The Cooper Point Journal Volume 11, Issue 2 (October 14, 1982)

Item

Identifier

cpj0288

Title

The Cooper Point Journal Volume 11, Issue 2 (October 14, 1982)

Date

14 October 1982

extracted text

Washington Joins Suit Against Secretary Watt
" After all these years of research we st ill
cannot contain oil on open sea ."
The leasing plan was formally approved
by Watt three months ago. Its policies
are significantly different than those
implemented by his predecessor, Cecil
Andrus. Under the current plan there are
no longer stipulations which requi re that
development procedures be co nsi stent
with the state's shoreline program . An
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) will
be completed for an entire planning unit,
and then petroleum interests will nominate spec ifi c tracts for lease Publi c
opinion will be soli cited but th e ultima te
dec ision is up to Watt .
In the case of Californ ia, Secretary Watt
' etu rn ed hi s de c ision one d,l Y afte r
lengthy publi c comment W.l' , ubmitted
fh e Stat e of Cali fornia is cu rrently ; ueing
the Department of In terior O\ er thi ; very
point . They have charged that Watt did
not suffi ciently addre~, Ihp ,HPas o t public
con cern and that the enti n ' pl an IS inconsistent with their shorpllnP manage·
ment plan s.
In contrast . dUring Cec il A ndrus's tellure
as Secretary of In teri or under the Carter
Administration, a balan ce between industry and the environment was sought.
Andrus implemented the " tentative tract.
selection " process, in which the petroleum
interests would specify individual tracb
for cons ideration . An EIS would then be
done on that tract area and consideration
given to the adjacent communities and
state government .

by Dan Gorham
Washington State joined Alaska, California, and numerous environmental
groups last month in a legal suit against
the Department of Interior. The suit challenges I nterior Secretary James Watt's
plan to lease one billion acres of off-shore
area for oil and gas exploration and
development.
Currently, Washington and Oregon
shorelines are not included in the plan,
however, state officials argue that such a
proposal would set irresponsible precedent
in coastal shoreline management. State
officials c ite that Washington's marine
resources will be adversely affected under
the current plan. The fish, mammals, and
birds whi ch inhabit Washington's coast,
are for the majority migrating species
whose migratory routes will be directly
affected.
Under the cu rrent plan, enormous
parcels of off-shore areas will be grouped
together as planning areas and a single
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) will
be completed for each area. Although not
included in the current plan, the coastlines of Washington and Oregon are
grouped together as a potential planning
unit. Brian Walsh, Outer-Shelf Coordinator
for the Department of Ecology said: 'We
don't think leasing a sale of 20 to 25
million acres in size is a responsible
approach. "
Washington's marine resources provide
a vital element in the state's economy. A
1976 survey shows that there are 450
licensed commercial wholesale dealers in
the state which process salmon and shellfish. Estimates indicate that approximately

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AReo Explores Puget Sound

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150 million salmon, shellfish, and bottomfish are harvested an nuall y at a value of
$72 million to fishermen and a wholesale
value of $150 million .
More than half of the 993 million acres
included in the new lease plan are in
Alaskan waters. State officials here are
justly concerned as heavy industrial
disturbances along the Alaskan coast
could have significant effects on Washington's salmon industry.
Washington State has argued in their
law suit that Secretary Watt and the
Interior Department ignored their legal
mandate to balance environmental and
economic considerations in their leasing
program. Revenues from off-shore oil
leases are second only to the Internal
Revenue Service for generating federal

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by Dan Gorham
The Commander, a seismic exploration
vessel contracted by Atlantic Richfield, is
now cruising the waters of Puget Sound in
searc h of geological formations which
may hold gas and oil reserves .
Arco Gas and Oil of Dallas, Texas, a
subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield, originally
proposed to explore as 'Duch of the Sound
as possible. However, since those preliminary requests were made this summer,
Arco has decided to concentrate in the
northern waters from the Straits of Juan
de Fuca south to Seattle.
The exploration process is conducted
by firing an air gun under water. The 66meter vessel tows a 1, 100-meter cab le
equipped with sensoring devices which
record vibration signals. These vibrations
provide a clue to geologists as to the
composition of the underlying rock strata.
Although it may all seem like a Jules
Verne fantasy at thi s point, the data collec ted by the Commander cou ld be used
to locate potential oil and gas reserves
both beneath the Sound and in the surrounding Olympic Penirisula and Western
Cascade Slope.
Under the current charter of the state's
Shoreline Management Act, actual drilling
on the Sound is forbidden . However, it is
possible to tap underwater reserves by
slant drilling from shore. Through the
slant drilling process, a deep dome formation could be tapped from within two

Cover Photo: . Photo by Nielsen
Dams such a.s this on~ at Wynoochee Lake In the
Olympic National Forest highlight the Northwest'
vast capacity for generating hydroelectric power.

