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cpj0211
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Title
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The Cooper Point Journal, Volume 8, Issue 7 (December 6, 1979)
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Date
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6 December 1979
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extracted text
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DECEMBER 6, 1979
VOL. 8
THE Co0PER. PoINT
GuIDE
To
The Evergreen State College
THE
NO. 7
JouRNAL
SEVENTIES
Olympia, Washington 98505
2
NARCISSUS AND SISYPHUS
Viennese.
By lMry StlllweU, Editor
What can any college newapaper poaalbly eay
about a decadethat began with four prolMtlng
atudenta dead at Kent State and ended with pn>Amerlea demonetratlona on campu- all acroea
the country?
But It wu Juat too rfpe an opportunity to l)elMI
up. Aa editor of the Cooper Point Journal. I
decided we almply couldn't put out , r-.gular
fnttrtainm~nt
goulash
Hom~mad~5our,s
Hc3ndbvi/t Sdnd\\lich~s
watch for grcmd
Bluc.9rassFesfival
S,t. NHc '4il Hidnik
Wine 1ostayor to 30
edition for the last lasue of the decade. Sure, It
~ NII-Indulgent
to neglect the weekly
IChool ,_,
and spend all that lludent money on
extra PION and fypeeettlng Juel for the chance to
commemorete en "event" whose timing and
significance atllTII solely from the fact that
human belnga have ten flng«'I. But then, th la
hu been the decide of aell-lndulgence. Or ao
they aay.
Livt Music fr;. (
ficoti, Beer (
Soon to have. be.u on
Table of Content.a
Narciasua and Siayphua by Larry Stillwell .........................
t~p_I
00.: Wino Under a Bridge by Gilbert Salcedo .....................
4
Virgin Eve by Mary Young ......................................
7
Beginning with Earth Day by Jeff Se.veringhaua...................
8
1.e..:.1.
.I
a-ting
the Sun by ~nrad Driacoll ...........................
9
Bicycle Boomand Beyond by Tim Nogler ........................
11
The State of Economica by Thom Richardson and Pam Duaenberry .12
"I Got tbe Apolitical Bluet" by Ben Alennder ....................
14
Footprint.a of the American Chicken .............................
16
Living Color Qlleltiona by David Joyner .........................
16
Evergreen'• Experimental Euence by Larry Stillwell .............
18
You Really Can't Go Home Again by T. J. Simpson ..............
22
Journaliam Preuea On by Pam Duaenberry ......................
26
TV News: "That's the Way It Wu" by LiiA Eckeraberg ..........
26
9" Man by Tom Jone, ..........................................
27
Li~rature of the '70a: Happy Ever Altering by Mary Young ....... 28
Where the Hell Ia the Muculiniat Movement? by John Zupa ....... 81
The Fable of the Man Who Wu Liberated by Clifford Olin .........
82
The View from the Playpen by Paul Mutrangelo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Ten Yean of Random Notea by Geoff Kirk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Cinema in the '70. by T. J. Simpson .......................
•..... 35
(1oi) 351·2~30
102 3 Capitol \tl;)v
\~_9t(ftv's
chat§oufasL'R{viti,,~
~~
CHRISTMAS @
CZ HOURS
Weekdays
10 'till 9 p.m.
Saturdays
10 'till 7 p.m.
Sundays
Noon 'till 5 p.m.
don't
turn
your
back on
the
'
holidays ...
•
~
The Normal Evergreen Newa .....................
18
EDITOR Larry Stmwell
ART DIRECTOR BaaclyHaatiq
n.Noat-
'\\
Downtown
"It'1 a _WileMan Who Rulea the Start" by Tanna Stott.a ..........
. Inaerted after
staff
Happy Holidays!
AReHIBALI)
SISGJ'BRS
8
dress
. \,·,
Mu-yY ....
~,-: ,
n comfort
& ,1
tyle with
'\
natural
fibres.
styles for men
& women.
Hours
Mon.-Sat. 10:30-7:00
Sunday 12-5: 00
December
352-0700
Next to Budget Tapes
,,.,
BUSINESS MANAGER Joa Todd
CALENDAR EDITOR U1aaEekenbers
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Bea
Aluaader
P.. Due.berry
~i;
Boom BaMes:Gil Salcedo, Jeff Severinghaus, Conrad DriacoU.Thom
c ardson, Gary Alan May, David Joyner, T. J. Simpton Tom Jonea Paul
Mutrange)o, Jo~n Zupa.. Clifford Olin, Geoff Kirk, Tanna Stott.a, Nell Wallace,
Jan Loftn~. Rack_Lew111,RuueU Battaglia, Liquid Paper, Wendy Barsoth,
Martha Hunting, Shirley at Graphics, and various natural and artificlal atimulanta.
The
The Cooper Point Journal 11 published weellly for the 1tudenta, faculty and staff of
Evwgreen
State College. Views exp,eaeed are not ,_..,Uy
thoee of The Everg....-i State College or ol
the Cooper Point Journal's etaH. Advertlalng material PfNll"llld herein dON not Imply endor..ment by lhla newspaper. Offices ..... located In the College Activities Bulldlng (CAB) 104.
Phone: l!e6-6213. All lettn to the editor must be received by noon Tueeday for that WNlla
publication. Letters mu11 be IYPed, dou~•Pac.d
and ol a rNaonable length. Names wlll be
wlthheld on rttqueat. The editors reeerwthe right to edit lettn and artlcl• for length, content
and atyle but,promlae not to abuae thla privilege too often.
After all, what does nature know of the changing of the decade? The planets certalnly don"t
to have much respect for our turning point:
their big eYent la on Aprll Fool'• Day, 1981, when
four of them and the sun form s straight llne with
eer1h.
And I, In fact, have long held a personal theory
that "the Sixties, .. as such, didn't end until late
1972, with Richard Nixon's landallde re-election
and the defeet and dlalntegrallon of "The Movement" u embodied In the lactlonallzed attempt
to protest hla renomination In Miami the prevloue
August.
Stlll, I know I'll wake up on January 1, 1980,
feellng uneasy. And I won't be the only one. Thie
man-made event, devleed by our mind• to
acknowledge a man-made cycle, nonethelNa has
Ila significance In our man-made and mansurrounded world and no amount of rallonallzatlon wlll let me believe that entering the 1980a
doesn't mun .-thing.
The lact that I don't
know what It muna, and that nobody elae has
the sllghleat Idell either, la whet makes me
apprehensive. I dub the next decade "The Unknown Eighties."
(lt"a alllteratlve, sort ol, and appropriate. II I
wu holdlng a contest, I'd award myaelf flnst
prize. Thia la atlll, after all, the Me Decade.)
The world of the Eighties la made up of unknowns. The polltlcal, cultural, and peychologlcal
realms have been thrown wide open: the old
ways oertalnly del4IMI to be dlacarded, but ao
do, for various l'NSOna, most of the altematlpropoaed In the lat two decadea. "I ain't got
nothln', Ma, to llve up to ... "
Perhaps the dangers of the day make our time
unique and maybelt'a Juat that, as a lrfend uld,
''The world hu been auppoeedly dying for eooo
years." But the fact la that ecologlcal, astrological, technotoglcal, and economic forecuta for
the nearfuture all point to chaoa.
People .,. -anxious, under the aurface, about
what the ElghtlN' WIii bring. People are acared.
No one really bellthat anyone who knows
what lhev're doing hu their hand on the rudder
ol l)lr9()nal and cultural went,; NPIClally, no
one bellthoae few amug pllota of deatlny
who uaure ua we're In for 1mooth lalllng.
The unknown Eighties are hint, now. Thia
lasue la an attempt, not to compete with Neweweek and LIie, but to make what SWIM we can
out of thla myaterfously hlatortcal churning point.
lt'a full of per80llal views and remembranceareally all thlt'a available In cataloglng a time that
deflee deflnltlOI) and coherence.
But an age that lacks unity, direction, and
leiedenshlp,and In which people have been forced
to fall back, at leut a bit, on their own reeouroee
and make their own mlatakea and INm their own,
pef901\al, leuona. la not necenartly an age of
negative narclaalam. If Individuals are turning
away from the llmlted approechea and tWtrlctlw
roles ol orevloua aroup Identification-whether as
natlonallatlc "Americana"
" or countcweultural •
"radlcala"-to
face the abeurdlty and chaoe of
their llvea and llfe Itself, lhla doN not have to·
drain our spirit and deprive ua of hope.
We -.
all romantics In the Slxtlea and cynics
In the Seventies. And II we played the role of
Narclaaus In the Seventies, gazing Inward at our
own mlectlon to who we w- wnlle negllcilng others, then perhaps In the Eighties we wlll
come out of our reflection and take up, not the
group activism of the Slxtlel, but the role of
Sisyphus. For Slayphua la the embodiment of the
simple human condition u he aoaln and aoain
puahea hla rock uphill.
•
The myth aaya It beat once the cultural rolel
have been discarded, and that 1, what the last 20
yeara have done to 111ol ua. We have loat our
lllualon of cultural uniqueness and have to accept
almply getting Of) With our "-·
pu1hlng that
goddamn rock uphlll IVlf'Y day and ~ year.
But u the Sevwttlea allp a-y from u, and we
• lotlow the roll of time back down the hlll to
begin again In the Eighties, WI can PIUN, ..
Camus said Slayphua would, to contemplate the
absurdity of what we are doing. Camu1 would tell
us not to despair, though. We muat. as he lald,
Imagine Slayphue nappy.
4
60's=WINO UNDER A BRIDGE
By Gilbert G. Salcedo
The developmental cycle of American
culture in the course of a typical decade
reminds me of a wino's progress on a
good day. In both cases, we can observe
the characteristic pattern of careless
euphoria followed by self-"8tisfaction,
complacency, self-indulgence, failure of
nerve, dissipation and retreat from the
rigors of modern life. Every generation
of us, like every wino, is prone to look
back in wistful regret to some Golden
Moment of the recent past when, we
suppose, things were much better, life
more exciting and wonderful, than the
dull present. This nostalgic fallacy leads
the wino back to the bottle, u soon u
he has recovered from his latest binge,
and leads American society to adopt the
Wino Two-Step: one step backward for
every step forward in a movement as
certain as the movement of the planets
through space. Despite this evidence,
moat of us cling affectionately to the
notion that social progress and the perfection of man are inevitable and that
everything always tends to get better if
you just give it time.
I see the wino on the morning of his
lucky day. He awakes from bis drunken
stupor, scratches himself and spits to
the side, shaking his bead to dispel the
mental fog of the night before. He st.ands
up, stretches, and walka out from under
the bridge and mto the sunlight. He puts
the fingers of one ht.nd to the side of his
nose u he empties first one nostril. then
the other, onto the ground. Wiping hi.a
hand on the back of his coat, he stoops
down to pick up the bottle he drained
the night before, and drawing himself up
in dignity he pauses in poignant reflection. How sad. But OK while it lasted.
Perhaps the new day will fetch better
fortune. Maybe he can con somebody for
enough change to get just a small bottle
of Tokay. That's not asking much and,
with a bit of luck, things will look up. At
least it always seems that way. Arid the
longer the wino thinks about it the more
this innocent expectation usumes the
weight of a self-evident truth.
To see this developmental cycle at
work in the culture at large, et>nsiderthe
history of that Golden Decade, the
1960's. They began, in apirit, with the
inaugural remarks of Preaident-elect
John Fitzgerald Kennedy, poet Robert
Frost and others, who expressed the
liberal hopes and expectation, of idealistic youth in all times and places. I wu
18 yeara old, an egotistical adolescent,
and, like most of my contemporaries,
preoccupied with private life in the
innocent style of the 1950's: Tbe American Dream and the faithful expectations
that the new age would bring the
precious dawn of enlightenment to the
American people, guided by the bright
and earnest young minds of my own
generation. At the same time, being a
member of my generation, I wu angry
with the United St.ates for it.I Send-int.he-Marines foreign policy in Latin
America, Southeast Asia and the Congo.
Similarly, being a Mexlcao kid who grew
up in soutbweat Los Angele, in the
1950's, I was angry with the United
States for having taken over half the
territory of the Republic of Mexico
in 1848.
The naive mentality of the 1960's
ended abruptly in the autumn of 1968
when the President of the United States
was shot to death on the atreets of a
frontier outpost in Eut Texu. There
ended the idyll of youthful illusions. It
suddenly became grimly clear that the
other side, the right-wing opposition to
social reform, was prepared to go to
extreme lengths to prevent significant
soc).1 change. I still wore my black-andwhite peace button on the lapel of my
war-surplus U.S. Army field jacket but
my hopes for genuine and lasting social
progress were now tempered. Despite
Elbie Jay's folksy assurances to the
contrary, this was the lesson I learned
from the violent and bloody end of John
Fitzgerald Kennedy.
That same autumn, in October I think
it was, I went with some friends to a folk
song concert in the outdoor amphitheater
of the Hollywood Bowl. The name of
Joan Baez was on the marquee. In the
middle of the concert. really unexpectedly, an unknown young cowboy walked
onto the atage, up to the microphone,
and began the finest and most incredible
combination of acoustic guitar and blues
harmonica I had ever heard. With vocaJa.
His name wu Bob Dylan. I wu inspired.
I went home after the concert and began
playing my uncle's guitar. Not very good
at first. There were probably thousands
of angry guitar-poets in my generation.
The music industry and the press called
this music Protest Songs. Young people
sang protest songs at civil right,
marchea and university demonstrations.
In 1964 Joan Baez led studenta in alnging
We Shall Overcome during the occupation of Sproul Hall at the University of
California at Berkeley by members of
the Free Speech Movement.
In the spring of 1964 I overheard a
self-consciously loud conversation in my
Speech class, sitting in the back, just
before the instructor arrived:
1st student: "Hey, Damian, how wu
your tripT'
2nd student: "Great."
ht student: "Where did you go?"
2nd student: "Nowhere."
Then they both laughed, joined by
some other people. I was never terribly
quick as a young man and was slow to
pick up on what was happening. It took
me some time to figure out how it is that
one can take a trip and not go anywhere.
The Grand Age of LSD bad begun to
illuminate the brain cells of my generation in the hip middle-class youth culture
of·West Los Angeles. A short time later
Damian confided the close call he had
when observed by police aboard a city
bus. Damian said he had with him a
small suitcase packed with weed and
that he was kind of worried but that be
got off the bus at the next stop and wu
not followed, much to his relief. It
sounded very dramatic but I was puuled
u to why he was e&rryu\g weeds about
town in a suitcase, though I did not
inquire for fear of sounding stupid and
out of it. But before long I too understood the significance of a suitcase full
of weed.
In the summer of 1964 the intrepid
American naval presence off the coaat of
Vietnam was rudely interrupted by a
sneu attack, so our leaders alleged, in
the Gulf of Tonkin. This faked incident.
the Pearl Harbor of my generation, gave
the United States government sufficient
provocation to honestly confess the true
identity of the so-called American "advisors" in South Vietnam. As moet thinking persons already knew or suspected,
our advisors to the South Vietnamese
Army were actually U.S. Army troops,
far greater in number than previously
made public. and hotly engaged in fullscale air and ground war againat the
communist North Vietnamese. At the
time I wu driving north through Utah
and Wyoming and was somewhere near
the st.ate line as the announcer on the
car radio talked calmly about the attack
against American naval vessels in the
Tonkin Gulf. As I wlltched the road and
half-listened to the radio I began to
realize that the glorious American
Empire was about to treat It.a tired
subjects to another round of the cavalryand-Indians epic in an effort to save the
appearances by holding onto a shabby
wardrobe, now pieced in manv oi..rTwo year, before, I had read for the
first time the 1930's novel by Eric Maria
Remarque, All Quiet oa the w...-.
Front. about German youth in Flanders,
in the trenches of the F.irst Wodd WaU".
·1
was not about to let the same meaning-
less end be mine. That fall semeater the
military draft was no longer a dead
letter for me and my friends. I applied
for student deferral to prevent recluaification to draft status. At the time
I had begun to regard life as sufficiently
absurd without thi1 lateat interruption.
What with leaving home, going to school.
working, having a girl friend and meet,.
ing my good buddy in all-night coffee
1hops in the wee houn of the morning to
talk about our poetry and our travels, I
figured I had enough entertainment
going without Uncle Sam's generosity.
Still, I reflected, it wu kind of him to
think of me in this, the finest hour of
the empire.
Apart from the feeling of desperation
and disbelief experienced by me and my
coevals in the mid-1960's, apart from the
on-going tension and the feeling of a
crisis in our deatiny arbitrarily dictated
by corrupt and incompetent leaders, an
unprecedented wave of economic affluence swept the country: plenty of money
available thanks to war induatries and
government contracts, hot employment
prospect.a for college graduates (Go into
real est.ate, my lad, you'll never regret
it.") and, among the established classes
of society, a smug optimism qualified
only by the scandalous presence of disgru n tled student demonstrators who
protested being de-humanized by universities and governments, who marched
down public atreets and around college
~mpuses to denounce the war.
Two developments coincided in the
mid-1960'r. the coming of the war and
the coming of age of American university
students. People on college campuses
around the country began to mi.abehave
with a mood o( moral seriouaneu that
implied a clear indictment of the bland
assumptiona of the 1960'1. Newly aanctioned by a growing and Influential eegment of the middle clus were hallucinogenic intoxicant.I like peyote, mescali.n
and marijuana plus a number of chemically synthesized pills and potions.
Amen~ -.fflvent-youttr, p!rarmaceutical
knowledge and political radicalism be-
'
came the dominant new cultural motif.
Among people seriously committed to
political action against arbitrary government, the old methods of peaceful
marches and picketing against the war,
or in favor of rt.cial integration and civil
rights, fell into disfavor and became a
quaint liberal conceit. For the new
radicals, like the Weathermen, nothing
short of underground
struggle and
armed resistance would suffice.
As for myself, I marched with my
trusty picket in the April Mobilization in
San Franciseo, in the spring of 1967, and
was in several demonstrations on my
college campus in San Jose. At one large
demonstration we were dispersed by
police in riot formation. People wen
getting arre1ted and dragged away to
police cars. Squads of plainclothesmen
chased small groups of student.I acrou
the campus. In the main gathel'ing areas
of campus the police fired tear gaa.
About that time a brief flirtation with
the hippie culture convinced me that the
flower-<:hildmovement was a noble and
nut.leas gesture but nothing more. The
Mahari Ji never converted me but the
bloody collapse of the liberal wing of the·
Democratic Party in Chicago in 1968,
beaten, pursued and arrested by the
guardians of public virtue, made it clear
to me that the lofty hopes for a mcx-ally
revived and vigorous America which bad
been so eloquently voiced in John F.
Kennedy's electoral campaign speeches
and Inaugural Address in 1960-1961were
now up against the wall and maybe
walking the plank for a long time to
come. The ominoua triumph of Richard
M. Nixon's "Silent Americans" mystique
was handwriting
on the wall for
the 1970's.
The 1960'1 were a time of idealistic
expectations of the future, followed by
dashed hopes, universal disilluaionmeot,
disappointment and discontent. Some
opted for withdrawal to private life,
others joined the underground resistance
or left to other parts of the world, llil1
others joined commune• in the city or in
the CJOUnt.ry.'Fbere ,vn the apoealyptlc•
realization that if we blow it on this
planet we may find ourselvea at the end
(. lass of I 97 I
6
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Your choice of style of potatoes
or the road with no technological alva•
tion in sight. Everyone experiencedaome
meuure of chaos, disruption and un•
certainty,
sometimes coupled with
commitment to the cause or social
reform. In 1960 I graduated from high
school with little experience of the world
but full of fondly cherished notions about
it. At the end of that decade I wu push•
ing thirty and wondering how it bad all
gone by so fast. Still, I had no desire for
an instant replay. I made the mOlt of
that particular vintage and when it wu
gone I bad no regreta. The beat memories were of the time before 1963. But
then that wu the 1960'a.
I began this story with the sketch ma
wino'• progress on a good day. He find.a
a wallet with two bucks in it and IODle
other paper which be throws away.
Astounded by his luck, be 1tuff1 the cub
into his coat pocket. on the inaide,
c:roeaesthe street to a 1mall market on
the corner where be buys two IDll.l1
bottles of bis uaual and, to celebrate his
just reward (two bucks) and the roey
prospect of Benevolent Destiny, a IDll.l1
bottle of Thunderbird. Sober now, and
firm of purpoae, for the moment. be
walks out or the store with bis change in
bis pocket like any good citizen c:l the
town. back along the road to the bridge
where he spent the night before.
Convinced or his virtue and of the
notable progress he has made on this
extraordinary day, be aita down in the
shade, takes off his hat and opens the
Thunderbird. As he takes the first pull
he reflects gratefully upon the reuair•
ing cycle of eternal recurrence which bu
made his life possible and, briefly, enjoyable. The wino's progress illuatrata for
us the following Law of Energy or
Cosmic Maxim: Thinp do tend gradually
to WI apart and, like Humpty-Dumpty,
all th& ,King's Horae1 and all the Kq'1
Men cannot put them together again.
Yet that is nothing t.o mourn becau.ee.in
the long run, everything comes beclt
together again. The noetaJgie remembrance of yesterday's drunk is consolation for the bitter ditguat of the mcrn•
ing and the anticipation of the next
drunk helps assuage the creeping awareness of spiritual collapae.
The fallacy· of the wino's sentimental
nostalgia finds a much larger reflection
in our cultural predilection for crowning
a put decade with the misty halo of a
Golden Age. Doing ao helps us to suppose that, however apathetic and dull
the present may be, the beat of what is
put will recur in a resplendent and
redeemed future. The wino's progreaa is
oura and his luck our own. As he comfortably and quietJy passes out under the
bridge, we are left with the solemn
reflection that, after all, when a man
doesn't even know where the next soothing drink is coming Crom, he may u well
drink to himself.
7
Virgin Eve
By Mary Young
God had died. Virginity was busted.
Marriage, family, home, job, college:
gone, rubble, all gone. There was no
ground to plant feet ftrmJy on. The road
to happiness washed out last year in
the monsoon ....
Bred in a private C,.tholic girl', school,
I came out in the spring of 1971, as I put
it then, "totally unprepared for the
real world."
Freshman year, Sister Maggie told a
claasful of atraight-backed-knees-t.ogetherhanda-folded-on-the-deak-in-front-of-you
girls to ■ever wear pa~nt leather shoes
and to alway• put .the Seattle phone
book on a boy's lap beforf sitting there.
A civil rights show on channel 9 wu
shown fifth period, but I skipped out of
that class, to wander in the park acting
looney with girlfriends.
Sophomore year we collecCedcans and
prayers for our boys in Vietnam. Sister
Kathy cried most of that year because
her brother was in jail for conscientious
objection. There was a protest ·march
down the freeway, with naked peop~
blocking ttaffi~ for miles. Over -the loudspeaker, in honiel-oom, we were told,
those of us with great conscience and
who wanted to get out early, to go
downtown that afte.rnoon in proper
uniform to show Catholic support for the
arriving Bobby Kennedy. It was an awful
hullaballoo and took great effort t-0 get
near Bobby to flub our blue plaid support. I remember his hand1hue wu
doughy and it didn't seem to me he pve
two hoots about our support. Bobby wu
shot to death a few days later. That year
I cut my long hair off and frosted it light
blonde just for the heck of it.
Junior year, the girl who sat behind
me in the homeroom and who wore a
fringed leather jacket instead of her
blazer, got pregnant and married. The
registrar nun ran off and married a man
with five children. Those two were there
one day and gone the next: disappeared,
vanished. No question, answered. A
certain straight arrow and known rowdy
both showed up one day wearing telltale
turtlenecks to hide hickeys. In chemistry
class, a Sister revealed to us confidentially that she had sexual desires for
men: And when I borrowed her Creme
Frost lipsti~. I found a packet of birth
control pilJs in my friend'• purse. We
. never spoke of it to one another, but it
was great fun imagining nuna "doing it."
Senior year, a hippie nun (who didn't
wear a habit) smuggled a Mrs. Som&body in from Planned Parenthood. In the
middle of the rubbers and past the pill
we got raided by Siater Superior. Some
real married people came to Contemporary World Problems clan to enlighten
us to the important facta about married
life (fie on you O'NeiU's) like "Bill never
puts the lid back on the toothpaste tube
and it drives me crazy."
I wu chairman of the prom committee
"We've only just begun .... " I learned
how to choke down a cigarette and drink
beer. On ,radu.tlon day, May 1911, I, in
my white cap and gown with the brilliant
red tassle, white cotton pique, mini,
princess-waist dress, white sandals, and
long-again brown hair, saw some friends
passing marijuana among themselves
just before the processional. A few
•months before, an angry molotov cocktail
blew up our lunchroom. It waa great! We
got to go to Dick's for burgers for a
month.
