i
lection of contemporary paintings and qe
sculpture ends Monday, October 28 .
., (';,

:3
In Concert

. .. li

..

:

SEATTLE
Court C Coffeehouse: David Jay
White, a Seattle modern jazz quartet, performs on Monday and Tuesday evenings.
Friday, October 25, Ann Louise Laland
and David Levine perform ; Saturday,
Old Coast Highway Orchestra and Tattoo
Parlor.
The First Annual Pacific ·Northwest
Coun tr y Music Awards Festival and
Dance will be held Sunday, October 27, 1
to 8 p.m. at the Firwood Tavern.

On Stage

f:lU!TI

Seattle Repertory Theater : Hamlet.. 'J)
Performances Tuesdays through Sundays. ;"•.·!
' :• ~·i?
Exhibits
T1.1-i.J

Seattle Art Museum Pavilion: "Tribut!i 1w
to Mark T obey," the pioneer abstractioq.;-, m:l
is t and foremo st American painter. .·tJi
Through November 10.
-: 1 7. 1;)

!EVERGREEN WELCOMES
THE NATIONAL
DANCE COMPANY
OF SENGAL
to the 2nd Floor Library Lobby
October 28 7:30 P.M.
TICKETS AT DOOR
STUDENTS 52.00

'u

COMMUNITY 52.50

CHILDREN UNDER 12 FREE

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INTERESTED IN
WRITING?
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your energy. The Journal needs writers of all kinds who are willing to spend some time
writing news stories, personality profiles, reviews, editorials, feature and public interest
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providing an outlet, by giving you experience, by helping you develop and refine some
' - - - -- - --basic writing skills . We can provide some direction for your efforts.
We will be having a meeting for all those interested in writing for the Journal on Friday,
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Activities Building, room 306. Phone : 866-6213. Come if you are interested or drop by
anytime.