Quote of the Week: '
The Urge to Buy Terrorizes You.

funds.
Gov. John Spellman told the Seattle
Times last month : " Simply stated, the
Department of I nterior's proposed program offers too much too soon ."
In addition to proposing the most
aggressive off-shore program to date, the
Reagan Administration has cut back funds
to regulate coastal zone programs. The
Coastal Zone Management Program
funneled $27 million to agencies in Washington State in 1980 for the administration
and research of shoreline areas. Coastal
states are now fa ced with a pending
petroleum boom and inadequate funds to
administer the projects.
" The states now have less power to
Although the safety record of off-shore avoid areas of environmental concern :'
oil rigs is fairly good, state officials still sa id Brian Walsh of the Department of
anticipate problems. One particular hazard
Ecology
involved in drilling in Pacific Northwest
Watt's 5-year plan cal ls for leasing offwaters is the inclement weather. An oil shore tracts in northern and central Calispill on rough water would be virtually fornia in 1983. The continen tal shelf off
impossible to clean up with the traditional southeast Alaska would be leased in 1984.
skimmer technique. In a Seattle · Times . the Kodiak Island area in 1986 and the
article regarding the recent oil spill in the Al askan Peninsula in 1987. One billion
Straits of Juan de Fuca, United States acres i, roughly the size of 13 large
Coast Guard spokesman Dale Miller said: Western states .

miles of the shoreline. State law stipulates
that an actual drilling rig can be established no closer than 1,000 feet from the
shoreline.
Although slant drilling remains a possibility, Arco's primary interest is more
likely the surrounding land formations. An
Arco geologist aboard the boat said : "Our
principle intent is to obtain a regional
picture of the Northwest."
Seismic exploration by boat is a relatively inexpensive means of collecting
preliminary data on the composition of
underlying minerals. "A similar project on
land would be much more expensive and
time consuming," said Brian Walsh of the
Department of Ecology (DOE) . A land
survey would require the use of trucks,
helicopters, exp losives and additional
manpower.
The last seismic survey on Washington
waters raised havoc amongst the state's
crab fishermen . In December of 1980, a
simil ar survey was conducted on the
Pacific Coast by Ogle Petroleum . In that
instance 1,200 crab pots were destroyed
when towed under by the trailing seismic
cab le .
Considering the historical opposition to
the oil industry in Puget Sound, it should
be noted that Arco is handling the current
project with kid gloves. After a public
survey was conducted by the DOE of sur. rounding communities, Arco began working to mitigate potential problems with
the fishing industry and local commu nities .
In that survey, both Thurston and Kitsap ,
Counties, flatly rejected the-;-exploration
proposal. In a reply letter to the DOE, the
Thurston County Commissioners cited the
intense commercial and recreational use
of the Sound and expressed concern over
the slow flushing action of the lower
Sound as reasons for their unanimous
rejection .

King Lysen, Independent candidate for U.S . Senate was on campus this past week talki ng 10 Sludenl s.
He said : "WPPSS is a lorm 01 economic bondage. We're (the state) in danger 01 becoming a colony
and they·re (Wall Street) going 10 milk the money out 01 us."
Ph olo by Nielsen

STAFF
Co-Editors : John W . Nielsen , ThOmas Schaaf
Legislative Editor :
Writers :

Ethan Kelly

Arts Editor :

Patrick O'Hare, Dan Gorham,

Production Manager : Erin Kenny
Eric Brinker

John W. HIli, Arthur

Welliver, Stephen Kisller, David Gaff, Camey Combs
Business Manager : Margaret Morgan

Sports Editor :

. Duane Heier

West ,
Graphics : Gerry Amandes

Adve'!ising Manager : James Bergin

The Cooper Point Journal is published weekly for the students, staff and faculty of
The Evergreen State College. Views expressed are not necessarily those of the college
or of the Journal's staff. Advertising material contained herein does not imply
endorsement by the Journal. Offices are located in the College Activities Building
(CAB) 104. Phone: 866-6213 . All announcements for News and Notes or Arts and
Events should be typed double-spaced, listed by category, and submitted no later
than noon on Friday, for that week's publication. All letters to the ~itor must be
TYPED DOUBLE-SPACED, SIGNED and inch.i&! a daytime phone number where the
author may be reached for consultation on editing for libel and obscenity The
editor reserves the right to reject any material, and to edit any contributions for
length, content and style. Display advertising should be received no later than
Monday at 5 p.m. for that week's publication.
, Oct. '4, 1982 The Cooper PoInt Joumal page 1