While Vietnam, acid & grass, civil
rights, women's rights, gay rights. open
marriage, group sex, free love, HaightAshbury, draft card burning, Buddhist
monk burning, assassination,
street
dealers, political wheeler dealers, long
hair, bare feet, abortion, the pill, Janis
Joplin, Jimi Hendrix, sit-ins, be-ins, tear
gas, Nixon, Ho Chi Minh, machine guns
on campus, off the pig, fuck -1,
Hare
Krishna, Black Panthers, and babies
named God Hd Scorpio gyrated around
the country,·! bad, however, "sheltered"
my childhood and my adolescence. No. I
was not prepared to live in a world that
openly fornicated with chaos.
I picked my way through the bombedout ruins of the 70s left, steaming and
smoking, by the children of the post•
WW1I baby boom-the love children of
the 60s-becau1e
mat-riage, family,
religion, education, and career were
drilled into the marrow of my bones, the
red con,usclea of DlY blood.
I knew nothing on that virl{inal eve of
graduation, and I had everyth~g. God
help the children of the 70a who knew
everything and have nothing.
8
Beginning with Earth Day
By Jeff Severinghaua
"Keep It Green," "Spaceship Earth,"
"(Jive a Hoot,-Don't Pollute:· Kemember
those old slogans? The Seventiea 1tand
as a decade of environmentalilm, a time
that marked the fint mauive citizen
concern about the air we breath, the
water we drink, and the earth we inhabit. These yean alao saw many conservation victories in Congreu, the
White House, and on down to the community level.
Unfortunately, just in the lut aix
months or so we have aeen the courta
and government changing their attitude
toward the environment, u receuion
looms and the pricea at the pumpe
Now we face priorities, we are
between the environment and eeo
and energy concerna. The recent d
to flood the Tellico Valley in Ten.neuee,
once halted because of the endan,ered
snail-darter, is one example of a land~ decial
e early 70'1 being
~
•
wit&
?real~ a.ii.a'~
tion.
Board,
tape" an
coal. oil.
existence.
nately, bu
•
government '9Dd
througholh u..:,r..
But whe~dWl\
60'1 many e
their gea '
nationwide
with demOD1,r.1t1ia-.
ins" and a fe
silt.en in the an
paigna of e
I
---- ◄td
While feellnga for threatened wildlife
ran high, It became clear that we ouraelves are no leu affected by our environment and the wutes and additives we
put into it. Throughout the decade,
dozens of common chemicall found in our
everyday lives were declared toxic or
carcinogenic,
including cyclamatea,
aa~eato• fibera, and the herbicide
2. 4, 5-T, found to cause birth defects
Induatrial pollutantl alao managedto
get into our fooda. The virtual deatruetion of Great Lakes fiahing by eutrophication wu heightened by the diacovery
of PCB'• (a common induatrial ~nt,
and carcinogen) in many flab. The tale of
1 continues today, with the prenkagiving deatruction
of 7 ,000
ens near Tacoma, found
have
.
a1ettf
~
n Uie br1ght aide, fiahing hNt Great
the off
rile~
•
or~sp
many
Perer la
u-of
the
th.
~uentl
~ iiifl awareenergy
of
e
lonp[n,Wl:
waterl.,
Tbere9a
·•
ronment ~ ~ be
..
with amog
~dra\Utjc;
W
like the Cayuh4'.Klver ~ii(~_
contributing to th ;grc,wiN' ~
Environmental group--. ••ll•cl
Ui•
ranks prodigiou1ly. Th~•
c...- -Thia. however,
grew from 20,000 memben in 19G8 to
article.
160,000 in um. Many new groupe we#.
Many apedM of
were thrut-born, 1uch u Friendl of the Earth and
ened
with
e:irtiDetion.
the great
the Wilderneu Society. Thne became .
whales whic:b are
« the mo.t
increulngly involved in lobbying, able
part, in procludag
and pet food.
with their growing member1hip1 to
Public alarm gNtW
iateW,.nt
apply more preuure in Congreu.
anlmala
reached
new
population.
i Out of thla ferment roee the National
and preaaure wu
to bear on
Environmental
Polley Act (NEPA),
Japan
and
Ruaala.
the
counestablilhing the Environmental Protec,tries atill wballng. G
a group
tion Agency (EPA) u a watcbdot on
beat known for ph
thempolluten and requiring an Envirolllllental
Hlvea between the
ale• and the
Impact Report (EIR) on all new
wbalen. wu founded. Porpoiaea were
construction.
being accidentally caught ln tuna flaberThe environmental momentum kept
growing and re1ulted in more landmark men'• new. and a largely 11ucceaafultuna
boycott emerged to force ftahermen to
actions in Congreu: The Clean Air Act.
.alter their ways.
and the dumping of the propoeed Super-
Legislating the Sun
mu.._
Not too long ago. solar was viewed u
a far-fetched idea being pushed by
people who ate granola and read Mother
Eartlt New,. That wu until 1973-74,
when the nation experienced the shock
that the days of "cheap and eecure" oiJ
were over. As the authors of F.aa.,.
Fatare1, a Harvard bueineas school '
study on energy, put it; "The oil crisis of
'73-'74 constituted a turning point in
postwar history, delivering a powerful
economic and political 1hock to the
entire world.
As fuel costs eoared, solar energy
became a new "source" of energy to be
explored. But the fact is, solar energy
has been around for ages. In fact, there
were thousands of bot water collect.an
in Florida and southern California during
the 20s and 80s. Solar faded with the age
of cheap foesil energy only to re-emerge
in the 70s as a significant energy source.
For two decades (1950-1970), support
for research and use of solar energy
averaged only $100,000 per year. Moet
of this came from the National Science
Foundation (NSF) rather than from the
government agencies concerned with
energy development.
The prime force, though, for our
current basic solar leglalation and policy
hu come from Cvngreu. Two of the
substantial pieces of solar leglalation are
the Solar Heating and Cooling Demoostra tion Act of 1974 and the Solar
Energy Research, Development and
Demonstration Act of 1974. The latter
was designed to "pursue a vigorous and
viable program of research and resource
assessment of solar energy u a major
sour.ce of energy for our national needs"
u well u to demonstrate solar energy.
The third major 1tatement of policy in
'74 came in the form of the Non-Nuclear
Energy Research and Development Act
of 1974. It basically says that Congress
will develop and support "the broadest
range of energy policy options" through
conservation and through sources that
"are socially and environmentally acceptable means." These three bills were
-significant
.
. because
. they
. addressed Ion-
.
-~
~::;:~:;,:,;lop\lleea
enrae~
~
-
~
By Conrad Driscoll
will be
ma
in the arid
est where mo.t oil
n~
ftuion, once dubbed
"clean ener ," offer a aound alternative
ln the wake of the Tbl"ee Mile laland
accident and the ruing eoeta. Al we
, enter the 80's, energy will certainly become the biggest challenge our aociety
facea.
The 70'• were characterised by many
problema. but alao by many major atepe
forward ln preaerving what la important
to ua. In no other decade have we 1Mn
10 many changes in government'• attitude towarda the environment. nor in
the increued awareneu of the individual. Moat importantly, we have learned
that the average citizen can make a
difference in the decisiona that affect ue
directly-we cu fight city hall!
..
ger range problems and laid the groundwork for further legislation.
No major solar laws were passed in
1975 by Congress, but solar appropriations continued to increase through
President Ford's Energy Research &
Devel'lpment Administration (ERDA).
Some very odd things were happening to
solar research under ERDA, though.
Each 7ear that Congress allocated money
for solar research to ERDA (now head of
solar research), ERDA turned down
portions of the money saying it wasn't
needed. By 1976 solar, supposedly, had
the same priority as the Cast breeder
nuclear program as well as the fusion
program.
The 1977 National Energy Act. President Carter's "war on energy" muter
plan, introduced some good leglalation,
like tax credits for installing solar, but
falled to lay out the long-range plans br
a solar transition. It was effective in
bringing aolar in the energy spotlight
and helping get the ball rolHng for many
businesses. The National Energy Act.
though, lacked the impetus to achieve
the goaJ of 2.5 million solar homes by
1985, because it failed to overcome the
market problems facing solar ene~gy.
In June of 1979, President Cart.er
announced his much heralded "National
Solar Strategy." It aimed at fu1filling
20% of the country's energy needs with
renewable energy by the year 2000 but
o!fered little to accomplish this g~I. rt
did, for the first time, recognize the
potential for passive solar heating and
proposed a "Solar Bank" to make loans
for solar systems. The bank was tied to
a "Windfall profits tax" on the industry's
deregulated oiJ. This has yet to pass.
Carter's administrati9n has been eager
to promote solar. The administration has
been saying that solar energy and other
renewables must take a priority, but at
the same time, has continued to cut solar
energy funding short of stated goals.
Also under the Carter administration
was the formation of the Department of
Energy (DOE) under the Department of
Energy Organization Act of 1977. The
DOE consolidated the alphabet soup of
energy administrations of the past six
years: the FEA, the FEO, ERDA, etc.
The problems between DOE and solar
have been numerous. With a number of
mandates to enact solar projects and to
structure a solar transition, DOE has
shuffled along with little commitment to
malting solar accessible to the general
public. The DOE has taken the same
attitude towards solar as towards other
high tech projects, such as the breeder
program: that solar can't possibly work
on a small scale. A case in point is the
solar "tower of power" in Nevada which
is a centralized solar station to generate
electricity, which costs millions.
Congress has also taken this attitude
i~ their f.undin~ for solar projects. They
view proJects like giant ammonia plants
floating on the oceans and a NASA
aeros~ace ind~stry idea of a huge solar
satellite beaming microwaves to earth as
the only appropriate areas of solar
research. Congress cannot be accused of
b:9ing inactive concerning solar legislation, though. There were 60 solar-related
bills submitted during the second session
of the 95th Congress, often with redundant aims. Often these bill, were uncoordinated. Often politics was more
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
WORD OF N\OUTH BOOKS
235 Otvislon (around the comer from Pel11<son·1Foodtown)
352-0702
is under new ownerahip. We have added many new general and
children's books.
Holiday hours through Christmas
Mon. & Fri. 10 a.m.-8 p.m.
Tues., Wed., Thurs. 10 a.mAi p.m.
Sat. 10 a.m.-5 p.m.
Closed Sunday
I
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·=
9
10
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predominant than passage of a good
solar bill. So far, Congress has passed a
total of 27 separate solar-energy billa
since 1970.
Many of those bills dealt directly with
funding solar energy. Solar is now the
third largest energy technology, as far
as funding goes. Nuclear power still
dominates, with over a billion dollars for
1979, with fossil fuels receiving $800
million. Solar energy received $513
million for '79.
This money can tell a great deal about
the Federal energy budget. Nuclear
power, ever since its conception as a
commercial power source, has received
massive federal support. This can be also
seen in the fossil fuels area which represents the built of non-renewable sources
(oil, coal, etc.). Many multinationals are
deeply entrenched in these sources of
energy. An ominous sign for the future
of solar is that these same corporations
are starting to control the solar field. An
example is that 8 out of 9 small companies doing research in photovoltaica
(solar cells) are owned by oil companies.
Solar energy has been a definite
phenomenon of the 70s-totally unique ln
its evolution. It is closely tied to environ-
11
mentali.9m but its uniqueness lies in it.a
potential to change a key part of our
society. Energy and the environment
could become a major confrontation ol
the 80s and solar will be a way to
alleviate some of that tension. Unfortun-
BICYCLEBOOM AND BEYOND
"It might not be too
Imagine slurping a gallon of gu and
then taking a spin on your bicycle. With
the energy contained In the precious
fossil fuel. you could travel over 600
miles. Put the same gallon in a ga.
gulping, air-fouling obnoxiously noisy
and groesly heavy auto, and you can
drive about 20 miles.
I don't recommend drinking gasoline,
since the human body functions quite
differently than the internal comb~tion
engine. The point is that a person on a
bicycle uses energy 27 times more
efficiently than the motor in a car. In
fact, the only more efficient conversion
of energy into motion is the flight of
birch.
People began to perceive the limits of
energy sources in the 70a. Due to the
rising coet of fuel. and rising environmental awareness, efficiency became a
key factor in consumption. The gluttonous American dream-mobile would aoon
be running on empty.
Wide1pread panic gripped the streets
during the tint gu crunch in 1978. In
their temporary madneu, Americans
started buying bicycle1. Sales doubled ln
1973-74. When the nature of the economlc joke the oil companie1 were playing became apparent., relieved Americans
willing to pay any price for prosperity,
Mttled back into their can. Bicycle aa1el
dropped, and are currently well below
the peak reached in 1974.
The two years of bicycle mania revolutionized the industry, in Ameriu. The
average bicyclilt now knew all about
light-weight frame1, alloyed rims, and
gear ratloa. A viable form of tran1portation for years in other parts of the
world, pedal-power finally accounted for
aome portion of transportation i.nthe U.S.
The portion, though, is ,mall. On an
average weekday at Evergreen, the
parking lot hu at least 1000 car1 In iL
Conceivably, every person commuting to
campUI could ride In a car every day.
The reuon for the di1proportion
lflflma to be the American ob1ession with
luxury and speed. In a car, a penon can
. sit in a relaxed position and zip along six
timfll u fut u a bicycle, oblivioUI to the
poi.son 1pewing from the tailpipe. The
car providea a feeling of power, and even
mellow Greeners become intoxicated
with the power. They curse the bicycles
which crawl along, taking up preciOUI
road space and forcing the driver,
heaven forbid, to 1low dow■. Their
reaction is venomous; "That person mu.st
want to be a hood ornament."
In spite of the motorists' animoeity
toward anyone trying to move around
under their own power, touring the
roads of America gained popularity ln
By Tim Nogler
late to convert to a
solar based society,
indeed world ... "
ately, resources and energy are required
to start us down the road to a solar
America. As solar energy advocate
Amory Lovins says, "It might be too late
to convert to a solar-based society,
indeed world, around the year 2025. We
need to start the transition now."
-
l
the 701. In the summer of 76, over 4000
cyclists toured portions of the "Bikeeentennial" route. The route stretched from
Aatoria, Oregon to D.C., and passed
through 14 states, moetly along secondary roads.
Recently touring popularity, like sales,
has waned. (The diplomatic doctors in
D.C. have performed C.P.R. on the
nation's heart and the black blood again
courses through the country's economlc
veins.) My cohorts and I toured the
bikecentennial is "77, and in 5000 miles
saw a total of one dozen other cyclists.
All along the route people were surprised to see us, as if we were too late.
"You should have been here last year-."
Is touring a pauing fad? In my opinion. cycling isn't a (ad. Rather, it is an
optimum means of travel: (The redwinged blackbirds concur with me. They
will Dy alongaide me, chirping to beat
the band u I roll noiselessly along. They
think I'm Oyin1r.)
Motorists, however, will not yield the
roads. In Culpepper, Virginia, a young
woman leaned out the window of her
mother's car and yelled the anti-bicycliat
credo, "Get the hell off the road!" and hit
me with her purse. Traffic wu 1low and
heavy. I managed to catch up with my
assailants and convince them to pull over
for a little tallt. In the midst of our
argument, I called the police. The officer
thought the entire incident wu trivial,
and that no one could possibly have hit
me with a purse. Before he left, though,
he said, "Bicycles have as much right to
the road as cars."
Competing with cars on a bicycle is
dangerous. The motivatio~ for cycling
must be more than needing a way to get
around. Recreational value accounts fOl'
some of the additional impetus. In my:
opinion, the remaining factor of motivation occurs from a desire to be unorthodox. to challenge the •1•tem. By compel·
ing with the car, bicycling became a
form of protest in the 70s.
John Calambokidis, veteran tourist
and Evergreen alumnus, toured parts of
Africa in 1972, seeking adventure. He
experienced a culture shock. "I saw so
many incredibly poor people .... " Bicycling formed a link with the natives.
Since John had to work hard for every
mile, they viewed him differently from
other travellers. "They thought l wu
crazy, but they could relate to me." "Go'
by bicycle," John says, "if you want to
feel good about youneU."
WOIUt FO& THE CPJ
Almia&e F.AIII.- Regularly write.
articlN covering camp111 new• and
iuuea. Worb with wrtten and edita
~He!J-',a111lla.Lovt-~~
iBii"
rt~
la production funetlon of the Cooper Point
J oumal. ResponafbWU. indude pluninr and performiq tar-out. bu.ildlnc
ads, pneral artwork. and eome photo
.mr.L. .
Art Dlru&1r Reeponalble for dealplng and oveneelq tar-out. obtahalnc
pbotol. and 1NU11that all plloto
reproduet.ioa ii done. Alao in dlarp
of ad coutrucdon and tar-out. Tbla
poait1onwill pouibly be ,hared witll
the. ~Dt
Art Dfred«.
All poeiUom run tJaroqll Sprtng
quartar. The rate of Jlla1la SS.24 all
hour for a 16-hoar week.
Submit lett.en of applieadon aad
renme to Larry SdlfweU. Editor,
CPJ office (lat Door CABt by 0.
cember 1'.
12
- s-rA&FL-A-r-loN -
The State of Economics and
By Thom Richardson
and Pam Dusenberry
The political economy of the 1970s is
an appropriate topic for a multi-volume
magnum opus, one's seminal contribution
to the intellectual heritage of humankind.
To attempt to cover everything in an
article of this type would be, to put it
nicely, absurd. Our scope, then, is cover•
'age of the high points, the most basic
?vents and trends.
Possibly the most important trend of
the last ten years is the decline in real
standards of living for the great majority
of Americans. lo fact, this decade marks
the only such decline in American hi&tory, with the huge exception of the
Great Depression. Wages have gone up,
as they have throughout this century.
But prices have gone up faster in
the 1970s.
A dollar simply does not go aa far
today as it did ten years ago. Prices
have approximately doubled. Inflation
the likes of which we see today (at lea.st
13.8 percent this year) is unprecedented
in American history, save for short
periods after wars. It is structural now,
an inherent characteristic of the way our
economy functions, no longer the consequence of uncontrollable external forces.
In the past, orthodox economists
believed inflation was caused by consumers demanding more than the market
could or would provide. It is a basic law
of economics that if more goods are
desired than are available, then the
prices of those goods rise.
Largely ignored by these bastions of
orthodoxy was the control over prices
that very large monopolist corporations
have gradually attained. Since monopc>
lies or near monopolies are not subject.
to the same competitive pressures that
capitalism is predicated on, they can
control the prices of their goods. So
when the economy is depressed, and
investment, production, and most importantly, wages, are down, corporations
can keep their prices up. Our friends in
Detroit are the perfect example: automobile prices have naturally risen in
every prosperous period, yet does anyone remember cars becoming cheaper
during any of the three recent receuio.na?
In fact, recessions themselves are
somewhat peculiar to the 1970s. During
the 1960s, economists believed that the
economic tools they had surreptitiously
acquired from the theories of J. M.
Keynes would allow them to "fine tune"
the economy, avoiding pitfalls like reeeasions, unemployment or inflation. And
the 60s seemed to confirm their confidence; they were ten years of largely
uninterrupted growth.
The euphoria evaporated abrupUy in
1971 as we entered the first cyclical
downturn since Eisenhower. Nixon's
election-year recovery wu followed in
1973-74by the worst dip since the 1980s;
some economists have in fact termed it a
depres■ion. And now the newapJpen
daily herald the third in this series
of crunches.
Stacflatioa
Stagflation is the result of such concommitant recessions and corporate price
control. Defined as a simultaneous rise in
prices (inflation) and unemployment,
stagflation cannot be explained within
orthodox economies. Theoretically, it is
impossible. Keynesians traditionally saw
a trade-off between the two: policies
designlkl to ameliorate inflation exacerbated • unemployment and vice versa.
Now those same policies are aggravating
both inflation and unemploymenL
The federal government wu used" to
spending mON! than it made in taxes
(deficit spending) to cut unemployment
and stagnation. This "priming of the
pump" stimulated price increases that
would refuse to disappear.
Tile Gold Standard
In addition to our first recession in 18
years. the early 70s saw Nixon take the
dollar off the gold standard. Few of
tricky Dick's acts would have greater
long-term ramifications than that unilateral move.
The U.S. dollar bu been the trading
world's most important currency aince
the famed Bret.ton Woods confeN1nce at
the end of WWII. There the U.S. pushed
for, and achieved, an international
monetary system centered on the American currency. The dollar became "u
good u gold." Every nation wu to know
that the dollar could at any time be
converted to gold at the fixed rate of
$85 an ounce. Designed to instill COD·
fidenee in the dollar, this move encouraged other countries to e:a:change our
currency in place of gold. To this day,
moat oil-producing nations accept payment for their exports only in dollar&
By the early 70.. however, America
had paid for so much of ita import■ in
dollars rather than gold that the rest of
the world held much more of our eul'rency than we bad gold to back itr-by
more than a factor of tent Such a greatly
expanded supply of dollara and a rela·
tively fixed amount of gold made the
value of the dollar hopeleuly weak.
Nixon devalued the buck first in 1971,
and broke the link betwffn it and the
yellow metal completely in 1978. 'fhia
left the dollar backed solely by the COD·
fidence of those who held them.
O.P.E.C.'1 quadrupling of oil priees
between 1972 and 1973 served to greatly
worsen the dollar "glut" overseas. And
the oil embargo triggered by the '73
Israeli-Egyptian war exacerbated inflation (and receuion) in the U.S. The
importance of the cartel itself can hardly
be overemphasized. In prompting perhaps the greatest transfer of wealth in
human history, O.P.E.C. became the
quintessential cartel, with producer■
combining to restrict output and drive
up prices.
Estimates of the combined "Eurodollar" (dollars held by other■ In the
Western trading world) and "petrodollar"
reserves range from $800 blllion to
$1 trillion and have been the subject of a
veritable plethora of articles in the
business press as well as of fictional
accounts like TIie Cr... •f "79.
The most important implication of this
glut is its impact on the value of the
almight)'._buck. The dollar's value would
plummet If all foreign holders of dollars
decided to sell them all at once. The
1929 stock market craah was caused by
most investors selling their stock at the
same time, pulling the rug out from
under their prices. Today's parallel to
that crash would be the sudden wholesale exchange of dollars for other
currencies.
The weakness of the dollar is evident
in the price of gold, which bu been the
measure of the value of a currency since
the gold standard's demise. The price of
gold, at $85/oz. before "71, has doubled
this year alone. At the time of writing
the rate is near $415 an ounce. By the
time of printing, who knows?
TrllateraUam
Per~ap~ the most important development in mternational political economic
thought during the 1970s may be the
inatallment of Trilateralism in America's
foreign policy. Concerned first and foremost with the maintenance of stability
haa decreasing means to meet them.
Special. intenst groups, especially mincritles and women, have demanded equality.
At ~he same time, military spending
continues to occupy almost 40% of the
budget. Cities like New York and Clev&
land, to name only the most obvious,
require federal subsidy to keep them out
of bankruptcy. Farmers, in addition, are
demanding renewed price subsidization.
In short, government is providing more
financial support than ever for all ~
tors of society.
Simultaneously, the state haa fewer
financial resources to tap. Taxes have
been raiaed close to their limit. Voter
initiatives like California's Proposition 13
and Washington's Initiative 62 are perfect examples. The tax revolt is real It
will only gather strength aa the government attempts to encourage economic
activity via increased expenditures or
enlarged tax loopholes.
"The stagnating American economy
needs to get the government off its
back!"exclaims the business press. Both
old conservatives, such as Reagan and
the inflation of the 70s.
13
Evergreen economist Chuck Nisbet
sees the neoconservative movement as a
force to contend with. He st:es as accurate their analysis of the results of
Keynesian "fine tuning.'' Inflation bu
gotten worse; the economy ha■ stag•
nated; the living standards of most
Americana have ceased to rise.
. The 1980s will see America's upper
mcome groups attempt to recoup their
perceived losses of the 60s and 70s.
according to Nisbet. He cites as evidence
the repeal two weeks ago of a 1976
provision that had narrowed an inheritance tax loophole.
Forecast
These, then, are the factors which
will shape the economic trends of the
80s. American economic strength is
faltering here and abroad. The dollar is
weak, and Third World countries are
~uccessfully rebelling against our political and economic domination of their
affairs. Domestically, real earnings will
continue to fall as prices and unemployment continue to rise. Demands on the
The Economics of the State
here and abroad, the philosophy of David
Commission is
now accepted at the highest levels of
governmenL Prominent busineu, labor,
and government leaders from Western
Europe, Japan and the U.S. have been
meeting periodically since 1971 in order
to iron out conflicts that harder economic
times are likely to bring. Simpler times
never demanded the existence of such an
international body. And as Third World
countries, such u Iran, continue to take
control of their own valuable resources
and use them for their own purpoees.
the role of transnational bodi.es will
~ome more widely accepted by thoee
m power.