Commentary

Analysis

Mod Residents to Pay Their Own Electric Bills

Long Range Energy Planning: A Question of Direction

by Arthur West

Beginning this january, students who
live in modular housing will be charged
for the electri c energy they consume .
While espoused as a move to promote
conservation, many believe this plan
merely translers the economic burden
caused by poor planning to the residents
of the Mods.
Though long a familiar feature of the
TESC ca mpus, the Mods were not designed
to be a permanent fixture on the Evergreen landscape. Or iginally intended as
" Temporary Student Housing," the Mods
were constructed In 1972 from largely prefabricated components. They were to
have had an operating lifetime of four
years, at which point the site was to have
become a parking lot for further (Phase II)
housing.
Maintenance staff member Richard
Johnson has had direct experience work ing on the Modular Housing units .
" The Mods ," said Johnson, " were made
from pretabr icated boxes unJoaded from
semi<; and bolted together in a matter of
days Settl i ng has occu rred to the extent
that there is probably not a perfectly
square wall or ceiling in the whole lot.
Three years ago we replaced al l the unib
roof.. , la,t year we rebuilt nearly al l the
units' porches and replaced a number 01
fixtures , and we continue to restore the
outside woodwork as it decays ."

viewed in a dubious light by many Mod
residents, who believe Housing is unfairly
transferring the burden caused · by poor
planning onto already financiall y pressed
students.

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TESe's Modular Housing units offer students the chance to experience luxurious suburban living.
Since the Modular Housing units were
planned and constructed during a period
of cheap electricity, energy efficiency
was a low priority. Reliable hydroelectric
systems were generating power in abundance, gas was 50 cents a gallon, and
"whoops" was something said after small
accidents . Under such conditions, and
considering the temporary nature of the
structures, it is not surprising that such
features as electric baseboard heaters and
no insulation were components of the
design .

sure that the amount of insulation in the
Mods corresponds to the standards for
such units at the time of their construction. However, you have to reali ze that at
the time electricity was extremely cheap.
This whole school was designed under the
assumption that energy would be inexpensive forever. This is the cause of many
problems now."
While economically justified in temporary housing during a period of cheap and
plentiful electricity, the combination of
scanty insulation and inefficient electric
baseboard heaters is disastrous in a period
of regional power mismanagement and
skyrocketing electri c rates.
The current plan to remedy the situation is to make the students pay. This is

" The question of whether the Mods are
energy effiC ient depends on how the term
is defined and from whose perspective it
is viewed, " commented johnson . " I am

" Housing is not considering the best
interests of students in this matter," maintains Mod resident Dave Henderson . " I
feel that this action is a ploy by the
administration to extract more money
from students for housing units which
have already paid off their initial investment. The fact that Housing plans to
impl ement this strategy during january,
the period of peak heating use, underlines
the economic motives behind the policy "
However, members of the Housing administration see no reasonable alternatives, Despite the fact that TESC eligibility
for external ly funded conservation plans
has not been fully explored, Housing
officials insist their goal is to reduce
consumption.
" Purely and simply, our motive is conservation," explained Housing Director
Bob Carlson . "People tend to use less
electricity when they are held accountable
for it. "
Carl son also noted that Housing has
considered a number of insulation strategies, and that electric rate increases,
"practicall y every quarter," were a factor
in the decision .
Some believe that the matter deserves
more consideration. Since the majority of

Tensi on Runs Hlegh at PUD Meetleng''~~~:~b~~et~r~~:~ ~ne~~~a~,I~t~O;~~S'.
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by tthan Kelly and Arthur West
The setting is the rustic meeting room
01 the.AarQnsen building in Shelton. As
Ihe room begins to fill with citi zens , one
c" n fee l the presence of ordinary hard"l)(~ing people who are farmers , laborers,
anel small businessmen trying to li ve an
ordinary life where they can raise thf'ir
children , attend church, sociali ze with
I'wnds, and pay their bills. But one can
,,;,0 di.,ce rn an undercu rrent of tension . It
dOt'S not take long to rea lize that the
ter.wJIl is present because these people
i". 1t' \\orriecl that the decisions being made
,,: Ihi, meeting could make it more diffi1 ill for them to pay their bills . The meet: :l ~ they are attending is Mason County's
I ,It( Utility Distri ct (PUD) weekly
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o (t ,I,', '" !,iS t Monday evening. One week
b 'ton', ('ount v PUD Commission Chairn ';111 Phil i )~"" nt e had ca ll ed a surprise
rlf.'et ing, "nri With only one other Comr)"s ion Ch,lIrlllan Phil Durante had ca lled
a , urpri se meeting, and with on ly one
01 her Commissioner present (Lloyd Suer),
thf" . voted to oust tour members of the
cCJunty's PUD Citizen Advisory Committee The Citizen Advisory Committee contains 12 seats. Each of these seats belongs
to various citizen groups, such as labor,
env ironmental , and sma ll business groups.