Rockefeller'■ Trilateral
o...e.t1e Uaeaploymeat
The combination of a weaker dollar
abroad and inflation at home bu also
resulted in a weaker U.S. export environment, further worsening domestic
unemployment. Not only have large
manufacturing industries moved from
the Northeast to the "sun belt" of the
South, many have completely "run away"
from the U.S. Less developed countries
like Brazil, South Kona, and Taiwan can
offer low wages, few taxes, and politic;al
systems that are characterized u ■table
in the U.S. and u oppre■alve everywhere else. The Shah's monarchy in Iran
wu a fine example of a government
friendly to the U.S. (both governinent
and industry) and despised by thOl'le
who live there.
The FiaealCriaia of the State
The American economy. pr.eviou1ly
epitomized by an ever-expanding pie. is
now characterized by increasing demands. on a federal government which
Goldwater and the "neoconservatives."
~e Jack Kemp and Irving Kristo!, for
mstance, agree on thaL
They claim that government interference with the uninhibited pursuit of
profit is the main monkey on the system's back, and should be removed. The
right wing calls for the relaxation of
enviroJtmental and quality controls
which they blame both for the downfall
of narrowly competitive firms and for
government to increase aid to the needy,
be they low-income people, bankrupt
cities, or decaying corporations, will
increase while the tax revolt inhibits
government revenues.
Virtually all economists agree that the
American economy is in a crisis now, and
that none of their previously effective
solutions are now viable. The majority of
Americans are only beginning to realize
this, however.
1••• .,,.. ,,.,,,,,.
And Best Wishes For The New
Year
To All TESC
Faculty & Students
Evergreen
Coins
& Investments
1819 Harrlaon
352-8848
Mon. -Sat..
10-•
15
14
"I got the apolitical blues"
comics, and "Anti-Mass" became an
Evergreen. Still, Evergreen seemed a
By Ben Alexander
underground classic. Even CowsfrlaGet
far cry from reality which, as it turned
the Blau bit the best-sellers list, and the
Jackson and Kent State heralded the
out, was a car wuh in New Jersey.
writing on the wall read "100% recyclenew decade; no 21-gun salute for thi.,
(Talk about day and night!)
able,
organic, nonsexist, protein-balanced.
product of the post-war baby boom. The
While I turned Chrysler Cordobu Into
solar-powered 'New Age'." As Stewart
heroes of my youth, the familiar faces on
gleaming beauties and Frank Rizzo
Brand put it, "ideu are loose on the
TV, the most often repeated names on
turned Philadelphia into a shambles, a
West Cout," and it wu here that held
the radio while I' gn,w up were Abbie
new crisis wu brewing: nuclear power.
the most interesting vision for the
Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, and Angela
Having grown up in Vermont, home of
future, so it was here that I came.
Davis. For those of us who were breastthe nation's first operating commerdal
Well, it is almost 1980, and what has
fed on the ephemeral hope of social
nuke plant, I wu keenly aware of thia
change, this decade was one of the bighappened to the promise of the New
controversy. Ever since the incident at
Age? The Vietnamese war is over, but
gest adolescent flops in history.
Browns Ferry, nuclear power bad reStruggling through high school took
Cambodia is starving to death. While
mained an ominous spectre. In 1976,
up the first half of the 70s. Somehow, l
Steward Brand campaigns for free for
seemed sadly out of place, for the menJerry Brown, under the guise of "New
tion of underground newspapers drew
Journalism," Werner Erhardt makes
only blank stares, and no one was intermillions. Washington State, at the
ested in the ACLU Handbook of Stunorthernmost corner of Ecotopla,is turndents' Rights. Even Nixon's stunning
ing .into the world's nuclear dumpheap.
resignation in the summer of '74 was
Ken Kesey sells yoghurt. The Briaronly an excuse for a party. Every meanpatch network of hip-eapitalists ii the
ingful form of protest seemed to have
major result of the New Age movement:
been either c»<>pted or lnstitutionali.r.ed.
profits tre stealing, but only if you are a
And thus rock'n'roll, cars and social
large corporation, right? Still. all i.a not
dope-smoking formed the front-lirif'
grim-the legalize weed movement has
advanced by leaps and bounds. In fact,
of the 70s.
Promise of change in mainstream
small-time sinsimilli operations now are
America wu one legacy of the 601, yet
the backbone of H11mboltCounty's econthe early 70s showed no glimpse of
omy. "We've come a long way, baby .... "
realizing these dreams. Neil Young
Though 1 prefer the word "muddled,"
captured the trend perfectly in the
140-odd demonstraton were ~ted
at
Christopher Lasch describes the 70. u
"Revolutionary Blues," when be whined.
Seabrook, New Hampshire, and by '77,
"the culture of narciasiam," and this
"I see bloody fountains and ten million
the year I moved to Boston, thla figure
obviously has some truth, especially for
dune buggies comin' down the mountain."
had multiplied ten-fold. A new concern
the new left middle clus of America.
In early '75 I got kicked out of private
for the physical welfare of the land was
EST and Essalen are signposts on the
school for being a hippie with long hair;
sweeping the country, and the environroad to self-satisfaction, and r. OK.
obviously, I was a deluded relic of a
mentalist movement, promise of the 70a. Yoa'reOK is prai:tically a modern bible.
wu finally being taken seriously in
On the one side stands Newsweek'•
bygone era.
Shortly thereafter,
I escaped the
places other than Vermont and Oregon.
pompous trash, puaed oU as an "objeeinstitution; my degn,e wu superimpoeed
Concurrent with this trend, something
Uve" review of the decade, and on the
with a liberty bell, which wu just one
else was happening: "alternative" was other side, some of these articles in the
warning signal of the Impending buycenbecoming the catch-word for a genera·.
CPJ stand testament to the final answer
tenniaL Another caution sign wu the
Uon.F.c.tepa wu taking its effect, and
of the 70s: the personal perspective. In
rally at the North Bridge in Concord:
Co~llhidoa Qurterty and Raia MIii- another article in this iuue, the 601 are
aaiDe were filtering onto New England jikened to the life of a wino, and the 70.
there wu Gerald Ford, cartoon-face and
all; there were Secret Servicemen with
newastanda. Karl Hesa, ex-editor o...,...are represented by the wino drinking
shiny black shoes and wallde-talkiee;
Newsweek, stopped writing speeches for
only to himself (fulfilling Lasch'• dire
there were ra.nlt upon rank of ~ational
Barry Goldwater and started the Instidescription). U thi.i is truly the cue,
Guardsmen armed with batons; and
tute for Local Self-Reliance in the
Lasch has hit uncomfortably cloae to
there were tens of thousands of hecklers.
Adama•Morgan neighborhood of D.C.
home. For if the 70. are like the aelfscreaming members of the Peoples
The back•to-the-land movement flourserving wino, then so is writing about
Bicentennial Commission, attempting to
ished, as did Mother Earth News. There
what happened akin to drinking to
revive the spirit of '76: "Don't Tread on
was even an upsurge of underground
oneself.
Me." Too bad it was only a show. Jerry
•Rubin aold out at 37, and Ardlie Bunker's
humor held more than a little sour truth.
And Lowell George sang, "I got the
apolitical blues, and they'a,e the mfl&JleSl
blues of all."
•
7
What more ean be aald of the buycentennia 1? Cold, capitalist reality •••
smeared in our faca In the form of red
Sluliag
white and blue Dunkin Donuts and
- Wood Bud
placemats with the Constitution printed
Dee. 8 - S p.m.- 5 p.m.
212 W. 4th Olympia
on them. While buycentennial bicycliata
peddled acrou the country, I thumbed it
943-7668
"Ol YMPIA'SFIRSTESPRESSOBAR"
twice in both directions, and in the
process I discovered that haven called
"This decade was
one of the biggest
adolescent flops
in history."
Footprints of the American Chicken
By Gary Alan May
I came to Washington at 16, in 1970.
After four yean rd lived here longer
than anywhere else and bad become
friends with all the people who are now
my oldest friends. I have not left Wuhington for more than a week. I have
never been to California. Aa me my
history begins here, with the seventies.
11Jp8dtool
I graduated in 1971, from the "old
school"-orderly rows of orderly students in six ordered cluaea bisected by
an orderly lunch in the achoo! cafeteria:
essentially a warehouse filled with long
tables and Canteen CoQ\pany vending
machines. Sometimes we'd hold one of
the little doon open while we unwrapped
its aandwicb and Installed a cow's eye,
then rewrapped it and put it back in the
compartment. What cards we were.
Moeily, we behaved.
Three-day 1uspensiona were awarded
for bad conduct: cutting c1us, smoking,
breaking any law (the police were alerted
without hesitation), allowing male head
hair to grow beyond certain limita-the
eyebrows, "the eara and the collar. Of
course the administration bad broad
powen and suapensiona were handed out
for a wide variety of offenses. I myself
received two: once for wearing a small
American flag sewn to the cuff of my
moet auecesafully cultivated levia, once
for skipping a "rap aeaaion" on drugs and
while doing ao. leavilts tile cuapu dv·
inc edlool ho.. witlllollt a pue. My
friend Steve and I were down the street
at Woolworth's lunch counter smo}-ing
Marlboro lOO's and splitting a aixty-eent
tuna sandwich. Across the room we saw
the sadiatlc smile and hard black eyes of
the approaching Administrative Auistant.
"Want to come with me, gentlemenr
"Fuck no," we replied and off we aped.
Later our oh--so-a,eriousmothen were
told that if we hadn't run, the school
would be more inclined to be lenient,
" ... but just think; if they'd run that
way from a policeman, he might have
shot them." This then was the rationale:
PSYCH•Gil
MAT• DAT• OCAT
•
YAT• MAT
• SAT
...
NATL MED BO
l!C,IIG • FLU •
ATION
THI ,re,arallOn s.tclall
SIIICt 1931
1ntolm,1101t, l'INlt
C
206-525-161
•
"Sure we're unfair, but so is the world.
We're teaching you how to get along,
how to compromise, and you'll thank ua
for it."
At the graduation exercises I wore a
large peace sign on the top of my mortarboard; my friend Richard wore a largelettered AMOR-FATI on the top of his.
They were ripped from our beach u we
stood in the entrance line. Circumstances
provided me with another, smaller peace
sign and I attached it to my cap during
the opening prayer. It wu perhaps the
smallest peace demonstration of the
seventies. Leaving, I ahook my father's
hand for the fint time. At the 11enior
party later that night I took my first
overdose of methadrine and wu nursed
by a person that I love more than any
Votlq
I first voted at nineteen, in 1972.
Nixon-McGovern. November third, my
birthday, in the Ponders Community
Church, (razed in '75 to erect a lawnmower repair shop). Surrounded by
Christian propaganda and knowing all
the while that it was bopeleu, I cast my
vote for George McGovern. On the wall
near the voting booth (which looked
more than anything like a take-your-ownphoto booth) wu a typical tboughtfeeder: "We either serve God or Satan."
At the time, this seemed particularly apt.
Later that night I called my dear
friend to tell her that the dream was
dead; she couldn't bear me because
someone was in the garage breaking all
the windows with h!3 fiat. When George
made bis good-sported speech I noticed
that he had shaved one of hia sideburns
much shorter than the other.
In 1976 I voted for Dixy Lee Ray. I
have not voted since.
PoliticaJ Activity
other, save one. She and 11pen
e nex~
few days at Ocean Shores with a large
group of freaks at a devil-may-eare drug
party of no particul4r significance. We
slept together in an Army tent. me
wanting very badly to fuck with her, but
unable to say so. Instead we talked big
talk about love without sex. and have
spent the put nine years on that same
footing. And it works. I still want to fuck
her, though. We rode home in a jeep,
talking about the future-in June of 1971
I was an adult, on the threshold of the
Seventies. The driver uked me not to
smoke.
During the gu shortage . in 1973, a
friend and I walked down the long lines
at the gas stations carrying a sign that
read: "Get Nixon Outl" I boycotted
Gallo, what's more, rm atW doing it. For
a time my car wore a bumpenticker that
said "God Sucks." This proved very
dangerous, and I abandoned it.
Leeeoaa of the Sistlee
We lost.
Leaoaa of the Seveatlea
We survived.
'ne Elptlee
What have we gotJo lose? Tboee of us
without government jobs, that is ...
16
FIRST EVERGREEN CATALOG OF THE '80S
~iving Color Questions
1975-77
1984-85
By David Joyner
The forthcoming 1980-81 Evergreen
catalog promiNs to shock some, disgust
others. and elicit general disdain from
moet everyone. The paasion of thae
reaponaea will item not from any maddening change in the catalog's content,
but rather from it■ visual characteristics
·or Mlook."Thia betrays aometbing about
the kind of image students have of
Evergreen. and the kind of reluctant
alterations that the image is undergoing.
For unlike previoua bulletins, the format
of this catalog ia smooth, and designedly
functional Its style is polished, and
i.nflnitely "readable." There is no calligraphy here, and no quotations surround•
ed by 1tudent art. In fact, the whole
rough but (appuen~)
honest appearance of earlier catalogs bu now given
way to a careful profesaionaliam which
aima at one thingi the ..sale" of Evergreen to proepective studenta.
U one mixes two parta readenhip
studies with one part marketing agency
one creates a monster. The new catalog
is just. such a mixture. The people .,.
aponsible for it■ production. the Office of
College Relations, ulted eeveral groups
to compare a newly-written text with
that of an earlier catalog. Tbolse involved
included students from Clark Community
College, Capitol High. and Evergreen
graduate■ in the Vancouver Outreach
program. They all dedded in favor of
the new texL Next, the Office of College
Relation■ ulted high achoo! ■enion with
the Wubingto' Journaliltl Education
Aaeociation what they looked for in a
college catalog. One of theJr prereqwsite■ wu ..color." Combine theee 1urvey1
with Hill and Knowlton. the firm hired
Jut year to ..marlret" Evergreen, and
you end up with ■omethlng nol unlike
the aoon to be releued 1980-81catalog.
Put bulletin■ tell a graphic tale about
the outward changea that Evergreen ha■
1uffered over the laat nine yean. Beginning with the "catalog-with-a-difference"
in um, and continuing through 1972-73.
the college wu struggling to keep Its
philoeophical feet. Hence, tho■e first two
issues use an overwhelming amount of
words to explain. justify, define, refine
and promote the Evergreen philosorhy:
"For if Evergreen ii unique in it■
outward appearance, it is not unique in
its purpose: the discerning of reality,
the Insisting upon honest. worlunanlike
intellect in those who would claim to
have been educated for a free aocl.ety."
Charles McCann. 1972-78
In 1974-75all the theoretical ramblinp
that constitute Evergreen'• educational
goals were gathered up, and condenaed
under the heading "Our Philoeopny."
Couched between slightly psychedelic
purple covers, this catalog exuded the
life-as-education, anxiety-free putoral
scenes that we so 1trongly uaociate with
Evergreen. There are plenty of p~
graphs of long-haired male■ doing ouC
doony things, and open aJr seminan
with students railing their arms toward
the heavens. Lots of lettered zen prov•
erbs, and pen and ink drawings became
tlle ideal for Evergreen catalogs, and
increuingly the college itself wu d•
fined by this free 1pirit-llke image.
TREASURE
WCITIIDC
OLYMPIA.
5.,0,.,.u,io
C1tHTUI
WASHINGTON
C~EST
Be Smart
Shop Resale, Not Retail
Clothing/Fu-rnihtre •
2413 Hameon
In 1977, the "Evergreen tradition"
(as some style it), was broken. The
catalog's cover wu glosay. There were
no zen proverbs, no students communing
with nature. The atmosphere evoked a
more serioiu Evergreen, short-haired
students worked in the library. or
chatted on the square, or under studio
lights. The break, one suspects, came in
deference to legislative preuures regarding enrollment. In order to attract contemporary students. the free spirit■ had
to be chained. Whatever conclu■iona can
be drawn, whether good or ill, the image
overhaul that began in '77 continues
today, and figures promlnently In the
first catalog of the new decade.
Perhaps the moat astonishing thing
one finds in reading through all the
Evergreen bulletin• is that, with one
exception, the nature of the curriculum
has not changed at all. The exception
being the division of courses into specialty areas. While programs used to have a
particular emphasis, tbey are now listed
in the catalog under any one of the nine
specialty areas:
Environmental Studies
European and American Studies
Expressive Arts
Health and Human Development
Management and the Public Interest
Marine Sciences and Crafts
Northwest Native American Studies
Political Economy
Scientific Knowledge and Inquiry
These specialty areas are as adamantly
interdisciplinary as programs of the put,
but they nevertheless resemble the
rudiments of a department structure
enough to warrant controversy.
However Old Testament those first
two catalogs reaJ, the educational
system they espoused has weathere..:
nine uncomfortable years, and promises
to last many more. It will 1ee us Into the
1980s anyway, barring nasty aurpri■es.
Those predisposed to the notion that
Evergreen bu deviated from its ideals.
and who go about tooting 9rophetic
horns, will find more fuel for their revelatory flame in this catalog than could be
provided by a forest full of timber. And
while Charles McCann hoped at the
outset that students would respond to
the real world, it must be admitted that
the real world has changed some in the
last nine years. The most difficult problem students face these days is how to
react to an Evergreen that seems to be
opting for a slicker, more traciit.ional
image, while still holding the interdisciplinary mode of study as the highest
good. The cover of the 1980-81Evergreen
catalog (casually staged to includ~ ten
beautiful women sauntering aloni In 1he
sun) confronts us wlth. living color questions about the past, pi::esent and future
of this school.
Fine Christmas gifts by
Northwest Craftpersons.
222 W. 4th Oly
94J..J724
Come 1n and see our large selection
of marquise diamonds
1n a
variety of settings 1n all sizes
and price ranges
-f~--~~~j,,)-
flfTH6""6Hl!OTOf1
--~
U-(_,~
DOWNTOWN OLYMPIA - OPEN MON.-SAT. 9:30-5:30
.3&7-3454 •
17
18
ESSENCE
OF EVERGREEN
By Larry Stillwell
As the firSt full school year of the
Seventies got underway, Evergreen'11 18
planning faculty were meeting in Olympia. The following year brought 87 more
faculty (out of 7000 applicants) and 1000
students for Evergreen's
first year.
Richard Jones, who's been here since the
beginning, ha.s recently written a book
called Experiment at Everp'11911.
Leo Daugherty's Introduction notes
that the book "ia the only published history of Evergreen-or at least of the
most important part of it-yet to appear." The book is at the same time a
call to profeuors everywhere to reclaim
the ideals which originally attracted
them to teaching but which are now, at
most colleges, suffocating within the
confines of dull and repetitive courses
taught according to the requirements of
acadflmic departments.
Es.perimeat at Everp-ee.n does not
attempt to be a comprehensive history of
the college. It ia concerned, rather, with
describing the workings of "the particular innovation in whic.h the college bu
invested m011tof ita resources and for
which it ia belt known; programs of coordinated study ... the central miaaion of
The Evergreen State College."
Th-, college whose experimental conception wu the result of the student
unrest of the 1960s only came to life and
early maturity u the 1970s wore on. The
70s were a hard time for those people
and movements whose nature belonged
to the 60s. Yet these were the paradoxical years of Evergreen's development.
As an "alternative" college, it carried on
the countercultural momentum.. But it
bad been created, after all, by a mandate
of the state government for purposes in
line with the traditional expectations of a
state college. The dual nature of these
influences, timing u they did Evergreen's creation and determining its
character, wu similar to the ambivalent
nature of the 70s themselves. For the
decade that followed the ferment and
division of the 60s brought a curious
blending of the two opposing cultures.
The 701 (once they were really underway and the 60s had really ended, in
1972) aaw a decline in student protest.
At the same time, a reaction to the yean
of protest set in among the mainstream
citizenry. The reaction manifested itself
u an increuingly conservative attitude
toward higher education.
Economically, this coincided with the
reeesaion of 1973 (a slump which baa not
yet let up) and meant a public unwillingness to approve of expansive budgeta for
state colleges. Philoaophically, after
Vietnam and Watergate, people were
disenchanted and cynical about the government and the "institutions of higher
learning" which had produced both the
government leaders ("the beat and
brightest" of the Democratic yeara and
the Republican lawyers of the Nixon era)
and the long-haired rebellious hippies of
the student protests. If they were unhappy about funding normal colleges.
they were certainly unwilling to sup-
accounts of seminars, lectures, workshops and individual conferences. and to
see into the proceaaea that make up the
heart of the Evergreen experience.
Tlae Euly Daya
"The eighteen memben of the planning faculty ... were recruited on the
basis of their interest and experience in
experimental education of a variety of
1:,-ra y.._
port a "freaky" place like Evergreen.
Evergreen came under attack. In a
decade of quiet and conformity, it found
itself on the left of the spectrum and
labelled "radical" by a more and more
conservative majority. Like !ta compatriots of the 60s, Evergreen haa bad to
modify its rebellion, accept compromise,
and try to find ita place in society while
still wanting to be true. to ita alternative
nature. Like an adolescent suffering
through a long identitJ. criaia brought on
by confrontation with the limitations of
self and world, it haa bad to redefine it--'
self and ita purpose.
All through its life-span there have
been fears voiced that Evergreen waa
"selling out" and becoming "juat another
state college." Thia kind of argument haa
been a part of ten years of continuing
debate about the college's identity and
purpose. That debate leads direetly to an
examination of the constituating elements of Evergreen's alternative character.
Richard Jones' book very clearly outlines Evergreen'• alternative nature by
going right to the core of the academic
process. Teaching and learning are, after
all, the purpose of any college. Without
having to aay it in ao many words, Jones
reminds us that the essence of Evergreen
ia its "pedagogical innovation:" an interdisciplinary education, with teachers
working in teams In coordinated atudiea
programs, "the central minion ot The
Evergreen State College_"
Es.perimeat at Eveqreea delCribea
the values and functionings of thi.a unique
approach to learning. It ia fascinating
and exciting to peer through J onea' book
at samples from neal'Jy ten years of
evaluations, program h1atoriea, and
types: Great Boob, Hum.aniltic. SelfPaced, Affective, Outward Bound, ~
operative and Cadwallader'• Program at
San J oee State. From such a range of
backgrounds and interests, little luting
agreement wu likely to emerge in poaitive matten of philoaophy-;-and, in fact.
no such luting agreement did emerge.
What did wu a rather butlly achieved
negative conaenaua: the College would
have DO requirement&, DO grades, DO
majors and co department&. What would
take the place of them? Something in
which students would be given a larger
than usual awe of •responsibility for
designing and evaluating their educations; something in which the vario111
academic diaciplinea could be related u
well aa covered; something in which
greater emphuia would be placed on
bow to learn than on what to learn."
Mervyn
Cadwallader-"Evergreen'a
first acknowledged vlslonary"-came
from an interdJaciplinary college experiment at San Joee State to eene u one
of the three dean, on Evergreen'• planning fuulty. He introduced the coordinated studiea concept into the "reckleuly
ambiguous set out unteated intentions"
described above. It became the moet
poaitive approech in an otherwise negatively -oriented conaenaua of what an
alternative college 1hould Mt be.
Cadwallader wu an advocate for the
program described by Joeeph Tuuman
in Ellperiaeat at Berkeley (Oxford
Univenity Presa, 1989), which Cadwallader called "The Moral Curric:ulum." and
which bad u its pl "initiation into the
p-eat political vocation." Although none
of the planning faculty went OD to teach
the ......
ee or ''The Moral Curriculum,"
all but one deajgned programa uaing
By Richard Mott
more than one person in the audience to
want to burst out crying.
When the Berkeley mm had finished
and before any lights came on, the sidetape presentation blossomed from a
shimmering melody. Images from sourees
both straight and psychedelic mo\ed
through the screen. The sound tra:k
seemed to be written for this night.
"Gold and rose was the color of a dream
The moon was in pisces, waxing.
Hundreds or people were gatheri~
together in Evergreen's ~cture Hal
One. For moat of them, the reason was
clear: to gain some sort of visual knovJedge of this person whose musi!= they
had listened to for over a decade. Peope
could now witness the documented
creation of some of these familiar recold-
Hendrix'sBirthday Hailed
ings. Those who had previously discovered the films could hear them in a
new way, through a tailored sound
system. Other people were just curious
"In an intimate social setting, Jini
Hendrix was slender, elfin and appeared
even smaller with his traditional guitar
player slouch than his five-foot, ten-heh
troad-shouldered frame. He appeared
'girlish' and even 'jivey' to some, )et
once Hendrix got onstage and played he
underwent a complete transformatirt.