Each of the groups elect the man or
woman who will represent them on the
Committee. It is the view of these groups,
that only they should replace their
spokesperson on the Committee. I f the
commissioners can replace Citizens
Advisory members whenever they wish
Ihen why have this Committee at all,
Illany Mason County citizens are asking
Ihemselves.
Mason County PUD Commissioners
r reated the Citizens Advisory Committee
I)rimarily to calm last spri ng's uproa'r by
'\l ason County ratepayers over their skyrocketing electric rates . Most of the
blame for the rate hikes was placed on
Ihe Washington Public Power Supply
System's (WPPSS) seeming inability to
('ontrol cost overruns on its five nuclear
power plants Mason County has invested
in plants four and five, which are now
being terminated . Mason County stands to
lose millions of dollars it has invested in
the two nuclear plants , without ever
ha~ing received a single kilowatt of power
in return . Four of the twelve citizen
Advisory members were irate enough to
organize a recall of Commissioners
Durante and Lloyd Suer, the two commissioners who have held office throughout
Mason County's involvement with WPPSS.
They are also the two commissioners

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FREDS SPECIAL OMELETS'

who dismissed the four AdvisorY Committee members two weeks ago.
At last Monday's meeting; Commlssioner Durante admitted that he may not
have handled the ouster of the four in the
best way, but remained steadfast say ing:
" I have to admit last week's action was
somewhat abrupt and cou ld have been
handled better. I do not apologize however." He denied the dismissals had anything to do with the activities of the four
in trying to recall him. He would say only
that the four were a " disruptive" influence on the Advisory Committee,
However, Burt Long, one of those
ousted by Durante, disagreed : "We were
removed because we spoke out against
the comm issioners' handling of the
WPPSS fiasco and because we exercised
our right as citizens of this country to
attempt to do something about it."
Robert joel, who covers the PUD commission for KMAS radio in Shelton,
concurs : " The committee people didn' t
carry their recall activities into the committee at all. The decisions they were
making were broadbased," said joel. He
added : "Durante couldn't separate their
recall activities from PUD business ." joelconcluded that Durante has made a serious
political blunder : "If he takes them back
he looks weak and would have to admit
that he made a mistake, and if he doesn't
he will continue to incur the wrath of
Mason County ratepayers. I wouldn't want
to be in his shoes."
Last Friday, Durante met privately with
the heads of the four groups whose representatives he dismissed, According to
sources, he opened the meeting with a
statement titled, "Why I Did It," in which

CRAB CHOWDER WEDS ONLY
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throughout the rest of the year.
Resident Michael Kelly feels that: "A
reasonable baseline of energy use above
whicR students would be.ci:1arged would
accomplish the same goal (holding students responsible for electric use) without
plaCing students at the mercy of mercurial
seasons and merciless WPPSS-Iords. "

he restated his reasons for the dismissal of
the four and again rejected the demands
of the groups involved (as well as the
other eight advisory members who are on
record in t heir support of the four) to
reinstate the four. The entire affai r remains unresolved.
It is apparent that the Mason County
PUD is aware that it has a public relations
mess on its hands. To confirm the point,
the commissioners unveiled their goals
and objectives for the coming year at last
Monday's meeting. Ironically, their top
priority is not to reduce Mason County's
utility bills, but rather to "improve the
utility's image" through the hiring of a
public information officer. Many in the
audience were not impressed, and several
indicated they fear the public information
officer would be little more than a "propaganda chief" who would further insulate
the commissioners from the public.
Throughout this controversy Commissioner Durante has been unavailable for
comment. However, last Friday the CPj
contacted Commissioner Suer at his
home. He stated his reasons for supporting the dismissals in blunt terms:
"They were in there heckling us all the
time and we didn't like that. Their people
were on the board and we didn' t like that
and they were trying to recall us, and we '
didn't like that." Suer concluded: "You
can't serve two masters." The citizens of
Mason County probably won't like that
either. Stay tuned ,

RICHARDS

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livlllg In the Mods dUring the willter will
in effect be subsidizing lower unit costs

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352·9-114

PLEA E MENTION THIS AD

by Patrick O'Hare
With winter knocking on your door
again, you may be thinking about putting
up that weather-stripping and plastic. You
might be stocki ng up on wood arid rolling
out the flannels . That's if you're looking
ahead. january seems a little distant
though , so maybe you'l l put it off fo~ a
wh il e.
The year 2000 AD. seems a lifetime
away by compa ri son, but right now, thi s
region's energy future as far as the year
2000 is being planned .
Congress passed the Pacific Northwest
Regiona l Power Act in 1980, which provided for a regional power planning council. Under the chairmanship of former
Governor Dan Evans, the counc il is preparing a plan (due to be adopted in April
of next year) that will act as a blueprint
for the region's energy development.
The plan will forecast how much power
will be needed over the next two decades,
what sources that power should come
from, and it will specify measures that are
needed to protect the Columbia River's
fish runs. (SEE BOX)
It's nice to know that somebody's looking ahead. Of course, " look ing ahead" is a
relative term. It depends on which way
you're looking.
With regards to energy policy, Pacific
Northwesterners are in the position of
be ing passengers on a train, In the past,
they haven't paid too much attention to
who was at the helm or the switching
stations. They've been content to gaze
out the windows, oblivious even to how
the train "goes."
That condition changed substantial ly
when the Washington Public Power
Supply System's (WPPSS) financial fiasco
became public knowledge four years ~·go .
(SEE BOX)
That fiasco has left a political whirlpool
in its wake . During the last four years, the
regional press have brought to light the
staggering cost overruns, mismanagement
and closed door policies that have made
WPPSS a notorious acronym nationwide.
Citizens groups mobilized in response
to a future of indebtedness, and orga ni zed
a Washington State voter initiative last
year (1-394) with intent to place financial
control over large energy projects in the
hands of the voters, (SEE BOX)
Business interests sought to counter the
proponent's campaign with a $20 million
anti-394 campaign , but the voters approved the initiative last November.
Three national banks which handle
WPPSS investments, and the federal
government, filed suit against the Initiative, and this fall it was ruled unconstitutional on the grounds that it affects interstate contracts. The ruling will take effect
April 13 of next year unless it is overturned by an appeal that has been filed
by t he initiative's sponsors, the. Don't
Bankrupt Washington Committee (DBW) .
Meanwhi le, back at the ranch, the
regional council has been implementing
the Northwest Power Act. You might ask