His body seemed to grow into the !JU"·
gantuan sound the amplifiers gave tis
guitar. Ablaze in the briUiant stage
lights, his long arms and large hands
were intensified. His Indian-boned jaw,
high cheekbones. Tlaloc-like nose an:!
mouth, his slanted Afro-Asian eyes ard
bouffant hair gave him an incredilie
presence.
Long-legged and tautly
muscled in the trunk, he had a dancer's
body that choreoed effortlessly wlh
his music."
The event started off with a fim
which had Jimi onstage in Berkeley,
University of California at Berkeley
May 90, 1970. While he visited Berkeley,
begins, a mere seven blocks from the
the city was close to martial law. ~The
Berkeley Community Theater. Jimi's
•1•,·uples·Park' protest coupled with thtt
awareness of the conflict became obviws
Cambodian invasion had led to rioting
as he performed "Machine Gun." The
and trashing." The main battlefield \las
mournful sadness of the song along wlh
where Telegraph Ave. stops and the
film clips of the rioting outaide, cawied
I had ... Gypsy blue and violet too."
Images unfolded and evolved. The
second song was an intense instrumental,
called Captain Coconut.
The second film. a Warner Bros.
extravaganza had a wealth of information. Live concerts, interviews, television
appearances and a clip of Hendrix playing acoustic blues made tliis film, if you
could sit through it all, devastating. The
la.st frame of the second film was final;
when Jimi left the stage, he dropped his
guitar as if it were a banana peel.
Working until 4 a.m. that Tuesday
morning, Chris Nelson. Dan Crowe,
Steve Evans and Richard Mott were
putting the finishing touches on the
event. That, the morning that James
Marshall Hendrix was born (86 years
ago), everything came together so well.
For the hundreds who were there, it was
a birthday party at which they received
most of the presents.
Apologies go out to the ''Tuesday at
Eight" series. It was believed that the
audience would draw from separate
groups. Instead there was unhealthy
competition created. If this become!' a
reality next year, there will surely be no
scheduled events competing ... Next year
his birthday falls on Thanksgiving.
Forum: Organic Destruction
By Peter Olson
The Old Farmhouse at the Organic
Farm will quite possibly be torn down
within a couple of weeks. This structure
has housed caretakers since the early
70s and has served as a center for
various academic programs.
Somewhere along the line, the decision
was made that if and when a new farmhouse were completed, the old one would
be razed. To my knowledge, this agreement was first made around 1973 between people "representing"
faculty,
students, and administrators. Part of the
same agreement was that the new farmhouse would cost $12,000. It has cost
nearly ten times that much. Sometimes
il is reasonable. indeed essential, lo
re-evaluate and modify decisions.
I have two basic complaints concerning
u1,· proposed razing: one is its environ
mental recklessness; the other is the
vague, also reckless, process that the
decision has followed.
The farm itself could use the space for
office or academic space. Sculpture and
ceramic studios are other space needs on
this campus. The structure represents a
lot of materials and energy. When I
stand back from the bureaucratic noise
surrounding the issue, I see a good,
usable building about to be torn down.
As for the decision-making process,
what is most important is that no
adequate appraisal of the house has been
done. A cost estimate was done by
Facilities only this past Monday and it
doesn't conslder all the cost-reducing
alternatives and not all the costs listed
are required. I have been told by the
office of Facilities that rejuvenating the
house would cost more than building a
new structure whlch could s~v .umilar
functions. I doubt it. The idea at least
requires formal evidence before being
acted upon.
I have been able to find two main
motives for those who are most strongly
seeking to have the farmhouse leveled.
One is that "it is an eyesore"; the other
is that it is unsafe, a health hazard. The
former is a matter of opinion, of which I
am of an opposite camp. The latter could
have some validity if the cost of rejuvenating it outweighed its value as a
facility. If the house is the unsafe
"shack·· that some administrators claim
it is, why have caretakers been allowed
to live in it for seven years?
I believe we, as the Evergreen community, need to act in the most environment.ally responsible and energy conscious manner possible. We can't afford
to not at least consider the alternatives
to dest_royin_gthe Farmhouse.
----LETTERS--To the Editor,
I would like to briefly clarify the
comments made in the article entitled
"Political Apathy," by Andy Lindsay
since they were misleadingly represented. The article set up an antagonism
between EPIC and the Young Socialist
Alliance which simply I.anot there. Thoae
of us in the YSA think that EPIC serves
a very important function for the Ev~
green community in showing films and
sponsoring speakers of various political
persuasions. EPIC provides an important
resource and plays a role in educating
the Evergreen community. It is from
thi.l basis of support of EPIC that the
criticism concerning their lack of activity
wu expressed. Additionally, the criticism wu meant u constructive rather
than destructive u portrayed in the
article. The YSA does not consider EPIC
an opponent but rather, an ally and we
will continue to support them and
collaborate with them.
Lynne Welton
Young Sociallat Alliance
Dear Editor:·
The article "Discrimination at TESC?"
brought up some worthwhile points, and
ia definitely the sort of piece that belongs on the cover. Aa the Third World
becomes more powerful worldwide, backlash becomes a strong weapon in the
preservation of poverty.
I see many reuons why Third Worlders would not come to Evergreen, not
the leut of them being the physical
environment and studies that would not
appear. to tie-in directly to economic advan cement-. Moreover, organisation,
made up of a few Blacks or a few
Chicanos or a few Native Americana
(though potentially valuable) seem oaly
to reinforce how alone and separate
these groups actually are. Because of the
compartmentalised systems we create at
Evergreen, I just assumed that a ThJrd
World open house wu only for Third
Worlders. That apathy spoken of lia
probably a combination of fear and a
sincere belief that moet groups of people
would rather be left alone. I mean.
especially for white males, there la
always some confuaion u to bow one
should act in these times. rm not CCIIDplaining nor uking for sympathy. It'a
only important that we know tbia eonfusion exists.
Aa for prioritizing the CPJ & KAOS
(where I work), I think there'• a good
reuon. Potentially, thoee organiutiona
can serve to facilitate gr•ter
~
standing of problems like tbia one, and
bring about more ub ... communication.
Cynics choke now. KAOS, besides being
a terribly underrated atatlon, ia ~t
because anyone can get involved, and I
think that I can honestly aay that they
are really encouraged to. Third Worlders, senior cltizena, the handicapped.
women, and low-income person, in
general, have always been denied ac:ceee
to the media. The opportunity eldlta
here for those people to gain valuable
skills, and I encourage anyone remotei,
interested to come to the station and
gain their rightful acceu. Racism is one
of society's moe~pervuiye µIa, y~t there
are •till people of all colors working to
change thaL
John Foster
•To the editor:
Two quick things:
I want to call attention first to the
new bwi routes that will go into effect on
January 7 because it will affect many
people. Pleue see the article about the
Bua System elaewhere in thia paper.
Secondly, this ia an announcement that
the Bwi System would consider subscription day Mrviee to areas where a large
number of students, faculty and/or staff
live, presently not being eerved by any
bua route, if individuala in the area were
to abow support in helping to develop
such a aervice. Propoeala for service,
including poaible routes and/or timetables, or letters of interest or support
should be eent to the Bus System.
CAB. 805 'IIESC, Olympia, WA 98506.
Pleue indicate whether and how much
you are interested in helping to follow
through on work that will need to be
done.
Rob Fellows
Merry Holidays,
everybocly, and goodbye Evergreen.
for I am gone this term with a balance of
diplomacy. rm happy u a clam (gwe'duk)
(Panope generoaa) ·to graduate here in
the State of Heavy Cleaning, since all of
my other education wu partially here.
including birth at Foot Looee, Wu.
Mucbo,
T.Q.
_ Forum: Boat'sBeautyMarred
ByJamea Ringland
.
:Si.I years ago, the Marine Sciencea and
_Cra_!.tsProgram began an extended
project to develop and construct a 38'
sailing working vessel to be utilized u a
research boat for marine studies. After
several set-backs (most notably the fire
that destroyed Hank Long's Boatworks
and the nearly completed E-38), the
second boat, begun three years ago, ia
approaching its final atages of completion. The strong support and commitment of Dan Evana and other involved
faculty members bu encouraged the
continuity necessary for a project of such
magnitude. In the Fall Quarter, 1980, an
exploration coordinated studies program
will see the outcome of this projecL
It is unfortunate that the beauty of
the Seawulff is marred by the actions of
the man who hu been responsible for
the supervision of this project, Dr.
Robert Filmer.
Originally, over 20 students expreued
an interest in thia project at the be~
ning of the academic year. The program
wu advertised u a clwiter of indivi4,_aal
contracts in which buic science, engineering, math and design skllla would be
encouraged but the focwi of the program
would be the completion of the Seawulff.
It wu advertised that the boat wu 80Cilb
completed at that time. Boatbuilding and
woodworking would not be tau1bt.
Students were to tailor their academic
program to fit their own needa in a blend
of theoretical material supplemented
with bands-on experience.
Only five students algned on to the
program. They spent a great deal of time
working on the Seawulff. obtainin1 the
promised hands-on experience, but they
did not receive much encourapment or
spend much clau time on the theoretleal
upecta of engineering or design. Theee
students, needless to say, are not utufied with the projecL They feel that they
have been uaed aa manual laborer,
without receiving any benefits and have
been personally manipulated ~y Dr.
Filmer. They feel cheated out of ~he
echacatfon
they were promised.
Underneath all of the manipulations
and misrepreeentationa,
there lies a
viable idea and a valuable educational
experience. It eeem.aneceuary for the
administration to now act on this iasue
and confront Dr. Filmer about the abuae
of the educative proceaa, particularly in
the almoet "blackmail" potential of the
evaluation system. The Seawulff will be
a part of the Evergreen experience for
many yeara to come and ahould, therefore. be a concern of Evergreen students
and faculty today.
Aa one of the atudenta who contracted
to learn duip
and engineering from
Dr. l'ilmer thia quarter, I feel that the
quality of the Evergreen academic
experience bu been compromised. I call
upon the Evergreen community to
support the students who are here to
learn marine ICiences and crafts who,
despite their efforts. have not received
the ruldance and instruction they need.
MUSIC
Thul'lday, Dec.•
Benefit 8qual9 Dence for the Environmental
Raource Centllf, 8 p.m., 4th fir. Lib. $1.
Fitday, Dec. 7
TM ,._ MfN Alloe StLldlN Society
Orc:Matni,2nd fir. Library Lobby, 7 p.m. and
9:30 p.m. Ticket, S3 In advence, $3.50 at the
door.
Satuldey,Oec.l
8h- music with Mike Dumowk:tl
and Chft1
LI.Innat Applejam. Ooora open at 8 p.m. $2.
Pllul Her1z and Friend,, acoustic and
etactr1c lmprovlaatlon1, 9 p.m., at Gnu Dell.
Sunday. Dec. •
Reilly and Maloney with Tom DundN In
oonoert at 7 p.m. In the Recital Hall of the
Comm. 8ulldlng. Tickets - $3.25 In advance,
S4 at the door. A second show at 9:30 p.m.
has been added, prloee.
Mondly, Dec. 10
8ugel' In the Gourd and the Huntc:ane
Rldgenannerl, old-time 1tr1ng bend and trrodl·
tlonal music, at Applejam. Ooora open at 8,
admlaalon S2.
John Renboum, Staten Qro11man, and
Ralph McT.. I In conoe,t
at the Muonlc
Temple, Seattle. S7 tn advance, S8 at the door.
Unda W...,... at Gnu Dell, 8 p.m. $2.50.
Thul'lday, DIie. 11
Simon a lard Quintet, ortglnat modem
Jazzfrom Chicago, at Gnu OeU. 8 p.m., $2.50.
Fitday, Deo. 14
P1ul Ch11man, acoustic guitarist from
Portland, at Gnu Dell, 9 p.m. $2.
The lporta, 8 p.m. at the Showbox. $5.
Saturday, Dec. 15
1tyfll lletfCMd,LKnu1-1, Jim Doney,
original acou1tlc Jan trio, at Gnu Deli.
9 p.m., $1.
Sunday, Dec. 11
Ano Quthrte at 8 p.m. at the Paramount
North-I,
$8.50, $7.50 & $8.50.
Saturdlly. Dec. 22'
Folk duoa Heethef I Valelte and s .... and
....,_,
Applejam. Ooora open at 8, $2.
Sunday. Dec. 2S
Pat llethlN•y at 8 and 11 p.m. at The
Pl-.,$8.
T!Meday, Dllc.25
Nothing much happening, Just a f- mllllon
people celebfatlng.
Seturday,DIie. 21
Open Mika Night at Applejam at 8 p.m.
F,-.
ARTS
Spll1t of the Tlger: Folk Alt of Kat the
Thomu 8Ufke Memorial Washington State
MuNUm.
NOTES
STRATEGY CONFERENCE.
An anti-nuclear educational and strategy-planning workshop, sponsored by
the ERC, the Health and Energy Learning Project and the Hanford Conversion
Project, will be held on Dec. 8 from
10 a.m. to 6 p.m. in CAB 108.
HOLIDAYWORK
Adult Day Servict:s, a nonprofit organization, needs substitute workers over
the Christmas holidays. Work involves
helping elderly people in their homes
with general housework, errands, and a
variety of other services. Paid part-time
work; hours are flexible. For more
information, contact Marsha Stead
at ~!>? 9fi92.
Byron Slrdaall, watllfcoloni, and Cecilla
Todd, 0111,at the Collector'a Gallery through
the 3111.
Thureday, Dec.•
Craig CaltlOl"I, Olympian, poet and Evllf·
his poetry In the Board
Room (Lib. 3112), 7:30 p.m. Free.
gn11r1 faculty, ,,_,
Fl1day, Saturday, Sunday, Dec. 1, a, a e
Subject to Flta, a play atamng Evergreen
students, 8 p.m. In the Experimental Theater.
Tlcketa are $3 general, $2 1tudentSIH11IOl'I.
Saturday, o.c.a
Puaa In loota performed by Bob Wllllama'
Puppeta at noon, 2 p.m. & 4 p.m. S3 general,
S1.50 atudenta and 1«1lcn.
Frkllly, Dec. 14
Regional Photography I Prtntmaklng In
Gallery 2 through January 9th.
MEETINGS, AND ???
Thul9day,
Dec.•
Open House for the new Acceaa tor RMntry
Women Center, 2-5 p.m., Lib. 3510.
Iran: a panel dlacuulon with a different
perapectlw at 7:30 p.m. Lee Hall 3.
Get In INpe for Croea-Country Skiing, at
R.E.I. Co-op, S.ttle, 7 p.m. Free.
Saturday,
Dec.•
Waxing Demonltntlon and 8aN Prepe19tlon, R.E.I. Co-op, Seattle. 11 a.m. and
1 p.m. Free.
Sunday, Dec. 9
Polltk:a and Splr1tuallty, an open dlscu11alon
on -Y•
to Integrate the two concepta at
7 p.m. at Gnu Dell. For more Information call
Mariat 352-7381.
Thul9day, Dae. 13
The Olympia Chapter ol wAgalnat
~ AoalnatWomen meets at the Olympia
Y.W.C.A., 220 E. Union, 7.9 p.m. Call
352-0683for more Info.
Awalancha Awaran111, et R.E.I. Co-op.
Seattle, 7 p.m. Free.
Thur9dlly, Dae. 20
CMmbfng the Mexican Voi-,
11 R.f.l.
Co-op, Seattle. 7 p.m. Free.
Thuraday, Dec. 77
Cold WNlhlr Flrat Aid Probleme, R.E.I.
Co-op. 7 p.m. Free.
FILMS
ON CAMPUS
Fl1day, Dec. 7
The Friday Nit• Film Serles pr1911flll Milos
Forman·, The FINmln'a Sall (CzechOIIOYakla
1968, 3 mine.) In color.
'
The firemen of ■ small Czech town stage a
ball In honor of the aged chief, but the old
man la quickly forgotten u the affair glvea
SIMPSONSTRIKE FORtlM
Jim Lowery, President of the 1WA
(International Woodworkers Association)
local 3-88, Leslie Owen, Co-President of
Thurston County NOW, and Irene
Abbott, member of the International
Association of Machinists, will be
featured speakers at an upcoming forum
on the Simpson •trike. Come to the
Olympia Community Center at 7 p.m. on·
Friday, Dec. 1', to find out about the
issues involved. For more info, call
362-1424or 866-6162.
SILENT VIGll.. FOR DISARMAMENT
A silent vigil for disarmament will be
maintained from 12 noon to 2 p.m. on
two Saturdays during the Chriatmu
aeuon, December 16 and 22, at the
corner of Legion and Capitol Way in
Sylvester Park.
way tu a ,.,m111t of cio,aatrophea.
Beetoea
being an Incredibly warm and funny fllm ''The
Firemen's Ball" la also a aatlre on buree~
and the state.
1;zecholtovakla'a '5,000
firemen ott1cla11ythreatened to realgn on the
lllm'a release. They withdrew thla threat only
when Forman added the tollowlng title to the
opening aequence-"Thla fllm t■ not against
firemen, but agaln1t the regime." (In Czech
with Engllah aubtltlea.)
PLUSI Cab Cail-y'■ Jllteltlug Party (1933).
L.H.1., 3, 7, & 9:30. Only a buck.
Saturday,Dae. S
The K-9 Kultur Kennels preaenta The Ol'Nt
RadioComedlanawith Jack Benny, Frid Allen
and all those others who you'll 1urely remember. Free, but donations (to help pay
Lecture Hall ,_)
wlll be appreciated. 7:30
IHI.
'
Frtdlly, Dec. 14
Friday Nita FIim presents Jules Oaaaln's
Night and Iha City (England, 1950, 101 mini.)
starring Richard Widmark, Gene Tierney,
Herbert Lom and Google Wlthera. B/W.
Richard Wldmar11(bellIt
or not, he really acts here) play, a small-time
hood who NII out to dewtop hl1 own wreetllng racket In opposition to the blo-,tlme
gangsters who control London wreatllng. Thi
reaulta are tt'llglc and auapenaetul, the dt.
logue and pace are fut, the camera angtea
ere unique and the fllm le unusually l'N.llatlc
and brutal for the time It waa made.
PLUSI Buatllf Keaton In llallomatlc:a (1923),
3, 7, & 9:30, L.H.I only a buck.
T. J. Simpson
IN LACEY
Vanita, a World Wer II fllm without the wer,
prOYel that they can and do make movlea Ilka
they used to, and bettllf. lt'e a lowly 1tory of
the effect of thouaanda of American eoldlera
(In training tor the front IION) on an Englllh
community. There are marveloua pertormencea by ~one
Involved, Including Vaneaaa
Redgrave, Rachel Roberta, and Richard Gere.
A few chucklea, a few tNII, and a p,-ure
to
watchl Directed by John Schleelnger.
AT THE STATE
10 11not the hllar1oua comedy eome people
expect: lt'a not entirety palnleaa. It's alao not
without flaws. But for the moat part It's an
engaging loolt at male menopauee, an amuelng Indictment of the younger generation',
morale (and mualc), and I fine piece of entllf•
talnment. Dudley Moore t■ a truly greet
comedian, possibly • great actor. Directed by
Blake Edwards.
- Sharron Coontz
Don't forget that ~ PtQ.!111
le 11111
tn
Lacey. .-.........
~ 'C..
NEXTYEAR'S ARTAn Individual Contract group exhibit
bas been scheduled for showing in
Gallery 2 from March 14 through April
12. Thia will be a juried show with all
Pntries due by Monday, February 18.
A graduating senior exhibit has. been
scheduled for showing in Gallery -2 from
April 26 through May 7. This will be a
juried show with entries due by Monday,
March 81.
Applications are due by Monday,
January 14 and should be sent to Sid
White, Exhibits Coordinator, COM 006.
A brief note with return address and
contact phone number ia sufficient.
Beginning January 7 (the first day of
Winter Quarter), the Bus System will
run _two new routes in the ev~ning.
startmg at 6:30. Day service will not be
c~anged. The two routes, "A" and '13.;
Wlll take advantage of the rece.nt addition of a second van in the evenings in
an attempt to cover a larger area. The
time schedule between TESC and 4th
and Capital will be the same as it is now,
for both routes.
Route "A" (see map) will follow the
same route as the present one into
downtown, but it will continue to the
Eastside at the intersection of Martin
Way and Pacific. Unlike- the present
route, ~h~ ~an will return the same way,
out D1v1s1on to the Parkway, going
straight to the Dorms and ASH.
,
Route "B" will run MONDAY
THROUGH FRIDAY ONLY, and will
leave TESC and downtown at the same
times as route "A." This van, however,
will run from campus down Overhulse
Road all the way to Mud Bay, and into
town via Mud Bay and Harrison. From
town it will turn up Capitol Way to
Tumwater at Cleveland and Emerson in
front of Safeway. The return route will
go the same way, back out Mud Bay to
Overhulse to the main campus.
~
°'~
,;
~
t
Driftwood Rd
DORMS
Library
Loop
0
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......
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t
~
~
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8
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d Bay Rd .. H........
RC\lre."8"
11 IIIIVMI
MEN-WOMEN
Getupto
$2,000for college.
LIFE DRAWING
CLASSES
Every Wednesday 6-9 p.m.
Special Rates for Students
Washington Academy of Art
Corner of Martin Way & Hensley
456-0783
original
th
Many Army Reserve units are otter,nf( a program
al may provtde you up to S2 OJO to help pay tor
ur
education
If you re eligible
when you 101n the Resr,'ve
you may rece,ve money for tu111on and other educat,onal
e•penses tor college voca11onat or techn,c..t school So
you can concentrate
more on getting an education and
less on how to pay tor ,t
And as a Reserv,st. you learn a sk,11and earn a start
ing income of over \ l 000 a year That s tor using
r
skill w,th Your local un,t 1ust 16 hours a month plusf~o
weeks active duty tor training yearly The hours won't
~:s Studies And the Pay WIii help with ye>ur
;~e::~~t
Pr~~nFt
mOt'e about
this
Educat,on.-il
Assistance
Hendrix
Festival
posters available
At Rainy Day Records
and the T.E.S.C. Bookstore.
Large $1.50 Small $.50
CallArmyReserve
Oooortunities
·4'5filnll
MeetToday's Armyt<eserve.
Tuasman's ltruetve of interdisciplinary
coordinated studies programs.
Jones reprints a letter he wrote to a
friend in February, 1971, which describes
the situation during the plaDDiogyear:
"Evergreen appears to be going for
broke on the aide of innovative policies
and practices. Everything we are planning baa been tried before in one way or
another, but usually u isolated experiments in otherwise traditional settings. I
know of nothing· like the particular combination we are planning nor 10 total an
institutional commitment to a new direction. Thia, I think, will prove to be at
sible to read it without reOecting on
one's own values, involvement, achievements and goala.
Jones describes the three most important lactors in a aucceeafuJ coordinated
atudiea program u a congenial faculty
team, a viable theme (or problem or
project) and satisfying faculty aem.inara.
The beat faculty teama, be says, are
made up of foUJ' memben (leas or more
members create different sets of problema: further no more than one of the
four should be inexperienced at collaborative teaching) who already share personal and intellectual comradeahip. He
once our greatest vulnerability u an
institution and our greatest value u
an experiment ... "
The following year, 60 of the 52 faculty
were teaching in the achool'a ten coordinated studies programa. Group and individual contracts were also offered. Jones
describes the experiment'• effect on the
faculty that first year:
"For aome, t}je experience was debilitating; for othen it wu exhilarating; for
almost all, it wu tantalizing. Teaching,
we had all been taught, wu a atrictly
private enterprise-by definition- and
here we were all trying to do it together
under each other•' nosea. The year
ended on the unanimous agreement that,
If we were to go on thia way, we all had _
a lot to learn. The difference• that had
tended to divide u.-the mutual antipathy of the huma.niatic education and
treat Boob champions, the chauvinilma
with which community internahipa were
regarded by aome, the 1111picion1
held by
othera u to the place of wilderneu experiences in an academic community, the
deriaion with which affective education
wu regarded by ,till other.-beeame
trivialities before the commonly-felt
excitement of having tried for a year to
find out how groups of profeuora could
teach effectively, for whatever purpoees,
~It wu an unforgettable experience in the life of the College."
alao dijcupea the role of the program
covenant, a document drawn up and
signed by the faculty, before a program
begina, which detai.la the procedUN for
resolving potential dispute• between
team members.
Jonea' view of some of the curricular
compromises Evergreen baa had to make
u it bu grown is of special intereat at
the present turning point in the college's development:
"The queation of how much of its time
the faculty team ahould be able to commit to the program remaina, from a
pragmatic point of view, open ... all of
Evergreen'• firat program.a committed
their faculty teama to 100~. ~t one of
the compromiaes we have had to make,
for the sake of survival u a at.ate lnati·
tution, baa been a steady decline in the
number of programa to which we could
afford to commit the full time of faculty
team.a. hauea of institutional aurvival
aside, I think a very definite finding of
our first ten years, from an educaUonal
point of view, baa been that anything
leu than lll()ql, faculty team involvement
is a coatly saving. It may eventually be
found out that a program of coordinated
study in which the faculty team baa •
other teaching commitments is a contradiction. Lflte trying to save a marriage
by having an affair."
The program theme, Jonea adviaes,
should be one which "ia inte?Mt.ing in lta
own right" and which "invitee exploration by all the diacipllnea repreeented on
the faculty team." He diatingulabea
between a program's theme and ita
objectives. The objectivea are what the
students are expected to learn (reading,
writing, and thinking akills, for example)
while applying themaelvea to the theme. •
Semlaaraud Presraa'l1Maea
It is when Jone, describes and evaluates the actual workings of coordinated
studies programa that the book become,
an exciting look not just at history but at
the essence of the Evergreen experiment. The book is like a mirror to our
experiences at Evergreen; it ia impo.
F■elllty
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Tile form the theme
19
takes, be says, is
leu important than the need Ior the
theme to be kept constantly in mind by
everyone in the program.
"The lectures should refer to it often;
a aeminar should not be permitted to end
without being aaked to address its diacuaaion to i~ Every comment on every
paper should refer to it ... "
"The early aigna of a program'• aueceas (111ually coming in the aeeond quarter) are when the students begin to try
to pivot their re1ponae1 to the boob,
and to each other', seminar contributions, on the theme. And to try to help
(inatead of one-up) each other, beca1.11e
they have diacovered that the thematic
references unfold and build more enjoyably that way."
Jonea pinpoints the faculty seminar u
the moet important contribution to the
success or failure of a program.
Faculty seminan "are made neceuary
by the confinement, of teaching in a
coordinated atudiea team, and they are
also -■de p11dllle by those same confinements. I have never experienced anything like them, and. although I have
known nine years of them-week after
week- no words that come to me can
adequately describe the experience;
except, perhapa, the chancy metaphor
that they are the aatiafying aex of collaborative teaching which bu ita way of
sustaining the family behind the acenea."
He cautiona againat atudent attendance at faculty eeminan until the aeminar memben have learned to exchange
ideas "without performing them." Such
academic role-playing dominate& faculty
forums, ayml)OIPlland colloquia at traditionally-atruc:tured achoola, Jonea aaya.
Faculty Nminan u part of coordinated
atudies are clearly aomething elae. Mo.t
Evergreen faculty eeminan, however,
are still held in private.
"Thus faculty seminan may be compared to the jam aeuiona which groupa
of jau muaiclana like to have after the
audience for wh.ichthey have performed
have gone home. Free of the neceuity to
perform for the audience, and free of the
pouibility of doing 10 (with colleague,
who know each other too well to permit
men performance) the time ia ripe to
just play for the bell of i\. Some jau
groups then go on to have their jau
aeaaiona in public."
Beek 8 afn■n ■-d Enl-.delu
"Moat college profeaaora would agree
that seminan are auperior to cluaes.
Nevertheleu, m01t undergraduate education in America takea place in
daasea... "
rromthe point of view of the atudent,·
who encounters l!;ver!(reen tnrougn
already eatabliahed program, with
already chosen themea, the real meat of
E:.perim•t
at Ev..,...
la the diacuaaion of book aeminan, lectures, writ,.
ing workahope, individual conferencea
and formal and informal evaluationa of
atudenta and faculty. Here, eapec:ially,
20
ESSENCEOF EVERGREENcont.
we can see ourselves reflected and be
reminded, if we need to be, of how
unique and personalized an Evergreen
education is.
We can also be reminded of what a
commitment to the interdisciplinary
model means in terms of personal responsibility in seminar. Seminars, from a
student's point of view, make or break a
program. Jones discusses seminaring
at length.
"The students must learn that a
background to his daily college ~•Probably tlte most fucinating part of
the book is the chapter on evaluations.
Reading the sample Letters of ReOection
(end-of-quarter informal evaluations
between student and teacher), transcript
(formal) evaluations, faculty self-evaluations, faculty evaluations of colleagues,
and program histories, is as exciting and
revealing u reading someone eae'■ mail,
in Jones' phrue.
This is the moet fun
of the book
mental, liberal arts colleges in America,
Jones blames "isolated-and isolatingteaching conditions which are made
necessary by the defmition of teaching in
college as that• of having to teach
courses." Interdiaciplinary education will
succeed when it overcomes its isolation.
Jones sees coordinated studies aa the
means to the revival of the liberal arts
education in America, for "it may be that
trying to offer a liberal arts curriculum
by way of separate teachers teaching
separate courses, to separate groups of
students ii a contradiction within itself."
about what ii a.ndisn't sexist, the spending of large sumsof money on new buildings, and glouy new program cataloguea
-nay come and 1~tbat
despite all this
sµperOuou.■ activity, It ls Evergreen'•
commitment to lnterdiaciplinary, coordinated studiea and all they Include that
makes it the unique and "alternative"
place that it ls. This I.a the essence
of Evergreen.
Seen this way, a change 1uch u
Provost Byron Yout.s's propoeed graduation requirements becomea an affirm.
ation of Evergreen'• founding prineiplea.
It ia a "back to basics"move in reepoue
to the increasing modularisation of the
21
curriculum that hu taken place in the
name of student "freedom." It is not,
then, a conaervative return to traditional
requirements. It I.a, rather, an effort to
aee that Evergreen does ..t become like
other schools.
In the same light, a coordinated
studies master's program in public administration becomes an expamion of the
Everveen
experiment rather than
merely a political compromise with
troglodyte bureaucrats and pollticians.
The debates going on now at faculty
meetings, concerning modularization of
the curriculum, graduation requJrementa,
th• evaluations DTF, and fac11ltyhiring
priorities, take on historical significanee.
Aa Evergreen evolves into tbe 80s, it
will be bound to do well if problems are
approached with the perception abown
by Richard Jones in hla diacuuion of the
Evergreen experiment. It is important to
Evergreen'• survival as an alternative
inatitution that such discuuiona, which
call the College back to both its founding
principles and ita experiences. find tbeir
proper place at the forefront, where they
can continue to inspire and encourage
the continuing debates. Thia is a abort
and ■imple and well-written book. It
deserves to be read by all old an new
memben of the Evergreen community.
• College Democracy Inaction
Charlet TMke
seminar is not a place to prove that they
have read the book; the need for such
proof should be unthinkable. Not to have
read the book that everyone agreed to
read together is not onJy a breach of
personal responsibility, it is a breach of
etiquette. The students must also experience the wutefulness of finishing the
book in the hour before the seminar
begins. They must learn that time must
be planned for reflecting on the book, for
organizing notes on it, for re-reading
parts of it and for writing something in
resoonse to iL"
Jones describes bow students traditionaUy and habitually look to a teacher
to tell them the meaning of what they've
read. "The seminar leader must be careful to frustrate this expectation in all of
its manifestations." The fact that the
book ia usually outside a particular
teacher's field of expertise "does not
make the leader a 'co-learner,' aa some
Evergreen faculty have been pained to
find out. Rather, it puts the leader in the
role of model learner ... "
Jones then goes on to describe and
analyze various dynamics of successful
and unsuccessful seminan, citing two
examples from his own experience. What
be says probably should be required
reading on the first day of school at
Evergreen each year. It is a simple and
clear description of what aeminars are
aU abouL
His comments on lectures, writing
workahops ("students care more about
learning to write well than about anything else they can learn at coUege..."),
the value of examinations in a noncompetitive, ungraded system, and the
role of individual conferences, retreats,
and "down days" will illuminate the
Evergreen reader's perceptions of the
Lu-rJFAebtNdt
precisely because we are allowed this
kind of insight into personal, written
exchanges between a teacher at Evergreen (Jones) and several of his students
and one of his colleagues (David Marr).
Their wit, style, insight, candor and
thoughtfulness put any letter grading
system to ■hame. And while this is the
best reading in the book, it ha■ to be
read whole, so l'U refrain from quoting
from it.
Jones deals briefly but perceptively
with such fine points u seminar rotation,
midstream transfen, atudent teaching,
the November slump (which, he aays,
sometimes comes u late as Februuy)
and continuity and predictability in
curriculum:
"The Evergreen planning faculty's
biggest mistake was to proscribe the
repeating of programs ... The College is
now trying to correct that early
mistake ... "
Back te Basks
Jones sums up hi■ book with an evaluation of the Evergreen interdisciplinary
model and an assessment of the poaitlve
alterna.tives it offer■ to the overwhelming drawbacksof the traditional course
structure. Primarily he focusea on the
chief drawbackfor the teacher-boredom.
"Having to teach couraes contains the
v~ry ingredients of boredom: it is lonely,
isolated, and repetitive ... It is Impossible
for the teaching that goes on in a program of coordinated ■tudJes to be boring.
When it isn't aatiafyir\g,It can be frightening, frustrating, or embarrauing-but
it is impossible for it to ~ boring. To an
experienced teacher of courses, it doesn't
even feel like teaching. It cannot be
lonely, isolated, or repetitive."
Analyzing the failures of other experi-
wme ..
p1arey1
As he says, however, "Evergreen's
prlm.ary role in the story hu just about
been played ... Evergreen had to eschew
these traditional f~atures of college life
in order to test the potentials of colla~
orative interdisciplinary teaching to their
possible limits ... if collaborative interdiscipllnary education is to have a future,
traditional systems of higher education
will have to fmd ways to assimilate it ... '"
That last statement provides an interesting counterpoint to the on-going
assimilation, within the Evergreen curriculum and community, of traditional
structures and students by this originally
•Iternative college. Evergreen enters the
801 as the "Evergreen renaissance" is
being heralded, both sincerely and
sarcastically, to the tune of the increased
enrollment so desparately sought a,fter
for several years. There are questions on
everyone'• mind, however, as this transformation takes place:
Will compromises imposed on Evergreen by economic and social reality
cause the College to lose that which
makes it valuable and unique? What
exactly can it become and still remain
"Evergreen''? What is it essential that
the College hold on to?
1 •, rcacJ ~perimeat at Evergreea is
to ·.be convinced that whfle soccer and
swun t!ams, Offices of Development and
marketang DTF's, ~it
hour■ and B.S.
degrees, more clean-ahaven faculty and
more clean-cut students, protests againat
mechanical leaf-blowers and styrofoam
cups, restrictions on pets on campus,
outdoor ed and touchy-feely theater
programs, dominance of the curriculum
by bosinesi. and science courses, emergency student symposia on rurriculum
planning and governance. arguments
"The view of the college u a politiea.1 of the leading innovations (of the college)
democracy I.anonsense. It may be, at thlt ', consisted of giving studenta a larger
time, unconquerable noueue, but It is abare of t'elpouibility for designing and
nonaenae none the lea. Of coune, a evaluating t.belr education. This wu, and
college la really not 'undemocratic'
eontlnuea to be, Interpreted by a vocal
either. The concept ia limply i.Dappli- minority of Evergreen ■tudellta to mean
cable ... 'Democracy' applied to a coUege that they abo.aJdbe re■ponaible for demakea about u much NDN u 'demoe- alping the education of .._. ■tudenta.
racy' applied to a rainbow or to a hueEverJ 7.-r there bu been ■ome kind of
ball game."
politieal move by some students to beJo■eJ?h Tu.unwl
come Involved In eurrjculum planning,
~-■- II&llel-bley, 1989 and some memben of the faculty and
..At Evergreen we have bad to live adminiatration have sought to respond to
with a lot of thla nomenae at the level of it. In actuality, the involvement of stutalk. but we have largely auceeeded In dents In the deaigning of programs has
avoi4ing it at the level of action ... One been negligible. When Invited to help
design a program. moat of the atudenta
find that they have neither the knowledge nor the time for it, and loN interest. And tbe students in a aueceuful
program quietly realise. with gratitude,
that its design would never have -OCCIII"
red to them. Thus, the Evergreen experience • confirms Tuuman's obeervation
that deaigning a program of ■tud:,, which
will support collaborative teaching and
learning, it an exacting art. the practb
of wbkh requires a gooddeal of experience in both learning and teaching."
Richard Jonea
Expedc•t II&Ev-sn-,
lffi
Student Interviews
By Walter Carpenter
'70s Literature
decade of Latin American and etbnic"Ahhb, aomehow it all ... ma so abaJ. in terna tional writera: Gabriel Garcia
low," aaid one Evergreen student about
Marques' 100 y...,. el 8111t.._, the
fiction written in thlt decade." Mo.t of
Brazilian writer Jorge Amado's T•t .r
the novela are commerdal truh. making
............
tlte s.a.-. MJk.bail
no se,we, andcompletely out of context."
Sbolokhov'a CWetn.w, t1M 0., and
TESC ■tudent. Dave Muor, a former
'Ille Dia flews t. tlte Sea. Although be
book.store owner, lambutf,d the com•
says mo.t of the literature produced in
mercialiam of eatabllthed well-known
the Seventiea ii crap, be see, some hope
authora, saying it's "ju.It the same 1tuff
for the 80a in the Latin American ethnic
u before.." Except for r.. _. tlte Art
and international writers.
.
ef .... -cJde llalatw
and
he
In addition Dave pointed out that in
enjoyed little else of Seventies literature.
the Seventiea a wider range of writers
The majority of studenta interviewed
(including women, Latin American,
agreed with Dave; they deplored the
European, Asian, Chicano, and thoee who
pomp and pageantry made of medioc:N
jut might oot previouaJy have bad a
nove.la with the aame basic Seventies
chance) were able to get publiahed. "At
themea (allenation, lonelineaa, ,earchlng
leut you can give the Seventies that
for me) and still leu character. Another
-much." Dave described the rush on
student said abe enjoyed much of the
Umil:, sap'■ and eeriala, and the non•
non-fictional self-help, cblldren'a, aud
fictional •lf-belp literature u the mam•
paycboJ.oo literature. That la "until we
motli cop-out ot the Seventies. "But," he
became Inundated with IL" Of the novels
sighed. "people are ba)ing IL"
wri"'n in the Sev~ntiea, she eQjoyed
Of literature in the Seventies, Payne
only two: S-.- and TIie ~ N...
Junker aaya be enjoyed the fanwiea and
..._ "The rest doesn't amount to much."
historical novels the moat: s••1u,
she aaid. One student said be "didn't
T...., and Dis Rat topped bis list, u
give a damn about it."
well u BNta. But Payne aaya that
Dave Gravea also cared little for
beyond tho■e boob, mo■t of the literafiction written in the Seventies. Howture in the Seventies ia trite and be isn't
really interested in (L
•
ever, be lauded the emergence In tbia
a-..
I
Ottier favorite& with Everpeen students were 0.. flew 0... die c.dDN'a
N-, 'Ille DI• 1111111 l lle,r ....
8tlte Trala a.. Geae. and a alew of
Vonnegut novela. Mlaay Halloway enjoyed s.,•••••
c•elee, and Gabriel
Gard& Marque&.She aJ.o predicted that
women'■ literature ia becoming t~ new
proletarian literature.
A■ked what particular
genre of
Seventiea fiction they lilted beat, the
students Interviewed cited fantaay,
science fiction. and adventure ■-
The overwhelming favorite wu Tolkien'•
Tri1017. Dave Graves described thla
decade u "the decade ra1eedon TolkieL"
Robin Willet deacribed 70. literature
u an offshoot of the "me" pneration.
con.atantly regurgitating the Who am I?
theme. Fiction in the S.ventiea, like
other aria (and all faceta of American
life), undetwent an identity cri■ia,
aearddng for the "me" in itaelf.
The intervieweee admitted that t.bey
read very little of Seventies fleUon.
Aaide from boob Nad for their nrioua
programs. the majority read duafa or
not-ao-c:lauicafrom put decades. Reggie
Maxwell nmmed It up this way: "Literature of the Seventies. So what of itr
22
TheLeft ln The 70s
You Really Can't Go Home Again
By T. J. Simpson
I
I
For me, the put decade really began
on January 4, 1970, the eve of my 17th
birthday, when my father threw me out
the door and into a snowbank because I
refuaed to cut my hair.
It must have been well below zero that
night in Bangor, Maine. Cold, bloodied,
hurt, angry and without a coat or proper
footwear, I trod through the snow and
bitter wind to a nearby church and stood
freezing in the doorway until I gathered
up the courage to seek the help of a
friend. His parenta took me in for a night,
but eventu.ally I wu forced (with a little
help from the cope) to return home and
cut my hair, mostly because the incident
had upset my mother 10. However, in
leu than aix months, I wu out for good.
It was also my lut six months in blgb
achoo!. and I almoat didn't finiah due to
what happened on May 4, 1970, in Kent,
Ohio. But before I get into that, I feel
it's neceuary to go back a few more
yeari ·to the beginning of my political
involvement.
My high school forced male atudenta
to tab a year of ROTC ur ebe they
wouldn't graduate. In '67 and '68, a
number of ua more anti-war atudenta
began proteating Um policy and even
had some help from the local S.l>.S.
chapter at the nearby University of
Maine. In May of 1969, the school board
finally granted ua a bearing which got a
Jot of media attention. They told ua they
would Investigate the situation and let us
know In a year whether or not RO'lC
would continue to be mandatory.
In the meantime, my parenta were
beginning to feel that I wu being brainw aehed by the Jewa, Communists,
liberals, or whatever. My mother cried
in ahame when she found some ml.meographed aheeta containing lyrics to some
Phil Ocha songs and Country Joe's
"Fixin' to Die Rag" on my bureau one
day. A friend and I bad pused them
around for a sing-along at a nearby
coffee hou.ae. There wu no way to convince my parenta that commies from the
coffee houae weren't brainwuhing me.
but I wu earnestly against the war and
starting to hate bourgeois aociety quite a
bit too. At school in 1970, I bad few
friends because most of the old antiROTC folb had already graduated. I
wu weak. akinny, and hated aporta, and
wu an euy target for the cruel jocka.
. Anyway, on Ma)' 4, 1970, a few friends
and I, being what wu left of the antiROTG coatiapnt, went to th• fateful
school ~ ...un,. None of ua had
yet beard 'the news of the Kent State
mauac:re. The achoo! board told us that
they couldn't eee any reason why ROTC
shouldn't be kept mandatory. While
angrily telling a fenwe reporter from
the Bangor Daily News about h'ow we
were whitewashed, someone came into
the auditorium and told us what had just
happened at Kent State. To ua, thJa wu
a double blow. I can't remember ever
feeling so much anger at the system.
The reporter took us to her apartment
for an interview where 1he and her
husband got us royally high on pot. It
wu the first time I had ever -been that
atoned.
.
From the loob of thinp on the TV
news that week, many of us really
though tl)at, a revolution· mJght happen
in this country. A petition to Impeach
Nixon wu being circulated. Allti-war
people (mostly univenity atudenta) met
at the local coffee house each night to
talk about the 1ituatlon. Moat atudenta
at my high school supported the actions
of the National Guard. The war had
come home.
On the Friday of that week, the day of
the four dead student's funeral.a. I went
to school wearing a black arm band.
Studenta In my cluaea tried to tear it
off me. Although the Governor had
declared it a day of mourning, the principal refused to lower the flag to halfmut. I
almost started a riot in the school library
when l ga';{e a friend an American flag
with a peace symbol cut Into the atara. A
jock grabbed it and wanted me to fight
him for it. The fracu wu broken up, but
the jocks were waiting for me at the
entrances each day for the next week ao
they could beat me up. Luckily, I alway•
managed to escape .. I got. ,Into•a lot,i.of
trouble wiih f.he administrallon, almoat
getting myself suspended for my unpatriotic deed.
That Friday I watched with horror
and anger u anti-war demonstrator• on
Wall Street were beaten with cinder
blocks by hardhata. Afterwards, about
100 of ua met at the coffeehouse and
listened to Nixon's speech on the radio.
The unity and anti-war fervor was more
intense than ever before or since. Every
time Nixon said something stupid, the
■enae
of anger and frustration gave way
to a collective consciousness that is hard
to imagine nowadays. That week c'hanged
my life. I wu going to forget about
going to college to make films and tostead dedicate myself to the "revolution."
That summer I got a job and an apartment where I let a lot of drugged-Out
street people crash. I now could grow
my hair, dress the way I wanted to, and
become a real, full-fledged "freak" (wbi:b
fa what the "hippies" were calling themselves then). I also had my first experience with LSD and sex at that time.
As the summer ended, I had the desire
to leave town. to discover the real world
out there beyond the boundaries of
Bangor, Maine, which was still quite
backward and "unhip" at that time. I
took off for the fabled land of California,
where I spent about nine montha bum-·
ming around. It was a. um, when there
were hundreds, maybe thousanda, d
hitdihiking, panhandling young dropouts
frotn society living bn the road in the
Golden State. There waa still a real
seru,e,o&eommunlt)'"l,\'itbin the: "counterculture." People took care of each other,
gtvmg what they could share to those
who had nothing. I hawked underground
papers and spare-changed in Berkeley,
lived in a commune in Thousand Oaks,
hung around· Big Sur, and tried (disastrously) to peddle ineacaline in Portland,
Oregon.
At ftrst, California was new, awesome,
exciting, and all that, but aft.er a while, I
got homesick. In the spring of "71, I
started hitch-hilting back to Maine the
day after having attended the big
April 24 anti-war moratorium in San
Francisco that attracted over 600,000
people. After more than two weeks on
the road (spending a few nights in
Wyoming jails for hitch-hilting) I &n"ived
in Bangor to find it quite different from
the town I had left.
Haight-Aahbury and the Sixties had
finally come to my home town. There
was a park downtown where scores of
young people hung out and got atoned
all day, and services for low-income
people and thoae wishing to evade the
draft where real card-carrying communiata and socialista worked, and even a
youth hoetel for a while. Most important,.
ly, there wu a radical newspaper called
"Paine" (named after Tom) that had a
storefront office right in the center of
town.
The paper became a symbol of the
changes happening in Bangor and the
country. In the claaaic muckraking tradition. "Paine" began to expose the
corruption of the city officials. Despite
the paper's crude layout and amateurish
writing (which wu the norm for "underground" papers at that time), this muckraking sold a lot of papers. The D.A.,
Sheriff, and F.B.I. decided that something should be done about it.
At that time, "Paine" was active in
supporting a strike against a supermarket chain. (I was being paid by the
union to help picket the stores, as well
as doing work for the paper.) The authorities busted the strike and the paper
by charging two of "Paine's" editors, five
union officials, and one organizer with
trumped up conspiracy charges, claiming
that they intended to blow up some
stores. (The charges were dropped in
1974.) It turned out that one of the moat
truated movement leaders was an in•
former. Now even Bangor had its own
conspiracy trials, and paranoia was
rampanL
My roommate at that time, the assistant editor of "Paine" but never indicted,
fled to New York, placing a gun in my
hand as he left the apartment and telling
ltle to use it if the pigs came around.
After he left, I put the pistol back in the
cloeet and never used it. Friends started
suspecting each other of being informers,
and ugly rumors against everybody were
spread. Due to the large number of
narcs, there were many drug busts, and
even a couple of riots in protest of them.
Phones were tapped, apartments were
under surveillance, and innocent people
were harassed. However, the cops
weren't the only onE's responsible for
last.
23
breaking up the movement and "counterWhen I went back to Bangor, most
culture" in Bangor. People's own, unfounded suspicion and distrust of each • people on the "New Morning" staff
weren't speaking to each other due to
other was enough to do that. Unity was
political and personal disagreements.
becoming a thing of the past.
Nixon beat McGovern. The dream really
In August of '71, "Paine" folded and
wu over and I wanted to move to
the "counterculture" scene downtown
Canada. (I wu still being watched by
was fading. However, a month later, a
the cops.) Instead, I got stuck In a rut.
smaU group of us decided to continue the
working graveyard shifts in factories and
fight and began a new radical paper
restauranta, sleeping all day and going
called "New Morning," A few months
later, we merged with another tabloid in
crazy in my isolation at night.
In the summer of '73 I had a chance to
the southern part of the state and tried
to go statewide. But aft.er being screwed
join a big, new radical prison reform
group and jumped on the bandwagon.
over by an unscrupulous young publisher,
These people had a farmhouse and land
the paper again became a Bangor paper
out in the country where they bad
;!ifth t_h~_editorial and publishing responfund-raising rock festivals, money from
the government, and a lot of support. I
moved to the farm and what wu great
and inspiring at first turned into a nightmare. Most of the people involved hadn't
really become politically active or aware
until that year. (Thia was when the
Vietnam war WU supposedly over.) I
saw them go from being prison-reform
liberals to fanatic Maoists modelling
themselves on the Black Panthers. and
later, the Weather underground.