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yourself why the federal government
would be so interested in the Pacific
Northwest's energy future. The answer,
quite simply, is that the federal government has been controlling most of the
region's power planning (and supply)
since it financed construction of the
Columbia River dam system in the thirties .
(SEE BOX)

Under the provis ions of the Act, the
Northwest Power Planning Council (consisting of two representatives from Washington, Oregon , Montana and Idaho) is
directed to give priority to cost-effective
energy conserva!ion and renewable
resources, like solar and wind power, in
meeting the region 's energy needs .
The key word here is "cost-effective."
Under the Act's guidelines, conservation
and ren ewables get a sli ght advantage
when weighed against conventional
resources li ke coal and nuclear, with
regards to cost-effectiveness . However, if
the former are seen to be more expensive
(even with a .cost advantage), the conventional energy path will be open to the
council.
While regional consumer groups "slug it
out" with regional indu stry concerns over
WPPSS' next bond sales, the all-encompassing regional plan is being hammered
out with not nearly as much fanfare
The fate of WPPSS' beleaguered nuclear
project is indeed a news-eclipsing issue,
the region's (and perhaps the nation's)
financial stabi lity sw ings in the balance ,
But, once completed, the regional power
plan will clearly spell out whether or not
the cost of the plants is justified.
Regional consumer and citizens' groups,
aware of the importance of the plan,
formed the Northwest Conservation Act
Coalition . That coalition has submitted a
400-page model plan to the power council.
That plan recommends that BPA fully
fi nance conservation measures for all
customers . It call s for the adoption of
Northwest Power Act
stri ct insulation standards for new bui IdRecognizing the common needs of Washington. ings, and strict efficiency standards for
Oregon, Idaho and Montana, Congress passed
new appliances. The coalition recomthe Pacific Northwest Regional Power Act In
mends that the counci ls' plan require a
1980. The Act set up and eight member Northwest Power Planning Council, with two repr&restructuring of rate schedules for all
sentatlves appointed by each slate's governor.
commercial, industrial and residential
Working wllh ulllities and Ihe public, the councustomers, as well as BPA wholesale rates.
cil will forecast how much power the reglo,n will
need between now and the year 2000. The council The model plan suggests several measures
must also decide how to protect and Improve the
that would advance the enhancement and
Columbia River's valuable fish runs, while
protection of Columbia River fish runs
determining how Ihose actions will limit the
power avallable.from existing dams.
It concludes with the assertion that the
Next, the council will look for the cheapest
region can satisfy its long-range energy
sources of new power- beginning with energy
efficient measures like conservallon; then looking requirements without depending on
at renewable resources. Industrial waste heat
nuclear plants other than WPPSS 2.
recovery and other types of cogenerat Ion take
Groups that have contributed to and/or
third prlorlly. Finally, If stili needed, conventional
coal or nuclear power plants can be considered.
endorsed the model plan include:
In April of next year, the council will adopl the
POWER, Citizens for a Solar Washington ,
first version 01 the plan. II will be updated
the Sierra Club, Natural Resources
regularly.
Wllhln the plan's framework, BPA will decide
Defense Council, United Food and Comwhal major projects to sponsor. II a prolect Isn't
mercial Workers, Service Employees Interwllhln Ihe plan, BPA musl have an okay Irom
either the council, or Congress, Therefore, II Is
national Union, and two Longshoremen's
possible for BPA to .overrlde Ihe council's plan If
Union locals.
1\ has congressional approval.
Regional ralepayers pay lor the council through
a surcharge on BPA's rates. II COBts the average
On the other side of the political fence,
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UI_SBYerl
___Cen_I_B_a_m_o_n_th_,_ _ _-', WPPSS and its industrial and financial

supporters are also aware of the regional
pl,ln 's signifi ca nce .
1\ confidential mt'mo that was leakl'd to
1111 ' DBW committee 011 Friday, Sept(, lll ~
ht'r 2~, clea rl y illu strates the attitude"
dspirat ion s and fears of thesf' powprful
Interests I t ha s al so genf'rated con trow rsv over the sub jPLt o f t hp Pmwr
Council 's oblectivit y
The memo was written hy a S.. att l ..
attornf'Y , I:rir Rf'dmiln, who repn',enh
1" IIldustrial firms that buy E'lp{ Iri c itv
dirf'ct ly frOIll the Bonn evi lh ' Powl'r
Aelmini<;tration (BPA) BPA IS a fedl'ral
agency that wi ll have a large part in implenwnting thi>regiondl plan (SH HOX)
It abo own s most of WPPSS pldnl <; 1, 2
and J.
The documf'nt , titlf'd " Confiri .. ntial
and Privileged LawYf'r-Ciit'nl Communi rd tion ," was compil f'd by Reclindn from
noles he look in a " WPPSS Strat t'gy
Flrf'akfilst " held at the S~'attlp Chamber of
Commerce in July It is a simplified
record o f what people said ilt IhE' WPPSS
meeting . Most 01 the disrusslon (ent ered
around the subject of 1- ~94, and how to
avoid tilt' election that that initi ative
Illakf's nf'Cl'ssa ry for further financing of
tilt' WPPSS plants
Among those who att ended the mf'eting
were repre,ent atives from Kai ser Alumi num, Boeing, Weyerhaeuser, Puget Power,
Port of Seattl e, ITT Rayonier, Seattle I'irst
National Flank , ~oster and Marshal (a
stock brokerage f i rill). T ri-Citi E's Nuclear
Industria l Cou ncil and the Seat tl e Challlber of Com merce. They were joined by
Redman, WPPSS attorney Gordon Cu lp
and outside consultant for WPPSS. There
was also a representative from the Governor's Office, Dave Stevens .
According to the memo, dated July 23,
1982, Power Council Chairman Dan Evans
ca lled Seattle Chamber of Commerce
President Bob Graham over the summer
and asked him to" . . take the lead in
dealing with the election under 1-394 for
further finanCing of WPPSS (plant) 3."
In the memo, Graham continues :
"(Evans) called thi s an urgent challenge
for the entire business community and the
state."
Council Chairman Evans has been criticized by the DBW committee for urging
that the Chamber of Commerce hold its'
"WPPSS strategy" meeting. DBW Committee Chairman Steve Zemke was quoted by
the Seattle Post Intelligencer (Friday,
September 24) as saying: "It brings into
question the objectivity of what the
power council is doing in p lanning future
energy policy for the region ."
DBW State Coordinator Marc Sullivan
said that there's" . . some doubt about
the role Evans is personally carrying out."
Chairman Evans has said publicly that
neither he nor the council has taken a
position on whether the WPPSS plants are
needed .
In an interview with the C09per Point
lournal, Evans said : "My initial contact

w ith some people in the business community was to let them know that they
)ught to plan on an elpetion (under
I \94); (t hat) tht'y ought to rec ognize that
he pf'ople sa id that's wh ,lt the-y w anted
,mel) that if thf' courts t05' il (Jut IcI " cl ;lre
; \94 unconstitutiona l), thert' wou ld very
llkt'ly be a requ e,t of the legi sl'lture to
" 'P'''' the legisl aticlI' in (a) sllll'lar I, ,rm
Illil I <; aid the important thing IS to ilgure
(Ill I how you 're going to win .In elec if the power is Ilt'('ded trom the<;e
t ion
IWPI' SS) plants "
Ilw Power Counc il rpleasf', a drilft forE'( ,,,I of it s plan in Janu ary Two f,Jornts
k(' pl on ,urfacing throug hout the memo
III rl'lat ion to that forecast :
I That the council must show a need
for thE' WPPSS plant s rn the lorecast .
2 Tha t dn elect ion campaign should
1)(' started that focuses on " Educilting" the
publl( on the peri ls of di scontlntllng the
plilnfs
I h" follOWing quot es are scattC'rcd
Ihroughout the ninE' page document and ,
d ( ( ording to Redman , they are simplified
DE'nnis Bracy (Kaiser) : " The key IS that
WI' must have the support of Evans and
(Washington Power Council representative
Chuck) Collins. They mu st speak out in
l avor of a yes vote ."
lohn H l is (Puget Power) : " The LOunci l is
the key . Tllf'Y mu st be indu ced to take
,ome positive action on WPPSS 4 and 5
\of which f'uget Power" a part owner ).
not on WPPSS 3
Participants won't pay
WPPSS 4 and S ob ligations without some
hopf' for the two plants frolll the counciL "
Eric Redman (author of memo) : "
we
have to create an atmosphere in which
Evans and Collins speak out in favor of a
yes vote if an election is held ."
Dave Stevens (Governor's Office) : "The
draft plan will come out in january. If it
shows a need for WPPSS 3, the fact that
conti nued on page five
1-394
The Don 't Bankrupt Washington Committee
(DBW) sponsored Washington State Voter
Initiative-394 in the 1981 November elections .
The Initiative makes voler approval a prerequiSite
for large energy project linanclng In Washington .
Voters approved the initiative In spite of a campaign by WPPSS contractors, utilities and
industry Ihat outspent the proponents' campaign
by more than 15 to 1.
On December 4, 1981, Seattle First National
Bank, Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New
York and Continental Illinois Bank and Trust of
Chicago IIled suit against the Initiative. They
argued that it adversely allected interstate commercial agreemenls (bond sales) that were made
in 1975, belore the Inillative became law.
The U.S. Justice Department IIled suit against
the Initiative on April 9,1962, with a similar
argument . The Department ctalmed that the
Initiative was unconstrtulonal because It Inlerlered with congressionally approved contracts .
This lall, a lederal ludge ruled the Inillatlve
unconstitutional but stayed the ruling . Therefore,
the ruling will not take ellect until either the DBW
has a ruling on an appeal that was IIled Immediately following Ihe decision, or April 13, 1963,
whlchevar Is sooner.
This means that WPPSS, which Is currenlly
planning a bond sale lor this year, must be pr&pared to go to the voters for more money II I-~
Is upheld, a prospect the consortium does not
relish.