I had been through. a similar •rndrome
during the heyday o} my radicalisation.
but I was disillusioned that theae people
hadn't learned from the mistakes of the
put. B,lowing up buildings and using
absurd, Maoist rhetoric wouldn', do anything to help organise the working daa.
Moat of thue people hadn't wCldried
sibilitiea placed on my lap. There wu ao
enough with real worken to know du
much sectarian in-fighting on the staff
anyway. Thia wu during the time of the
that it was amazing that the paper ever
Patty Hearst kidnapping and the S.l:A.
got out at all. I was beginning to have
madness, which this group 111pported.To
my doubta about the "revolution."
make a long, complicated story abort, I
I had been going to a lot of the "big"
WU buically purged from thia org&mlll·
anti-war demonstrations all over tbe'eaat
tion for my anarchist beUefa before they
coast in late '71 and early '72. Even got
became underground terroriata. They
busted with over 300 other demonstrasaid I had to go becaUN of my "negative
tors in Washington, D.C. and spent two
attitudes," but my "negativity" wu
days in the same cell with Rennie Davis
against stupidity, blind adherence to
and Dave Dellinger. Yet none of this
outmoded dogma, and violence. I learned.
really prepared me for the events at
that if the ..revolution" wu going to ~
Miami Beach in August, 1972.
led by dictatorial. sick butarda lib thia
Some friends and I went down there
(fm referring to a few certain indnid·
to march against Nixon and the war
uala) then I wanted no part of their
during the Republican Natio'nal Convenrevolution.
tion. The city became a right-wing and
Before I came to Evergreen in 1976, I
left-wing circus. On the left, every group
was active in the I.W.W. and union
was fighting against each other while we
organizing in a state mental boepbl.
were camped out in a never-never land
where I worked u a therapist. AD this
that the city council gave us free reign
proved to be a positive experience, even
of. But in the streets, the militancy was
if we lost the strike.
brutal. I took part in streetfighting
Thia all Jeada up to "what did I learn
against cops u they pelted us with an
from my experiences with the left in the
endless supply of gas bombr. We realized
put decade?" Well. fint of all. there are
it was now or never, that this would be
actually two different "lefta"-the authe last big anti-war extravaganza.
thoritarian left and the libertarian left.
Even though there were more demonThe authoritarian left conaista of the
strators and arrests than there had been
Marxiat-Leninbta (which Includes the
in Chicago in '68, the media chose m08tly
Trotakyiats, Maoiata, Stallnlata and
to ignore what was happening outaide
groups like the Commu~t party, the
the convention hall due to fear of reSWP, YSA, RCP, ad,,naUNum) wbcae
prisals from Nixon and Agnew. (CBS did
dogmatic belleC. u,e made ap on a big
do a special on it a year later called "The
historical lie. They'll tell you that peope
News Story That Never Was.") We were
like Lenin, Trotalty, Cuu-o. etc., were
reaching for our place in the sun that
l{reat humanitarian heroes who created
week in Miami, and got it. It just didn't
24
70sLEFTcont.
some sort of workers' paradise when the
opposite is the truth. These were (or are)
hypocritical butchers who oppressed
workers and other leftists u much u
any other government. The Leninist
seeta use ridiculous rhetoric that only
usurea the rest of us that they'll never
get anywhere talking like that anyway.
They're buically against individualism.
thinking that we need some God-like
state to tell us what to do for our
own good.
Libertarian left~ts (anarchists, wobbUes, libertarian-Marxists, etc.) generally
believe in individual freedom and the
superfiu.ity of the state and government.
:X,,eir rhetoric tends to be more appealing to the average person. What's appalling here at Evergreen. ia that too
many young, Ull8uapecting people will
cling to a Leninist ideology. It's u if
they can't think for themselves, like they
need some guiding dogma to tell them
what to ~o. Sort ~f like religion, y'know.
I recently aaw a booklet written and
published by a local radical theater
group. The booklet was about the injustices of our prison system and buictlly capitalist society u a whole. In it, it
stat.et that all women sentenced to jail
by a male judge are political prisoners.
Doea thia mean that a woman sentenced
to jail by a female judge is not a polit1uJ prisoner? No. They go on to state
that everyone in jail right now in this'
country ia a political prisoner.
Now, I used to believe such silliness
wu the truth myself-that it wu the
capitalist system that wu responsible
for everybody's actions and misfortunes,
even my own. I now believe that the
individual is responsible for his or her
actions, no matter how oppressed they
are (there are some exception-,). If
everyone in jail is a political prisoner,
then we should be working to free Son
of Sam, Charles Manson, white'.collar
embezzlers, the guy that shot the mayor
< of San Francisco and Harvey Milk,
mafioeos, rapiats, etc. (Ironically, it's
often the same people writing such
-rhetoric that want harsher sentences
for rapiata and Milk's uaassin.)
Then they have all this stuff about the
"pa~~y"
and how the patriarchy and
~ capitalism are hand-in-hand in enslaving
us. 1 uk theae people-what makes this
society any more patriarchal than it is
matriarchal? Worst of all, the book)et
mu.. it seem that political prisonen
exist only under capitalism, and not in
the so-called "socialist" cou.ntriea.
I UMd to write the aame kind of crap
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ten years ago, and it's distressing to ~
people still doing it. Although there
might be some truth to some of the
things they say, it's written in such a
rabid, narrow-minded, overly-rhetorical
way that it's laughable. Bad sociology
combined with zero psychology is not the
way to convert the workers. When the
left learns this, along with learning bow
to get along with themselves, then it
just might make some dent on the A~
ican political scene. Until then, it will
always be doomed to failure. Unfortunately, some people never grow up.
For those who were politically active
in the late 601 and early 70s, the late 70s
want to promote hate, then that's what
they'll get. It makes the old 60s ideals of
"peace, love and understanding" appear
to be quite refreshing and new.
That fateful "darkness at noon" when
we realized that the dream wu over
came to many of us in the past decade.
It had a very crippling effect. I know
that I speak for others, as well as myself.
when I talk about the kind of alienation
and hopelessness I felt in the earb' 70s
when I finally realized that there really
wasn't going to be a revolution. After a
few years of building and living for it,
Its demise before its birth was a bard
thing to accept. I understand why Phil
have proven to ·be a political wuteland.
Many 601 radicala have become active in
the anti-nuke movement, but too many
others have found it· too difficult to
readjust to political involvement with
younger and more idealistic radicals.
(Just the same, the anti-nuke movement
!S.the moet positive sia'n around.)
In the early 70s, I welcomed the women's liberation movement as encouraging
and great. For one thing, it meant that I
wouldn't have to worry about fitting into
some sexist, macho role-playing, which I
never did anyway (and suffered because
of it). Although feminism is still basically
a progressive thing, too often what is
called feminism has been dogmatic
separatism, and a hatred of males and
heterosexuals that is essentially just
plain old-fuhioned bigotry or sexism.
Rich, beautiful women ca'n euily control
men if they want to, -1thougb some
around here actually think that they're
more oppressed than the average, white
male factory worker. While the idea that
. the aexes ahould be equal gets lost in the
shuffle, aelf-Oaggellating "feminist" men
think they're going to bring about a
"men's liberation" movement through
shame, self-diagust, and guilt. How is
any movement going to succeed unless
it's hued on positive things? If certain
segments of the women'a movement
Ochs killed hunseu.
I've adjusted myself to the system
now. I did that when I worked at the
mental hospital and realized if I didn't
adjust, I'd be in the loony bin, too. The
world might still change for the better,
but in the 601, we thought it would
happen overnight. But hell, just look at
what happened to our so-called "heroes"
from the 60s-Tom Hayden is a politician,
Rennie Davis kissed the Lotus feet of
the Mabara-ji and is an insurance sales,.
man, Jerry Rubin is a neurotic healthfood nut, Eldridge Cleaver is a patriolic,
flag-waving moonle, Timothy Leary
became an F.B.I. informer and buket
case, and so on. I ended up at Evergreen
wanting to make movies and writing thia
article for the CPJ.
On the TV news tonight, there was a
60s anti-war veteran who bad taken a
famous photograph of an obviously
sadistic cop in riot gear busting a young
demonstrator. It was taken in the U.S.
in ~970 during an anti-war demonstration. Some students in Iran are displaying the photo, claiming that it is a recent
photograph of an Iranian student in the
U.S. being typically brutalized. The
former, anti-war photographer said that
he wanted to be on the first plane to
lran if there is a military invasion.
Here's to the next decade, whether we
like it or not.
25
Journalism Presses On
By Pam Dusenberry
The 1970s are a period of coalescence
of the uproar of the 60s. The world of
journalism is no exception. lf the 601
were characterized
by convulsions
agaill8t conventions, then the 70s have
largely been a period of assimilating
(or rejecting) the expressions of thoae
convulsions.
Out of the 1960s erupted a phenomenon called new journalism, which bu.
in varying degrees, established roots in
the 70s. Its several forms developed in
response to serious questions about the
function and methods of the mainstream
press. Tile traditional forms and ideals of
reporting came under fire; first from
young journalists and later from members of the more conservative element
who could not completely turn their
beads from the outrage of the 60s.
Freedom of the press is one of the
basic tenets of America. It is an essential
right. Right? The theory ia that a free
press will keep tabs on the functioning of
the public and private sectors. In addition, the press is supposed to provide
information to the public so that each
person can make reaaoned decisions.
While the mainstream press obviously
did (and does) perform some part of thia
function, proponents of the various forms
of new journalism thought that wu not
enough. The new journalists thought the
mainstream press did not give "equal
time" to t.he eontellt of the dissension,
though it of course covered its outward
manifestations, the riots and demonstrations.
Thia is not to say that the press functions totally inadequately. There is a
standard that government corruption
must be uncovered. (It makes good
headlines, after all.) But this standard
does not extend to the business sector.
Since so many-in fact nearly all-daily
papers are now under corporate control
(and thus primarily intereated in keeping
their stockholders' dividends at a maxlmum), it is against their interests to
criticize the segment of society of which
they are a part. I have yet to see the
Seattle Poat-lateJHaeacer report on the
corporate connections of the Hearst
Empire or feel compelled to investigate
the dealings of less directly connected
businesses.
Those who actually write the news,
however, are not merely pawns in a
high-stake chess game. Moet of them
take seriously their charge of reporting
the news "objectively" and fairly. The
members of newspaper stacrs are usually
reluctant to develop business or government connections that could be conceived as conflicts of interest.
Mainstream journalists are by and
large upholders of the status quo.
Though the standard of objectivity is
held up as the ideal to which mainstream
reporters subscribe, every reporter and
every newspaper bas a bias. That tiiu is
well hidden because most reporters and
newspaper readers hold the same buic
assumptions: that the American system
of free enterprise and representative
democracy is responsive to the public's
needs, and that dissent from the American Way deserves diaapproval.
While the mainstream press makes
itself responsible for reporting the corruption of government, and to a much
lesser degree, of business, it does not
take responsibility for reporting on social
issues unleu some event b~inga it to the
forefront. In the 60s, it wasn't until
Blacks started rioting, women started
demanding recognition, and students
started protesting, that their causes
became topics for newspaper and magazine articles in the mainstream press.
In the 70s, the uproar died down-the
mainstream press' thin coverage of social
issues became gradually thinner. The
alternative press of the 1960s and early
70s gave vent to the cries for recognition
by minorities and women, to the outrage
at America'• involvement in Vietnam and
Cambodia, and to a myriad of other
complaints. Underground papers and
advocacy journalism, two aspects of new
journalism, flourished on and around
college campuses. The point of view of
the protest.ors came through loud and
clear through these channels.
The 60s created not only an alternative press, bot also an audience for it.
This is new journalism's legacy to/in the
70s. While the voice is not so loud and
angry as it wu ten years ago, it is still
being beard. In the 70s we see such
succeuful national periodicals as la
Theae Ttmea, Dollar, and Seate, OU Ow
Baeb, and Motlier Joaee, and a plethora
of local papers such as the S1111
and the
NortJaweat Pueage in Seattle, Matrh in
Olympia, and the Boaton PIINlals.
The new journalists' critique alto
included an attack on the traditional
structure of news stories. They aaw the
goal of objectivity and the "five Ws ud
H'' formula as means to justify narrow,
one-sided, and dry coverage. The goal of
objectivity, many new journalists n·
claimed, while not necessarily a wrong
goal, is misused by the mainstream preu
to present one-sided, and aometlmea
actually false, informatio-. Thia complaint is manifested in moet types of
new journalism.
Reportage, or the new nonfiction, ~
away the format and style of the mamstream news story. Tom Wolfe and Gay
Talese, Truman Capote and Norman
Mailer all write new nonfiction.. Tbey
present "news" in the form of than
stories or novels, using trad{tionall:,
fiction&!techniques of dialogue, ~
tion, and third-person commentar:,.
Although presenting a larger pldure
than the traditional form of reportins
facts, the new nonfiction'• aueceN •
pends on painstakingly thorough research and the stylistic talent of U.
writer. It has gained crech'billt:, in ...
literary circles. Most are willing to admit
that reportage lends itself to boob: but
most critics and journalists deny that It
is appropriate for news reporting.
Other forms of new journallam taat
have established roots in the 1970. an
journalism reviews, alternative jourwism (news not covered by the maJa.
stream press), advocacy journaliam
(which propounds various dlaaeat1D1
points of view), and precision jourDa)ilm
(which uses statistics to lend valldity to
news coverage).
In the 60s, new journalism prarideda
channel for an outraged and fremillld
counterculture and wu themon fNn..
zied and disorganized. Some would USthat the acceptance of new ~ ~
the relauvely passive '70. bu ~ IL
It remaill8, however a vital alterutlw to
the mainstream press.
8 a.m. - 9 p.m. weekdays
10 a.m. - 7 p.m. Sundays
open ec,ers, dav
WESTSIDE CENTER
26
TV News : ''That's ,,
the Way It Was .. •
By Li.is&Eckersberg
Who knows? The 70s might be remembered as the age of the TV news
gimmick. Mini-earns, happy talk, skycams, and weather experiences arrived
to deliver u.s from the boredom of the
60s news reporting.
TV news of the 60s was like a Reader's
Digest conderuied version of the news. It
wasn't meant to give us the complete
version, just headlines and brief synopses.
Television in general was entertainment, not information. The news, esp&ciaUy local news, was practically ignored.
The lowest rated shows were the neW&cuts so there seemed no point in spending money to make them better.
Somewhere along the line, however,
TV news became popular and worth
spending money on. The demonstrators
or the 601 started paying attention to
conventional forms of communication;
Walter Cronkite and colleagues became
media stars; Watergate caught the
nation ln its grasp and wouldn't Jet go.
Watergate was THE big media event
of the 70s and, unlike the newspapers,
television could deliver it live. No longer
was the American public the third party
twice removed in an event; they were a
part of it. Instead of having to read and
imagine the proceedings of the Watergate hearings, they could experience the
boredom of sitting around listening to
Sen. Sam Ervin question the Watergate
defendants. Afterwards, they could get
immediate analysis of the proceed~
from expert news reporters, a device
sportscasts had always used.
TV news was no longer just re~
the nuws, it WU delivering an immediate
and supposedly compreheu.ive view of
the goi.nga-on. TV news shows became
rating succeues. "60 Minutes," which
had been around for aw.bile with no
great succeas, became one of the ~
rated prime-time shows on televiaion.
The news ratings race wu on.
The competition wu especially bot and
heavy on the local level One channel
with sagging ratings would offer another
channel'• popular anchorman a large
contract to defect. In turn, their 1port&caster would be lured away. The result
would be only a trade-off in viewers. AIJ
the point of the ratings wu to get the
majority of the audience, the channela .
.
'
~
-~\\\\\IJ
had to come up with something else.
Enter the gimmicks game.
The first major gimmick was the
"mini-cam" (a mobile video camera).
Actually just a regular advancement in
video technology, the stations' ads billed
it as a feature unique to them alone.
Instead of having a reporter's voice
coming over a phone, the reporter's face
was there in front of the event "report.
ing live from. . . ... Mini-earns were aU
over.
Another big gimmick waa "happy
talk." Maybe the people who ran the
stations figured that since the news is
generally bad, it should be delivered by
happy, or at least friendly, people. At
best it wu (and still is) obnoxious.
Giggling and anickering newecutere are
just a little hard to believe. At its wont
it wu akin to MHennyYoungman Meets
the Son of Walter Cronkite."
Of course, the stations were not
pleased to leave it there. TV news fans
were further subjected to such gimmick.a
aa "weather experience,."
Here the
weatherman steps out of a picture ahowing what the weather's like and, if it's
raining or snowing, baa something
appropriate thrown at him. Weather
reviews (with star-rating aystema like
those used in movie reviews), pop issue
report.era (who go out and sky dive or do
eomething equally unnewswortby), foot,.
ball boo-boos, and the ever-popular Mman
veraus computer football score gueasing
game" were other gimmick■ introduced.
The gimmick.a game aeema to have
settled down. However, there are ads in
the papers about the helicopter version
of the mini-cam, the sky-cam. And
the newacuters are getting friendlier. A
few days ago several were delivering the
newa from a couch, with no dew, no
counter and nothing in front of them.
They were juat 1ittmg on a couch happy
talking and presenting the news. If this
keeps up, the new gimmick will be the
newscasters flying into the viewers'
living room and sitting down to happily
diacuu the news on a one-to-one level
"Channel 18-We're Friendlier Than AU
the Rest .... "
·•
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-----
.... _~..._Cl.~
J51•UtlJ
Need Money?
How about Parning a 25% commission for sellfog :ids for the CPJ'>
On-;- person earned $20 in on~
hour!
Cl',l
(CAO 104, x6312)
27
Al$!
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1\4A'T"ORIIER
Nine Inch Man
By Bugay Malone
Sometimes while I am watching televiaion I have a curious, malicious urge to
become the 9-inch man. As the 9-inch
man I would crawl down from my La-ZBoy rocker-recliner, scramble acrou the
carpet on 15/16" feet. up to the 24" RCA
Victor color TV where I wo•Jld fight my
way through the radioactive waves and
enter Television Land. There are a few
things I would like to clear up there.
Monday night I would enter UU:le
Boue •• tile Prairie and pounce on Mrs.
Oleson and choke her. I am tired of her
contralto voice booming through the
house every Monday night, reverberating on the china and causing all the
glua surface■ in the house to sing. If
that irktome nuisance, Melissa Gilbert
came al.ong, with her big nose, she would
probably say, "Stop that, you big bully,"
and fetch her pa, Michael Landon.
Michael Landon is just a 7-inch shorty
and although he ia wiry, I would dispatch him with a sock on the jaw and
mention the fact that I think his haircut
is ridiculous. As the 9-inch man I am as
brave as a bull. I fear neither man nor
beast.
"Well, atranger, those are mighty
peculiar clothes you've got on." This
would be his respectful retort as he
massaged his sore jaw and shook the
cobwebs out of his head. He knows he's
in a dumb show. I would dust my hands
and crawl back into my living room to
rest up before I made my next appearance u the 9-inch man.
Uttle Bouae on tile Prairie was once a
solid family show, but recently they have
used the most unlikely story lines, most
of them mawkish, some or them hideous.
They have betrayed the trust of their
innocent viewers. I remember when
Boaama did this same thing. In one
episode, for instance, Hoss would be up
for a murder trial, man:hed to th.e
gallows, and so forth. Hou was no
murderer-everyone knew that! It seem■
that at the terminal cycle of a good program, it will spend a few years dying in
the worst way.
The Waltoaa show is doing this, too.
My appearance u the 9-inch man would
finish them. On The Waltoae I would tell
Olivia that I sure am sick of her and her
"moods" and her haughty attitude, and
most of all I am tired of reading about
her contract disputes in People magazine. Then I would go to each hoUle in
the Walton neighborhood and slap aU of
the babies. This program is notorious for
its howling babies.
Sometimes when a baby is slapped, it
will get a startled look on its face and
take an enormous gulp or air and then
cry all the harder and make everyone
present suffer enormously. For these
babies I have constructed a special
soundproof box with a little oxygen tank
inside. I would put the persistent cryers
in the special cry box. The fire department would have to come out and open
the box, careful not to injure the baby
inside. A sign on the box says, "Danger,
no flames, oxygen in use." EventuaJ.ly
writers of TV shows would leave babies
out altogether because the baby could
mean that the 9-inch man was coming on,
wrecking their program. People who
have their own babies at home don't
hear them anyway.
On Friday afternoon the 9-inch man
would make his next appearance on
Daya of our Llvea. There the 9-inch man
would go to Julie Williams' apartment
and talk tough to her i.n a way Neal
Curtis or Chris Kosticheck and other
common-sense characters on the program
have been unsuccessful in doing. The
9-inch man would shake her up. "Wake
up and smeU the coffee, baby! Your
former husband, Doug, left you to marry
Mrs. Carmichael because you have been
acting like a fool. That's right! You sit
around here in your $300 dressing gowns
feeling sorry for yourself, but you have
brought this all on yourself. Knock off
this self pity! Straighten up and fly
right!"
The 9-inch man would go on the'
award-winning 60 Mlautea whenever
they show a rerun. He would wear a
scowl and you would see him pull the
rerun tape out or the video machine and
screen a rerun of The Muy Lovea of
Dobie GIiii, instead.
Sometimes the 9-inch man would
appear as the 2-inch man. The 2-inch
man is a little dwarf dreased in a cute
jerkin like Hamlet's and he would appear
in the bottom corner of your TV sereen
The 2-inch man is a severe critic. On
Johnny Carson's show he would criticize
boring monologues and interject such
rude comments as ''That's not funny," or
"So what, big deal!" or "Good God, not
another singer!" The 2-inch man would
show the viewers a skit of his own. What
he does is come in the front door, pass
quickly through the house, rush around
from the back door and come in the front
door, like he just got there. It's not so
funny the first time he does it. But he
keeps doing it.
Another trick the 2-inch man Is good
at is "rattling the bones." The 2-inch man
has a pair of bones that he rattles u he
performs a foolish dance.
As the 9-inch man and the 2-inch man,
I would clear up the airwaves.
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28
Literature
of the '70s
Happily Ever Aftering
By Mary Young
'
.
"Pynchon, Vonnegut, Robbins, Brautipn. Their writing is breezy, smart-ass.
It bu a lot of satire, a lot of deliberate
anti- ■eriousness. They write with a
calculated ref\laal to be serious in favor
of being sardonic or ironical, always
apeuing in a parody tone. You can't pin
them clown. Maybe there is moral seriouanea behind it, but the face of it is
alway, f.antutical."
What was the literature of the Seventies?Who was it aimed at? What did
readers look for? What themes were
read by the country? By you personally?
Wllat will happen in the Eighties? A few
Evergreen faculty comment:
Gil 8aleede: (History/Literature)
..Bellow and Heller can be read as companion volumes. One is pessimistic and
one la optimistic. Both deal with life in
our time and the existential predicament
of the individual in the post-industrial
dvillsat.lon of America. The individual
pitted anin■t modernity, chaos.
' "Bellow explore, the tragedy with
compassion and humanity. In the end the
protagonist, Henog, bas seen a light at
the end of the tunnel. He's getting
there, he's getting somewhere. With the
prot.agoniat in the Heller novel, Bob
Slocum, you see nothing but slow
auieide,alow depression.
"The meuage of the Seventies is that
politica offen no solution, that any kind
of collective action invites you to some
kind of betrayal or sell-out or cop-out or
aome fake or inauthentic life. That you
can't work collectively or co-operatively.
The sense of disillusionment is my sense
of the Seventies. After all the big
promiae and idealism of the Sixties, the
Seventiea is a time of retrenchment,
dl1illu1ionment, withdrawal from cooperative, collective things. Not everywhere, but there is the feeling that it is
every man for himself. Tlae Painted Bird
ia about survival. Seventies survival
against the onslaught of official bullshit,
all the institutional rhetoric of the society that comes down, that is assumed by
the public to be lies and untruth. Your
mind, your sanity must survive against
the barrage of bullshit. You must not
believe anything, so there's a systematic
lncredulousness that is applied to everything. Where the hip thing, like Vonnegut, is to believe in nothing and to
take everything with a laugh. That, to
me, bespeaks a certain escapism, a cer•
taln feeling of vulnerability in the face of
all thia frustration and disappointment.
The feeling of being betrayed and
let down.
, "The defense against this vulnerability,
thla feeling of impotence. is detachment
and the ironic posture. This explains to
me the prevalence of irony in the lit-
•
erature of the Seventies. Parody, utire,
irony. The author does not take himself
seriously, there is the spirit of diaclosure,
honesty, truth. Let's see what's really
going on (like behind the scenes of a
Hollywood movie to see the props).
Authors are not even uking us to suspend disbelief. The message is 'Let's see
behind it. Let's demystify something.'