page 2 The Cooper Point Journal Oct . 14 , 1982
Oct . 14, 1982 The Cooper Point Joumal page 3

OpJnion

Two" Alternatives

to Selective Service
Universal Service, Not Selective

Victirm Get A Voice
by John Hill and Jordan Martin
Ben Sasway, Mark Schumucker and
Rusty Martin are the first individuals to be
convicted for failing to register for the
draft in the post-Vietnam era.
Will their actions really make any
difference?
To some people they won't, but to the
victims of wars past, present and future
the actions of Sasway, Schumucker and
Martin will make a difference. These men
are speaking for themselves, and the
people and the planet, whose voices have
been extinguished and surpressed .
Actions may put an end to future wars,
wars that government and others are preparing for with pride, an obscene pride.
"The Few, The Proud , The Marines."
Proud of what? Killing people as a way of
serving their country? I believe we all owe
someth ing to our country . I don't believe
that th is service should include going to
war or preparing for war
Sasway, Schumucker and Martin have
estranged themselves from The United
States Government by choice. The hundreds of thousands of you ng men who
have refused to register for the draft are
li ving affirmations of each individual's
ability to choose freedom from war and
from preparation for war.
By saying " no" to their govprnment
they have said " yes" to their country, the
world and life. Can people who are preparing for WJ r bp preparin g for life at
the samp time? No War is incompatible
With life. War kills. By saying " no" to war ,

they have affirmed the desirability of life,
risking their own freedoms. Yet in this
country, unwillingness to add one's name
to the list of war supplies is punishable by
imprisonment.
They were convicted in the name of
"justice." Justice is a symbol of fairness,
to protect the well being and rights of
people. If this is what justice represents,
then to whom has it been administered?
It is only fair that people be given the
right to choose whether or not they will
kill people "rationally" by means of war.
Ultimately, of course, there is a choice to
be made by each of us, but saying no to
war often leads to prosecution as a
"criminaL"
If fairness is the goal , then I feel a
volunteer army is a possible answer. If
volunteerism is not working well by government standards, it means a significant
portion of the population considers armies
(and war by association) as a low priority.
Volunteerism is a direct expression of the
public will.
The actions of Sasway, Schumucker
and Martin are not in vain. They speak for
life and for all of the victims of war who
would have chosen life, if their homes
weren' t bombed to the ground first. To
act on life is not an empty choice.
In closing, I think thi s quote from
Deuteronomy in the Old Testament is
appropriate " I have set before you life
and dpath, blessing and curse. Therefore
choose liff' that your descendants may
live." Now I, the time to choose.

by Ethan M. Kelly
Vietnam and its legacy has left us with
a tarnished view of our nation, and of
any responsibility we as individual citizens
might have to the national interest. Much
of our generation has never been challenged to serve anything other than ourselves. Because of our material wealth,
this has created a most ironic situation.
Those whose responsibility itls to perform
the uncomfortable task of defending the
nation are those who have the least to
lose, because they are at the lowest end
of America's socio-economic ladder.
Many in America's intellectual and
political realms have come to recognize
these circumstances and are now calling
for some form of compulsory national
service. In the July issue of Democracy,
an invigorating left leaning political
journal, the issue of national service
through a universal draft (as opposed to
selective service) is discussed favorably
and at length.
William E. Connolly, political theory
professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, writes: "the replacement
of the professional army, now drawn from
the underclass, by one recruited through
a universal draft might be one step in the
right direction; the universalization of
military service might help to create more
critical orientations to militarist policies
and to provide the basis for the demi litarization of welfare." ,
Connolly's argument, one with which
there is growing agreement, is that if we