The supposition is that the truth is to be
got at in this way by pulling away these
layers on the surface, which are assumed
to be false, in order to get at something
underneath, which la aasumed to be the
real truth. The trends I see in literature
are fantasy, science fiction, and other
escapist literature.
"The theme in Bukowski is brutal
cynicism, on the surface, but underneath
a real feeling of diehard understanding,
humane compassion for the human
condition. Bukowski is a lifetime em•
ployee of the L.A. postoffice, he'sa wino,
his face looks like a truck hit it. He's a
wiped-out man. just one big bleeding
sack of acne, really a mess, horrible,
really ugly. He lives in L.A. because he
feels it is the armpit of the North
American continent. He lives there,
deliberately knowing it's disgusting. Skid
row culture of L.A., that'• bia beat.
"On the surface of Bultowaki'a writing
there's all this pornographic stuff, sex
and violence are twin themes. What he
does is expose falae front.a and hypocrisy
and the brutality that hides behind all
this nonsense of modern life that's up
front. He showa you that behind TV
commercials, behind the freeways, the
fancy cars and clothes, there is really
some true horror happening.
Rudy Martin: (English Literature/
American Studjes) "Luch has written a
powerful hook that will attract a lot of
attention. It ie a biting critique of the
human potentiaVhuman growth movement and argues that the atuf! is
essentially a dead end because it doesn't.
contribute to any kind of social awareness. particularly, but focuses people's
attention more and more on themselves.
I agree with him. The malaise of the
current time is as much a matter of
people not knowing where to be in
relation to other people as it is a matter
of them not knowing where to be in
relation to themselves. I think a lot of
folks will say, 'Lasch is crazy. It's not
until a people fmd themselves that they
are able to ... .'
"Ewan traces through 19th and 20th
century history in America the ways in
which big business and the corporate
interests have inainuated their values
into the consciousness of the American
public in such a way that corporate
values become social values. So that to
consume becomes a virtue in contemporary conaclousness. Shopping becomes a
social activity like going to the movies or
a ball game. Folks are motivated to go
out and shop and to eee this as something worth doing. All this mall stuff,
perpetual sales, perpetual encourage•
ment by the media just to shop for fun:
this value set is pervasive in American
society. There is an element of escapism
in consumerism. It offers to people
consumption as a substitute fo,: other
forms of action.
"This summer I started reading the
Vietnam stuff. Diapatebea is a series of
Vietnam essays written for Eaqulre
during the war. It is alarming in that the
book is apolitical. A lot of people who
fought the war and folks who resisted
the war were largely apolitical. They
didn't seem to see organized political
activity as an option. alternative to the
war. What you ended up with wu a
whole lot of blasted individuals. Folks
whose psyches, whose souls, have been
scorched. And they don't know how come.
"O'Brien's CuaiaUo is a soldier who
keeps deserting from the war in Vietnam.
His plan is to walk from Vietnam to
Paris, over Asia into Europe. The story's
about how these guys keep chasing this
poor bastard out there to bring him back
to the war. They finally aay 'to hell with
it' and go with him to Paris. So they
walk away from the war. It's a personal
reflection, but again, there's not much of
a political stance in the novel. It seema
folks aren't talking yet about what the
war means. Part of it could be that they
don't want to talk about it.
Novels in the 70s seem to be in the
personal reminiscence mode, autobiographies of one's own consciousness.
Theae books hook right into the narcissism that Lasch talks about, and the
self-absorption in place of a politics or a
values system that incorporates or
springs from any kind of sense of public
or social l.ife.Its as if people were socially
or publicly invisible, disembodied. Operating primarily as individuals detached
rrom, distinct from, anything other than
their own orgasms, food, drink, satiation
of the senses. Personal reminiscence is
more a continuation of, rather tha.n a
reaction to, the 60s. Part of what WU
implicit in the disturbances and the uprisings, especially among white people in
the 60s, was this business of personal
alienation and disenchantment and the
interest in trying to find some avenues,
some channels to express that stuff. _
"People are pulling in their horns,
they're tightening up, croesing their legs
and folding their arms to hang on tight.
That's why Lasch talks about diminlahing expectations. In Heller's book, Bob
Slocum is constantly trying to cope with
his fears of sexual impotence, of political
and economic impotence, of profeasional
impotence. That seems to be the condition of contemporary man.''
Bet■y Diffendahl:
(Anthropology)
"Over the last ten years I have done leu
with books than in other periods in my
life and I have be<:ome aware of the
value of paying attention to the people
around me and their wisdom and their
authority more than books. I have perhaps read less and had dialogues more.
To pick a literary trend of myself: the
volume of written material ls so great
that you can waste a lot of time looking
for a source of some insight while you
are losing time that could be spent with
people. We, white Americans, are begin•
ning to look at ourselves ln literature
instead of always studying someone
else's ritual or someone else's cultural
setting. I see a trend to culturally self•
conscious literature. We are looking at
ourselves and at some of our needa that
aren't being met-I don't mean self helpbut we are beginning to see the impact
of our own institutions on our lifestyle
and how these keep us away from meet,.
ing our needs. We are becoming more
culturally introspective.
"I think it's significant that Boote wu
published ln this decade. We are beginning to look back at our own puts in
some depth. We are beginning to see
what it means to be vulnerable. We are
becoming aware that the world ia very
diverse and that. there are more people
unlike us than are like us. The books I
read helped me to realize that I am part
of a pluralistic world and heightened my
awareness of the arrogance of White
majority-hood.
"The 801 will iequire personal fiexibiJ.
ity. I don't think it's a time that dogma
will serve us. The 70s were fearful; we
saw the vulnerability of the majority.
We were out of control for the first time.
In the future we are going t-> have to
risk individual discomfort to form coalition■ with the world's people who are
different from us. This is necessary and
healthy. In terms of skill development, it
is worthwhile to spend your time in this
coming decade talking to people u It
would be reading about people. It is
necessary to develop community.
"Socrates and some of the early
western oeople that we frequently
29
husbands and wives. Which is, I think.
where it is. The current beat aellen
tend to go back to an earlier period in
fair!y recent American history in which
there was at least the illusion of an
enormous amount of truat.
"People in the 70s are definitely
searching for intimacy. I think they all
believe they will not find it. And I think
moreover, they are scared to death that
when they find it, it will dMtroy their
individualism. So they aearcll for intimacy, but at the same time demand
conditions which make it impouible to
be intimate. They're not ever willina to
risk anything. But to be intimate they
have to risk everything. Part of the
problem in the 701 wu that people didn't
have much to risk.
"I don't think it is pouible to aerioualy
predict future literary trend&. If minority
writen become dominant one of the
renons would be becauae thoee writ.en
~
have decided to devote their effort.a to
the group, not to the cult.lvation ol their
own private sensibility .
1 \ .....
....,....,....,,....,,,. "Everyone should read ',t I I at
Tavf1 by Eurlpidea. The theme ia:
after enormous personal crwa aDCSconfusion. guilt, hoetllity, and everything
else-the reconciliation of the aexea and
the reintegration of the family."
Dake Kaelm: (Sociology) "The liat of
books that moet affected me are moet
characterized by a theme of muted
cyniciam. It's not the kind of anger and
diaenchantment of the 60a, but the fNJ.
sistic in the least. These are all books
ing you have when you're not real
about social relations, relations among
pleased about things and you don't really
people, centering on small, close intimate
feel that there'• much you can do about
relation&--what we could looeely call
them except aadiy document them. My
family- but moving out to encompass
definition of a cynic la someone who la a
larger social ralations with such theme•
very, very cautious romantic. Someone
as obligation, duty. Books about mothen
burned again and again
and da}lgh~~.1 fathen an<!_sons,. ~o:vera.. who has
. been
__...,.._..
"
bounce against, their own mode was not
one in which they all sat and read books.
As it happens, we've captured their
work in books but the dialogue is the
critical part.''
_
lUdaard Aleuader:
(Engliah/Litera•
ture) "The theme of the books I read
was the enormous difficulty of cloee
human relations and the absolute necessity for them, including the family. I am
a family freak.
Agee is coming into prominence in
American literature. His ia a very signif•
icant book for the 70s. I have a strong
feeling that the era of rampant individualism ls ending, for the time being, in
the United States. People are just sick
and tired of narcissism. One of the things
that is typical of the books fve read is
that not a damn one of them is narcla-
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"Americans want to recover the Camelot
of 1963. Literary themes in the 70s say
'there really was some good old time'."
and again but somehow or another has
faith that the next time it's all going to
work out. Some other themes a.re loss of
faith in the idea that things will work
and coming to grips with what it means
to be ambitious in life and to fail. I don't
know if I sought out of disenchantment
or, because I was disenchanted, these
boob sought me out and made me
read them.
"I think in the 70s it would be very
hard to bold on to one's ideals, except at
~ ve'! muted level. What can you believe lD anymore? The legacy of Vietnam,
Watergate. and the energy crisis all
come down to basic issues of 'what can
we trust?' Trust is the aociaJ bond. If I
trust, then I can probably pursue my life
with some satisfaction. But if I am constanUy wondering 'will that letter be
delivered? Can I get gas tomorrow?' I'm
left with the attitude 'Can't do anything
unless I do it myself.•
~I think it is possible that minority
writers will be dominant in the 80s
becauae those groups are able to write
with some degree of pride in manifest
destiny. There is something there to aim
for, fight for. If what you are doing is
documenting the slow collapse of the
system, It's hard to write stuff most
people want to read.
"The word for the 701 is searching and
confused. Two of the most popular things
of the 701 were Star Wan ud Water•
elaipDoWll.Both of them take you out of
this context and either move you into
some ambiguous time or into some
totally different world.
"Americana want to recover the
Camelot of 1968. They feel they got
cheated. I think literary themes in the
70s say 'there really was some good old
time. Things really were pretty Ideal in
those days, abundance, and peace, and
joie de vivre. If we could just get back
to those wonderful days of Camelot we'd
be saved.' I really do believe that what
people seek they will find. It may be
elusive but it's there."
Peter Elbow: (Literature) "Where the
60s was an era of 'out on the streets
rocking the boat,' the 70s was an era of
people going a bit inward and working
on slower-motion, longer-ranire battles.
'The Long March,' as they like to say.
Slow underground grass roots, working
from the bottom, trying for gradual
change and development rather than
fast change.
"The era of ecology concerns hitting
general consiousness. Certainly Small la
8eaatiful is important for the more
theory-minded. AU the Sierra Club stuff
was important for wider audiences.
"Lakey's book is central for an impor-
friendly
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1931 E 4th
tan\ network of collectives called Movement for a New Society. It very much
typifie~ the best of radicals h.unkering
down for long, slow grass roots work.
The necessity of slow, gradual change of
consciousness, working with people In
small groups and one to one, and tending
toward one's own health and happiness
and renewal all the while-learning to
avoid franticness and burnout of radicala
of the 60s; how to have fun and be
supportive and jolly and care for one
another while slowly working on radical
change of society. The whole anti-nuke
movement if a place where these first
two threads meet.
"The 70s is an era of biography and
autobiography. Lots of them. It's an era
of people trying to figure out bow life
and lives are experienced. Thus Boote;
also Pa11ages: also the Watergate
biographies.
"And its the era for the long, slow
serious work of the oppressed groups:
women, blacks, gays, chicanos, etc.
Whereas some of the banner-waving
manifesto-declaring
works of these
movements came out in the 60s (and of
course even earlier in some cues), I
think the 70s is the era when these
movements decided that work bas to go
on in individual consciousnesses-and
thus the prime work (or one of them)
often goes on in people writing biographies: telling what its like to be
woman, black, gay, etc. Helping others
to have a ride inside your skin.''
And Othen: Gail Martin's reading
yielded her engaging ideas. But "they
have little to do with the 70s or with
America." Richard Jones read Chaucer
and Shakespeare simply for the"grandeur of language.'' Margaret Gribakov
sought out "new ideas and issues." Leo
Daugherty's 60s reading in Wittgenstein
taught him how to wade through the
glut of 70s babble to the essence in
writing. He sought truth and clarity in
literature. Maxine Mimms was most
influenced by the works of Tony
Morrison, and books about children,
women, and families had strong impact
on her. "In this complex society I
wouldn't dare to be as flippant as to say
there is one or two of something that is
the best. That excludes and I wouldn't
do that." From now on Maxine will not
select any white male author to read.
For her own mental health she will only
read the writing of women and people of
color including comic books if she hu to.
"There is a strong effort of separatism in
the literary world, but booka only will
not do it for the 80s."
It'• worth the ride aero" town/
943-1352
Where the Hell Is the
Masculinist Moveinent?
Editor'• note:
John Zupa graduated from Evergreen
in 1977 and is currently living In Seattle,
where be is writing an autobiographical
novel, from which these eeleetiona are
taken. The book, When die Bel la die
M.unlialat Movemeat?, ta about "mueulinity'a great self-alienation ... Any group
that needs power and control and need.a
to manipu!Jte, is not a happy group, ta
not a group that loves itself. I think men
need to face bumanit,arianiam and withdraw from personal and global chess. It's
kind of sad to me that the feminist
movement is oriented toward taking the
positions that men have in society,
rather than demanding that men reco&"
nize and mue room for what ia really
feminine." He hopes that the "muculinist movement" will be u important In
the 80s as the feminist move~ent wu
in the 70s.
By John Zupa
It was at Orange Elementary School
that ! learned what happen• to a poor
bastard when his masculinity faila him.
Many a loet. mother-harangued boy
joined ol' J amea Dean in the youth rebellion of the Fifties. The desire for sulclde
WU important, obvious and everywhere.
I thought teenagers were the only O!MS
capable of getting in car wrecks. At leut
that's what the TV told me. Few noticed
children in those days and their reaction
to tbe bomb stuff and the hl.atant mindlessnesa. But if you asked any parent or
teacher in Orange, Connecticut, who
Torrance Mulddon wu, you could be
guaranteed your two hours of excellent
gossip, complete with numeroua raving
accusations. At eight yean of age, the
bastard was a li;genct. A famous man.
That shows you how far we've come
since the good old ape days. Maybe
two inches.
Our name for Torrence Muldoon was
"Tenible Balloon." "Terrible" for abort.
He was blond and beefy. His old man
forced abort hair on him like the tainted
one_
Terrible'• old man bad life twisted
around so completely it's a wonder the
kid stayed sane as long u be did. What
a dork! Fint of all, It wu Rav.ad
Muldoon and be was the antitbeaia of the
good father; rather be was the frapent
preacher gone sour grapes. He wanted
desperately to live out all the ain he
railed against, yet he could not let
himself go. Whilst mingling with h.is
congregation he exercised a military aelfrestraint but at home only great quantities of alcohol and a deluge of misguided
, profanity kept him from murdering h.is
closest loved, his family.
,
Here was a man, dropsy-faced though
he was, who advertised God's Jove, e~
31
pounded on the virtues of all the positive
act.a of man. enolled tboee "true heroea
of our world" who were bra.ve enough to
put up with the stupif;ying boredom of
auburban working life and issued extraordinarf praise to thoee parent.a who
were good to their off.epring. Here was a
man who blaated the bell out of tboee
w:ho would defiower innocent virgins not
would do well to reread it carefully for it
ia precisely th.is, the lack of feminine
equality, that is killing the Reverend
M.uldoonsall over America.
At home, the pathetic old aouse
wanted to do in h.is kid for living out all
that he held In dubious check. It wu at
home that 'torrance Muldoon watched'
his father's otlitr half gain more territory each day. He ~fuck you'd" his congregation in detail, member by member.
He started collecting pornography to find
release from the fantuiea that gripped
him when teenagers of his ~ came to
him with queationa of sex. Then, too, the
young female ia the symbol of lifp and
the more a man fight.a the general fl9w,
the more his payche bate, and depends
upon this symbol because he ia dying.
m. hatred comes from her Inability to
save him and ia imaged in perveree
sexual act.a. Acta designed to connect
and find union, yet to debauch and
' deface. Love and hate. The female, in
the minct of Rev. Muldoon, had gone
completely goddess.. He was with her
each day, but be never faced her on her
own terms. You don't fight gods; you uk
~em what they want of you.
So by and by llferrible" tW'Ded Into a
vicious fuckhead. It wu bis sole deaire
to destroy the ambiguous bullablt that
was humanity. He thought it wu a
goddamn pa to chew the aox off any
half-hearted adversary he could sink bia
fingernails into. He endlesaly worked to
mi.lconatrue the words of othen. A. bia
understanding of life had been gnarled
yet old enough to comprehend what was
into a t.almud of double meanings. ao be
happening to them u "hatefully wicked
responded to the worda of potential
and maniacally deranged." Here wu a
friends.
man who, on the pulpit, bailed the per•
"Hi, Torrance. What's going onr aakl
fection of our mighty deity, our angry
Riggie.
God who would "tear a■under with
"Ya louay creep! I didn't steal nothin'I
merciless wrath" all who dared stand up
Nuttin' er fll kill yal"
in defense of human frailty, human
Pleasant guy, oJd Terrible Balloon.
imperfection. human being. Nol Man. to
good guy to go mountain climbing with.
the Reverend Muldoon, bad but one
Hell of a guy.
job-becoming perfect.
Terrible Balloon waa an neellent
It ia spiritually unfortunate that
shadow figure for me. Without one
Protestantism
has no place for the
noUon of what wu going on. I could
feminine. In that lack of light it is peridentify in him tboee parts of myNlf
hapa the moet deprived religfon on earth.
which I hated. How wonderful moroniam
(It's goddamn ridiculoqa., if you uk me, a
can be; I aimply projected my tackies\ of
pack of aoulleu dildos.) It is through
trait. onto Old T. B. and decided to
feminine procreation that the gift of
punish him for pouesai.ng similar ant.icreation la offered to the male being;
qualiUea. The human mind la a wonderful
without the holy mother, the bleued
Jbing; ita capacity for avoidance la
!'irgin, the virgin goddeu who createa
utounding, ita endleaa.
the savior hero, there can be no tulflll.................
...........
'ment through religion. The savior hero
The
next
paragraph
hun't been said
redeems mankind not with anti-creativso rm going to say it becauae lta tune
ity, war, but by saving a direct connecand men have to atop their Hlf-hatred.
tion to the creative matrix, thua finding
So many timea I cried out: "Touch me
a new way ... the way of homankind.
Daddy, I want to give you all my lover
You may find this paragraph corny as
I wanted to do the thi~ he wished rd
hell ~ it la..hut. on the other hand you
-
__
32
do. but be kept telling me to lull myaelf,
to go away, to be wiped but on the r'OMI.
He kept wiahlng evil down on me and
hoped rd suffocate in my aleep. He
wiahed my old lady, Frannie, wu hia old
lady. He damn near died wben my
mother wu good to me. Jesus, you
should have seen the madneu and heard
him rave. He'd get all puffed out and
boozy red and yell things that came right
up fresh out of hell. at his boy, at bla
son. Tbouaands of t.imea I prayed to that
big indifferent God to heal the old man
and make him give me one bair-tbidt
aunray of approval.
I bad nobody but that old man to tell
me why I bad a penis and ahow me what
manneas wu. Every night rd ult myaelf
what rd done to be "no fucking good.•
and forever unable to do right. And all I
could see wu a blank wall becauae I
knew I wun't even allve when the hell I
wu receiving wu created. I wept and
covered my heaving aoba beneath two
pillow■ and no aoul ever came to comfort
me. I feared and feared and feared a
huge man with a apike and burldub,
lurking in the dark. a man ao warped.
ugly, hairy, atupid and angry that bla
one deu-e wu to deatroy, by cruel
mean■, me, Jackee Leigh.
• I wu ■UNI nobody but I wu a good
boy. I prayed for my father to help me.
to aide with hia own blood, to cheriah my
love, to become my best friend. Instead
he fumed in his penonal bell. be jlidn't
even try to fight it. He could only carry
a cat of nine tails for hia own aon.
An if, by now, your heart is st.ill
forged in a ateel muk and the belt you
can do ia to put thla book down and eat a
pile of ruaty horaeahoe ~ to enamel
yourself againat the pent-up Oood ol
feeling, then you're too aick to help and
you ought to damn well comm.it auidde,
beeauaeyou're slowly dying under your
own aelf-abuae anyway. You're a coward,
a rude and gutleu coward, with a ■aw•
toothed collar around your aoul. and
epitaph written on your tongue. Nothing
lives in a body that cannot love.
So I bad to become embittered, did I?
So I bad to despise and deteat mucullnity, did I? WeJl, if tbat'a what he wanted,
that'■ what the uaele-. anti-life, fuck.
bubble would getl rd turn on him one
day, eeething and ruthleu, but he would
be aurpriaed at hia punishment. I wun't
tough either. I wun't a goddamn John
Wayne-in-the-Green-Beret.a, lousy, lyini
combat hero, either. I wu nobody at
View from the Playpen
that time, a real nobody. I couldn't even
imitate a man becauae rd never aeen
one. You can fornicate with female■ and
atomp the vital juices out of freight can
full of malea, but that doesn't make a
man; It makes a ■cared, puuy-faced,
mother-bound wimp la all. It's fear
diagu.iaedu the "Bravado Myth" ia alll
I waa face down on the burning
uphalt, bleeding. A big man with login'
boot■ on wu grindlllg his heel into the
back of my head. I wu dying becauae I
couldn't spit blood, teeth and tar faat
enough. Thia la what the miaerable,
indifferent God calla Muculinity and told
me I bad to love? No, bate bad me
trapped that time and bad me good.
Hate wu lord over my world and hate
would teach me well. To bate, to akin
the cocltauclten, to make them oozy and
raw, so tender raw, a gentle draft would
send them ahrieklng. That wu what
mannesa wu all about. Blood and hatred.
Ruaty, cold, unfriendly and dark, that'■
what my dad wanted out of his only son.
Boy, I wu aure nobody that time. Hate
wu always nobody, it allowed no part.
nera, no warmth and no love. It'a funny,
when they tou you in the ceaapool of
hatred, '\he only one thing that can haul
your ua out la love and it won't come to
you unleaa you do your damnedest to
love firat. There ian't one chance in hell
for you, if you can't love firat. rve aeen
it, honest, I know.
Editor's Note: T1te Caltve .r Nard I
wu one of the big boolta of the' 70■•
Carter quoted it, everyone t&llted about
it, and its author, Chriatopher Lucb,
became one of the intellectual idol■ of
t.he decade. The following footnote
appears on page 141 of the book:
'When elder■ make no demand.a on the
young, they make it almoat lmpouible
for the young to grow up. A farmer
student of mine, repelled b:, the condit.iona he now face■ u a teacher at Ev~
green State College in Washington,
writes in criticism of reeent changes in
the curriculum. in a atatement to bla
colleagues: "The betrayal of youth at
Evergreen ■tarts from the auumptionshared by many teachers and adminlatra·
tora--that firat-year atudenta are ... only
interested in wallowing in their own
subjectivity and repelled by the thoupt
of doing academic work." Hoping to
bolster flagging enrollment■, he aaya, the
faculty and adminLatration have turned
the first-year currtculum into "a play pen
of self-exploration."
By Paul Mutranplo
A former atudent of a former atudent
of Christopher Laacb waa beard to
babble aubjectively on the aquare. The
incident caused a stir.
A campua meeting waa convened
By Clifford Olin
The Liberated Man wu having a
meaningful relationahip with hia girlfriend, Cindy, ao be uked her if ahe
wanted to abare hia living apace. "We'll
experience oohabltation for a month and
eee if the vibe■ are right. Do you think
you can pt into aomething like tbat7'
"Sure man, living with you would pro. vide the apace for aome real IITOWth.."
Right after Cindy moved ln, the Libented Man made It a point to tell ber
where he wu coming from. "rm really
into giving you plenty of penonal apace
and I want you to feel free to pursue any
interesu you might have. rm rNlly
aecure about our relatJon.ahlp and I try
not to get Into jea)ouay tripa. I rNll:,
want you to be able to do your own
thing and not feel obligated to apel)d
your ■pare time with me."
Cindy wu into art ao ahe rented a
atudio and ■pent muda of her time dom,
p&intinp of Bob Dylan and NeO You.ns,
She prepared soybean dinners In a
vegetarian reataurant and got In the
habit of hanrlnr around after work
drinlt.lnr Imparted beer with the other
employ.... Since thia entailed bu- pt,.
thir Mme at mldnl,tst rather than 10:80,
t.he Liberated l4an bad uaually fallen
uleep on the couch waiting for her. '!he
firat few times thia happened be aafd,
"Where were you? Thought you got off
at ten." "I wu juat driDlting a beer with
the other worker■. We rapped and rot
into each othen apace. We reall7 related
and dug each others trip." The Liberated
Man replied, "That'• f:ar out. rm glad
you're getting into ■haring younelf with
othen." After that be uid nothing IHt
he Intrude on her penonal apace.
.
The next day ahe came home with
Daniel who played guitar. "Daniel la
teaching me aome new aonp." The two
of them atrummed Jacltaon Browne
aonp for about an hour while the Liberated Man aat In the other room reading Ma. Mapzine and the Amason
Quarterly to raiae bla conacloaaneaa.
Then he ambled In and ■aid, "You'n a
really bot ,uitarlat and I think li.'a
beautiful for you to abare your knowledp widtClndy." Later ln the dq the
Libent.d Man told her, "I ean rwJJ;y
aupport 7ov rettlnr Into mule." "Yeah.
I'm really Into experlenclnr playlnr
,uitar."
The next WNlt found her apendinf
very llUlectlme M-Uaet.pad. 8be'd--.troll
In at two a.m., the Liberated Man
usually uleep in bed. He never aalted
her where ■he'd been (not wanting to
get Into being auapldoua or diatruatful)
though ahe volunteered, "fm puttfns a
lot or energy mto p&a71D1gunar ano
painting." "rm clad you're experiencing
having an outlet for your art."
Eveninp at home the Liberated Man
did the bouaework and uaumed a lotua
position to meditate: "Our relaUonahip la
really coming together. We're really In
tune with each other. We're Into our
own tripa and there aren't any ha..
about either of ua being poueuive or
getting into weird jealousy trlpa. We've
rean, got a mellow scene happening
here. lt'a far out."
Onee Cindy didn't come home till nine
o'doclt 1Dthe morning. "I fell asleep at
the studio." "Tbat'a cool." "Daniel aid
he'd Jive me leaaon.eat hia home two
night■ a week." "That Daniel la a really
fine penon and he'a got aome good
ltnowledp to abaN. Go for it. It ahowct
he a good Hperience."
After three weelta of leaaona Cindy
announced, "Daniel and I are having a
meaniqful relaUonahip ao I'm into living
at hia place. fll pt my aturr thia weekend.•
-Moral-Some men try tee bard.
afternoon. The only silence came from an
artist in black who circled the mob and
from her fingertip■ shot keen, red lines
above them. A phyalclst wondered if
they were not trying to bite their own
nose. It grew late and the crowd thinned
out some.
The drone of words took !ta toll on the
conferees. Many fell, literally, to sleep
where they stood. Some others sat upon
their slumbering fellows and quietly
farted. A student in M.P.I. came around
with botdop and coke. He wouldn't take
money, only evaluations.
Finally, at dawn, Chriatopher Lu:.h
stood and pointed a finger at former
students and former students of former
students alilte. Knees knocked. No ooe
moved voluntarily. Sleepers awoke but
did not arise. The birds in the air atood
,till.
After a moment the enormous jaw of
Christopher Luch began to move. A
deep note came from his fearsome belly.
The sonorous tone■ of the ■peaking voice
of Christopher Laach reaonated the
dumpatera. His great eyes, like pollahed
mirrors, shone and enchanted the crowd.
Only a few dared break theit gaze and
listen to his word.a. The rest rocked on
the balla of their feet, whimpering and
■taring at Christopher Lasch.
forthwith in the parking lot of the Mods.
A aoclologlat opened the diacuaalon
aaying he thought babble evinced the
preNnce of the devil, and a core of
paychologiata nodded uaent. A phonologist obaerved with aome diacomfort a
ahnilarity between the aound of the
babble and actual English language, but
paned opinion of morphemic content to
lexicographers. No lexicographer came
forward and eome among the crowd
began to worry.
Everyone bolieved the babble meant
something, but no one wu able to aay
juat what.
Opiniona were cheap on the great
--·
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The Fable of the Man
Who Was Liberated
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By T.J. Simpson
34
year~,.9f,...
~~!1:~?.!11
..
B Goml~~n
Y
Music In the 705 Is much like everylhlng about
the 70s: nothing new aNITled to happen and what
did happen -med
like It happened bef019. In
the 50s, rock was typified by Elvla and JllfTY Lee
Lewla. In the 60s, by the Beetlee, Stones, Dylan,
and Jlml Hendrix. Music In the 70a lool{ed for
a god-heed.
Muak: In the 70s waa dominated, at 11,-1, by
groupa and people held CNer from the 60a. The
antics of the apllt-up Beetlea received attention;
they even made aome mualc. At the end of the
705 Harrison la Involved with mm production,
McCartney with dlaco, Starr with Celllomla, and
Lennon with hla family. Lennon came off the
beat almply by not making an album for almost
six y..,.,
The Rolling Stones earned their title aa the
greeteat rock group of the 705. The albuma
"Sticky Flngera" and "Exile on Main Street" are
classk:a. E-,
their treetment of disco rocked.
They should endure through the
Even alter the loea of Keith Moon, the Who
remain atrong. With ''Tommy" they put out one of
the beet rock movlea of the decade. ''The Kida
Are Alright," an autobiographical film and aounotraclt and the movie "Quadrophenla," about to be
releued, uaure the Who a P'In rock hlatory.
Aa does the recent concert In Cincinnati...
Bob Dylan. In aplte of finding God, no longer
-·
to be the prophet he WU In the eoa.A
divorce, talea of wife beating, and all of hie 70s
albuma (except for "Blood on the Track1'1 did
.him In. .
_ . .
_
The Band pemapa by breaking up, have their
legend fairly Intact. Their lllm, "The Lui WalU,"
may be tt. beat conoert lllm of all time.
Patron lalnt of 60s medneea, Fr90k Zappa, la
ending the 70a on • high note. Hla ~ album
"Joe'a Ga,age," la doing well, u did hla lul ,__
Zappa la Zappa and alwaya wlll be. And now he'a
even more popular.
Other 80a artlets changed mualcal direction
without "aelllng out." Jethro Tull, after complainIng that they -.
"too old to rock and roll,"
releued an album of Nffll-Engllah folk aong
material. The Jelfereon Alrp'changed lhe1r
name and aome membera end became the Siarship. Clapton mellowed end The Deed are •1111
around.
Befora 1970 wu out, the now near-mythical
guitar player, Jlml Hendrix, died.
Par11allyu • r..:tlon to him and partially • •
rmctlon to the rowdyneea and aelf-deatNCtlon of
the 60a In general, groupa like the Eeglee, the
Croaby, Stllla, Nash and Young groupa, and
people llke Jamee Taylor became popular. They
played mellow folk-rock that became one 01 the
. 70a early trenda.
- • • ---Elton J<>lln end o.tld Bowle, two glitter rock
phenomena of the earty .701, ahared root, wll h
the 60a perfonner8. Elton • mualc a comblnatlon of 110a _,ngtul
lyrlca and any fitting
mualcal etyle from country to 5'»-type rock and
roll. After the album "Cept. Fantaatlc," he went
Into • decline, ~ed
by_ hla announcement 01
hie blNXuallty •fl• the lad had puNd and the
relaalng of a a,aco record one.,._ too late. -
.-ty dlaco trend with aonga like "Fame" end
"Golden y_,._ • Hie sponaorahlp of Iggy Pop,
one of the 11,-t punka, appeared well timed end
fl\Jltful for both.
•
In lieu of Hendrix, a new IOflTI of mualc appeered to placate the peopl11with a thlr81 for loud
guitar. Celled "hant rock," "Heavy rock," or
"heavy metal," or aometlmea "Idiot rock," It oonalat, of loud ba11, crashing drum,, vocal
acreama, and wah-wah, luutone,
and echo
effecta 11,-1uaed by Hendrix. Black Sebbath and
Led Zeppelin are the two grandfathera of thl1 8111>g«1re, which haa roota In the 60a group Iron
Butterlly. TheN groupa, In tum, led the way !Of
any- with a guitar and aome bluee llcka, like
Aeroamlth, Ruah, Foghat, end Van Halen.
Unlortunelaly, Oleeo WU the llr8t t'Mily onglnel
mualc of the 70e. Van McCoy releued a aong, In
1974, called "The Huelle" and a dancing Cf1IZ9
eoa.
patioI salon
, .,.~,
I
' ~ .,
~
1i-.;:::::;.--..i
Jazz.
ft,;~~,,,
.._ __
----~
• Fualon u-
~
~from
New Yortl to Celllomla. Diaco gobbled up both perlonner8 and muelc: "MacArthur'•
Park," ''The A Taln," and "Stairway to Heaven" all
fell to dllCO. Rod Stewart and the Stonee legged
I bigger beat onto their rock and went for It.
Donna summer and the Bee
the
biggest dlaco ,ucceaaee. Summer, a pop alnger
In the mold of Diane Roa, found IU00N8 with a
aong called "Love to Love You, Baby." Time
megazlne counted aver 30 moena. H• mualc 11 •
blend of vocala, aynthealzed atr1nga, and ,,..
chl,,..llke bua, IOflTllng • mechanized hypnotic
muelc. She'• recently l'llCOfded with Barbara
Strelawld, pniaumably to "mellow" her while updating Strelaand.
,
lt'a typlcal of the non-or1glnellty of the 70. that
the Bee o.a. a group who onglnally found lame
In the eoau a.11 .. lmltatore, would become
one of the blgoeat aell!ng groupa of the 70a,
Their mualc and their movie, "Saturday Night
F_, .. 1a the 70s: - were juat atayln' allve and
going nowhere.
Diaco wee a r..:tlon agalnat the 809.Flaahy
eynthetlca end formation dancing took the place
of faded jeena and e,oteet ~-
o.. ,._
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egaln1t the mellowneM of pop end
the 1tegnetlon and _,th
of the Ntabllahecl rock
band1. But punk loat much 01111 -gy
In hype.
St0f1N ebout punks pointing to lack of talent,
blz:an-eclothing, and aalety pine In odd pl~,
cauaed It lo die.
Although punk la dead, It gave birth to at i.at
two typea of mu1lc and counu ... groupa, all
hyped u the Beall•. One of t'muak:a 11
New Wave, much of which aoundt like nwamped
608 aounda. The Cef9 UN bom>wed a..tl•
and
Buddy Holly llcka coupled with aynthaalzer
technology. Some uy thl1 la the aound of the
80a. The Knec:lc,called the Fat> Four, put obeoane
lyrlca and hall-muttered phto • dllCX>-llke
beat.
Many of the other N- w-.
are mont origlnal; they borrow from the !109• well u the eoa.
Patty Smith, Bruce SprlngatNn end EMa Coatello
are good exampl•.
Funk la the third new muelcal tl'9fld. Stevte
Wonder, Ohio Players War, and Curtl• Mayfleld
-.
foren.,nnera of thla; they all had aucceea
bef019 dl100. Funk grww out of them and older
110111
mualc like Ja/Ma Brown, and R&.B. Earth
Wind and Fire, Funkadellc and Bootay'e Rubber
Band play dancNble aonga and enjoy hit 1'900rda.
Jazz rock, onglnally play11d by Chlcego and
Blood s-1
and Teare, gave birth to a fourth
IOO'(I: Jazz lualon. Jazz mualc:lene, like Helt>le
Hancock, Chic eor.., and John McLaughlin
began to add funk and rock element, to their
u a prot•t
111 N. Wuhington 867""812.
1ynthealzer1, guitar eflecta, and
aneppy bua llnea to propel the melodlee. Recently, mualclane In thll llekl have added Latin,
lndlen and other ethnic colore to their ~ett•.
Al
Dlmeola and Santanna .. examplea.
The fualon movement la part of a reeurgence of
JazzIn the 70e. George Benaon, Chuck Mangione,
and _,
Herb Alpert had hit llnglN. Thia ~
ment la • rellecllon, too, of • general trend
toward• mixing mualc: country-rock, reoo--rock,
91 al.
Which br1nga ue to reggae. Reggae rella entlrely on the beat. Electric bua repeat• one Of
two bulc r1ffe, percuealon la uNd IOI' colOI' and
the gult• contr1but• hi-hat Ilka ellnka. The lyrlca
ara ueually powerful, expreealng outrage at
oe,prNalon and often pr9Khlng togethemeea.
Female YOcallate prominent In the 70a.
ca,ty Simon, Carole King and others releued
eni<>Yal)le aono• but did little to change mualc.
Linda Ronatadt gave up country end folk aonga
and had big aucx:eu, u • "torch elnger," with
aUck country-pop and remakee of elaealc rock
aonga. FernalN are prominent In HNl'I, • female
Led Zeppelin, and Blondle, • ~ Wave group.
Joni Mltehell la forging atlad Into Jazz with her
lat•t album "Mingus," • tribute to the legendary
bual11t1.
Country-f'ock 11 related to another 70. 8111>g«1re Southern Rock • bluee-rock bued muale
with ~ country llcka throwri In. The onglnel
the Allman Brothers' blind. They lneplred many •
other groupa-Lynan:I Skynerd, U. Top, Wet Wellle
and the Outlawl. Southern rock la beelcally good
down-home Jamming and fOI' a white offered an
alternative to '-Ylly l)l'oduoed recorde.
The moat '-"lly
l)l'Oduoed 1'900rdeof the 70a
occurred In • genre called apece Of machine ax:11' lmeraon, Lake and Palmer, Y•, Alan Paraona,
and Pink Floyd. -r,Immen•
ayntn.ieollegee, muele to watch atrobe llghta by, have
either no lyr1ca 01' very almple OON.
Seventlaa pop muale, formerly bubblegum,
gave ua a glittering uaortment of people. TV
ltarl like John Travolta, Oevkl Soul and INIIYboppar Idol• Ilka Shawn Caaaldy, P9t• Frampton,
end ArwJy Gibb all had hit 1'900rda. The recordbuying publlo ,. "" young.
5-ltlea
mualc remains apllntered. Another
BNtlee CK Dylan waa ,-found. Good mualc,
white crated, aeemed to get on the radio.
Looking back on more than twenty ~ of rock
It -•
hard to belleve that "Rock Around the
Clock" COUid IW to "SubtHomNlck
Bluee," only to metamCKphlae Into "Stayln' Alive "
The cinema In the 70s wasn't any better Of any
worae than It waa In any other decade. However,
it waa the first decade In which there were no
restr1ctlona In terms of nudity, sex, vlolence, and
"profane" language. Among the major trends
-e
A TIie "dlaaater'" morie, 1 nfOflTI of gladiator apone In which mom, dad, Junior, ela, and
gr81Tlps could eagerly 1ntlcl1>1te which of their
favorite TV sta,. on u,. sliver acreen would gel
killed next. Unfortunately, this trend atlll seems
to be going atrong.
B TIie "bluploltatlon" mowte, an early 70s
genre In which the white super macho Jamee
Bond typea were replaced by black auper-mach<>
Super-Fly Of Shaft typea. Many black ,_,.,..
felt
that these film, were more rw::lat and damaging
to blacks than the old Stepln' Fetehlt 1ten10typea,
despite their overwhelming popularity with black
audlencea.
c. The MPoet-Walefgate" ayndnlffle, lllms that
dealt with the new cynicism and dlelllualon•
ment with the American system and 118 Inherent
ccm,ptlon. Polanakl'11"Chinatown" wu the 11,-1
of this genre, which Polansld hlmaell deaerlbed
as a 'Wetergate with reel water." Thia wu followed by auch lllma ae Coppola'• "The Conversation," Pollack'• "Three Daya of the Condor,"
Penn'a "Night MOll98," Pakula'e "All the Prelldent's Men," Pecklnpah'a ''The KIiier Elltt," and
Bogdanovlch'a "Saint Jack."
o. The Vietnam Syndrome, • late 70s trend
where American lllmmakera -.
finally able to
eKamlne our Involvement In the Vietnam war with
such lllma as "Apocalypae Now," "The Oeerhunter," "Who'll Stop the Rain?" "Coming
Home," and ·-oo Tell the Spartana."
E The "liberated Woman",,._,
heralding
the ~ of lllma by women dlrectora (Line
Wertmuller, Claudia Weill, Joan Mlcklln Sll-..r,
and Joan T-kesbury) and lllma by men f•tur1ng
strong, Independent female characten ("Julla,"
"An Unmarried Woman," "Allee Doesn't Live
Here Anymore").
F. The Honor and Science Fiction R..tYel. New
technlcal wonderS on the screen and • aadlstlc
~ oor•and bloodlelllng that Buck Roge(s and
The Wollman could never have Imagined.
G. The German .._
wave" became the most
publicized movement In foreign lllms. The lllms
of Herzog, Fasablnder, and Wendera were those
moat often shown In thla country. f-,
tho their
mma -.
cleer1y Influenced by the French new
wave of the 60s, they picked up whefe the French
left off.
H The "cull" fllm. FIims that cr1tlca hate that
attracts a large masa audience of young people,
usually college atudents. Fllma llke "Harold and
Maude" end "King of HMrts" pandered to the
audience'• already axletlng llberal nctlona of
craziness and war without ever being challenging
Of thought-pr.>YOklng. Many people would go to
theN Juel to be part of the crowd, • trend that
peaked with the audience participation of "The
rocky-horTOr-pictu.-.show," • nightmare for theater ownera. -T. J. Slmpaon
Of course, thla Is way too brief • aummary tor
auch a complex subject, but thla newapeper only
haa so much space. We asked the lollowlng film
enthualaats what they thought the beat and WOfll
films of the decade were end here's their
response
Gary Alan May, former Friday NIie Films
=dlnator
and former manager of the nowdefunct Cinema
Beat Films of the seventies
The American Friend (Wlm Wanders)
Heart of Glua (and anything else by Werner
Herzog)
Er8e«head (David Lynch)
The Men Who Fell lo Earth (Nicholas Roeg)
Who'll
Stop
the
Rain
(Karel
Reisz)
Days ot HeaY&n(Terrence Malk:l<)
Last Tango In Paris (Bernardo Bertoluccl)
Chinatown (Roman Polanski)
Saturday Night Fever (John Badham)
The Last Waltz (Martin Scorsese)
T J Simpson, Friday NIie Films co-ordinator,
movie Junkie, amateur lllm critic, and aspiring
unemployment statistic
The ten best In order of preference
70s
Cinema
Sharron Coontz, TESC program secretary and
sometimes CPJ lllm critic.
Sleeper
Coualn, Couslne
Harold and Maude
Play It Again, Sam
lnteriOfl
They Might Be Giants
Ouackser Fortune Has a Cousin Living
Bronx
The Girlfriends
Annie Hall
Sia shot
in
lhe
Larry Doberstein, TESC profecllonlst
The ten best.
1 Tree of Wooden Clogs (Ermano 01ml)
2. Oersu Uzala (Akira Kuroa1wa)
3. The Oeerhunter (Michael Cimino)
4. Apocalypse Now (Francis Ford Coppol•J
5 C&tch-22 (Mike Nichole)
6 Mean Streela (Martin ScOfseseJ
7 Soenes from I Marriage (Ingmar Bergman)
8. Kaspar Hauser (Every Man for Himself and
God Agalnat All) (Werner Herzog)
9 Ceberet (Bob Fosse)
10. The Last Detail (Hel Ashby)
huoert C CumbOw-contrlbutor to Movletone
News and former film critic for the Olympia N-a
The top ten. you a1y? Just ten? Very well,
then In this order:
1 Nashville (Robert Altman, 1975)-The clnem•
a1tema1e1yex1>1ndedand contracted. American myth-making 11 Its very best.
2 The Godfather (Fr8ncls Ford Coppol•. 1972
and t974)-Amerlcan
myth-making at its
aecond-beat;
through darkened rooms.
whispered offers, and stilled cries, a journey
to the hollow center of the heart
3 Chinatown (Rornen Polanakl, 1974)-An uncompromlalng contemporary master of evll
ovemauls I traditional and well-loved genre.
flnalng unforgettable truths about human
frailly: "Forget it. Jake. ll'a Chinatown "
4 11 ConfOflTllsta (The Conformist) (Bernardo
Bertoluccl. t970)-Part Lang, part Welles, and
100 percent atyllah audacity The pollllcal
polemic become decadent decoupage
5 Annie Hall (Woody Allen, 1977)-Allen·s
nervous romance la II once • haunting love
story, a al)lrkllng comedy, and • sincere and
power1ul piece of self-criticism
6 Obseaslon (Brian OePalma, 1976)-0e Palma's
homage 10 HltchcOCI<layered on Paul Schrader's homage to Dante The descent, the
UGeOt, and the never-ending circle
7 Barry Lyndon (Stanley Kubrick, 1975)-An
18th century film with an 18th century viewpoint about the pasalon seething beneath the
Age ot Reason It was no accident that one of
the top ten of the Sixties, the same director'a
2001 A s,.ce Oc:ly11ey.also cllmued In an
16th century room
e M· A ·s· H (Robert Altman, 1970)- There 1s no
89C8plng It Whether by accident of timing or
by design of purpoM, this was the formative
fllm of the Seventies, and no film that loilowed II was onetlected
9. The Emigrants and The New Land (Jan Troell,
1972. 1973)-Border 10 bOrder. II p1ctor11I
genous lolls every frame of this epic saga of
tear,ng up old roots and sinking new The
original culture-shock
tO Mean Streets (Marlin Scorsese
1973)Scooped off the scorched bcllom of the melt
mg pol E1u1>er1n1youth, dragged down by a
heritage of guilt
1 Last Tango In P1rls (Berneroo Bertoluccl)
2 Oeys of Heaven (Terrence Mallek)
3 Taxi Driver (Martin Scorsese)
4 Chlnetown (Roman Polanski)
5 Allee In the Clllea (Wlm Wanders)
6. The ConlOflTliat and (6A.) 1900 (Bertoluccl)
7 Nashvllle (Robert Allman)
e. The Story of Adele H. (Francois TI\Jffaut)
9. Who'll Stop the Rain? (Karel Reisz)
10. Missouri Breaks (Arthur Penn)
Nancy Duncan (the person who gave us "The
Cinema" and managed to keep It alive for over
2½ years)
There were dozens of great lllms; these atana
out, In no par1lcular order
Alice Ooean't Live Here Anymore-(Marlin
Scorsese) This la one of the ,_ lllms where
women reelly talk to eech other. And I like Alk:e
Harold and Maude-(Hal Ashby) I know Ihle
Isn't a great lllm I don't care. II ~ dated the
last lime I saw It, but I loved It for years, and I
s1111think of Maude aomelimes. Talk abou1 role
models.
Star Wara-(George Lucas) Certain contused.
muddily-photographed foreign lllma are justified
as being "seminal." Star W111 la reelly 1181Tllnelask anybody under the age of 12 And I had a
great lime.
Who'll Stop the Raln?-(Karel Reisz) A brave
and basically simple man agrees to cany a fpounds of heroin for a friend. He enda up riskIng his Ille, Involved with hie friend's wile-brave,
honeat, but all for I few pounds of ahlt. The best
metaphOI' for Vietnam I've SMn, and by far the
best movie about Vietnam yet
__
Tne following are too difficult to aay anytn,ng
1boul In the "keep II to a couple of Nnlences"
requeated. They are all wortla ol genlua, atunnlng
In their Integrity ar.d beluty. Deeplte all the noise
In the lnduatry about percentagea and profits,
these 81'9 what movies are all about. I'm grateful
to the people who made them
Deya of Heaven (Terrance Mallick)
Oerau Uzala (Aklra Kuroaawa)
Do des ka den (Aklra KurOSIWI)
Eraserhead (David Lynch)
1900 (Bernardo Beroluccl)
"The
~
Asterisk~
QUALITY:
CHEESES
IMPORTED
BEERS
MEATS
TEAS
WINES
COFFEES
SANDWICHES
11•7 Monday-Saturday
12-5 Sunday
Westside Center between
Word-of-Mouth Books and
Rainy Day Records
hem ''
It's A
ernment and politi•
rge. Survival will
incorporate this
to our practical
be based on
and diKipline.
1980 will die
year pattern
y since 1840.
rough health
uaa11ination.
, even during
t,.year period
nt Carter is
ive bis second
The 19801 will
where the $eve
Pluto entered th
remain there
time the world
changing co
will continue
national and
the Libran
justice. Thi.I
cause in tbete
to continue
work of valu
final 16 yean
Pluto begim
sign of Scorpio
there until the
Pluto both repre
ation, conaequentl
period will be "rege
next 20 years will
time for the world.
self-destruction will be
will probably come very cl
ing ourselves, perhaps even
times. Fortunately Pluto hu i
tranait through the signs of Lib
Scorpio. The biblical book of Revela
says that "unless these times were
shortened there would be no flesh
saved." The greatest danger of plague,
k the beginning
eptune will be
uarlus and Pluto
Sagittarius. T~
an influence that
ormation of world
ligion. U we manage
xt 20 years we will aee
d government bued on
umanitarianism and on a
t UHi new technology and
of energy. The beginning of
quarian age will also bring the
of a 1000-year period in which
peace on earth will finally become a
reality.
. SEt.,_FSTORAGt:
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JOYFUL HOLIDAY SEASON
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