all are subject to be affected by military
adventurism by our leaders, the outcry
against such policies is going to be much
greater.
There are other arguments for .a universal draft as well. The most important is
that it would be beneficial to the conscience of the ·country. Wilson Carey
McWilliams writes in Democracy that:
"the market reduces military service to a
commodity, part of the category of wage
labor. Soldiering however, is not a 'job
like any other.' It involves the willingness
to risk, and possibly to sacrifice one's life
and consequently runs counter to the
prinCiples of individualism. Military
service. is based on community and collectivity; it is, to that extent, a public or
political vocation."
Any form of national service should
have a non-military component. For many
the thought of boot camp, and having to
master the ability of killing another
human being, is not palatable. A nonmilitary component could require that
one serve in the Peace Corps, VISTA, or a
wide variety of other non-military jobs.
There are many who will strongly disagree with a draft, national service, or
whatever proponents will choose to call
it. Nevertheless the idea merits rational
discussion and debate. No longer should
kids from Detroit ghettos, or West
Virginia coal mines be expected to risk
their lives for their country, while Harvard
students (among others) reap all of the
nation's benefits, simultaneously being
immune from any sacrifices.

A Postscript to the Falklands Conflict
A POSTSCRIPT : by Jorge Luis Borges
translalf'd by rernando Altschul

Whet her naive or maliciously (I choose
the first adverb si nce military minds are
not complex). two different things have
been confused . Om', a state's legal right
ovel this or that territory; the other, that
territory'S Invasion . The first being of
lawful order; the second a physical act.
The inter'lational law has been called
upon to lus tify a proceeding which is
, Onlrary to any law. This transparent
iraud is liable for the death of an uncertam number of men who were sent to die,
or what is undc:ubtedly worse, to kill.· It
IS not surprising that the subject is always
th.. territory and not its inhabitants; as if
the sdnd and snow were more real than
the human beings . The Islanders were
not asked : neither were twenty or
so millions oi Argentines.
I haw already pointed those things out.
I now repeat them so as not to be
branded as a " bad cOUlHryman ."
Today, after all these years , I define
myse lf as a pacifist. I enjoy the illustrious
company of Ruskin, ~andhi , Bertrand
Russe ll , Romain Rolland , Luther King,
Hammarskjold , and before any of them ,
our t\lberdl. As him , I also believe that
war IS a crime, that every war is a defeat.

_
...
=.

--,....

G oodN,,-

The generations to come will be shocked
to know that the twentieth ce ntury tolerated the making and selling of arms, that
is tools of homicide.
We are crushed by too many evi ls :
economic ruin, unemployment, demagogic anarchy, insane nationali sm , and
the almost total absence of ethics . The
last one is the worst.
I dictate these lines sadly . I cannot
offer a so lution . Were I offered the
governance I would refuse immedi ately.
September 23, 1982

UNA POSDAT A. por Jorge LUIS Borges
republicado bajo aotorizacion de EI Clarrn
Ingenua 0 maliciosamente (opto por el
primer adverbio, ya que la mente militar
no es compleja) se han confundido casas
distintas Una, el derecho de un Estado
sobre tal 0 cual territorio; otra, la invasibn
de ese territorio. La primera es de orden
juridico; la segunda es un hecho f(sico. Se
ha invocado el derecho internacional
para justifi car un acto que es contrario a
todo derecho. Esa transparente falacia,
que no lIega a ser un sofisma, tiene la

culpa de la muerte de un indefinido
numero de hombres, que fueron enviados
a morir 0, 10 que sin duda es peor, a
matar. No es menos raro el hecho de que
se hable siempre del territorio y no de los
habitantes, como si la nieve y la arena
fueran maS reales que los seres humanos . .
Los isle~os no fueron interrogados; no 10
fueron tampoco veintitantos millones de
argentinos.
He senalado ya esas cosas. Ahora las
repito para no ser tildado de mal patriota
AI cabo de los alios, al cabo de 105
demasiados a"os, me defino hoy como un
pacifista. lIustremente me acompanan
Ruskin, Gandhi, Bertrand Russell, Romain
Rolland, Luther King, Hammarskjold y,
anterior a todos los otros, nuestro Alberdi.
Pienso, como ~I, que la guerra es un
crimen, que toda guerra es una derrota.
Las generaciones del porvenir sentir~n
asombro al saber que el siglo veinte
toleraba la fabricacitn y la venta de
armas, es decir, de herramientas del
homicidio.
Son m~ltiples los males que nos
abruman: la ruina econ~mica, la
desocLlfaci&'n, el hambre, la demagbgica
anarqUla, la violencia, el insensato
nacionalismo y la casi general ausencia
de ~tica EI mls grave es el 6ltimo.
Dicta estas Irneas con tristeza. No
puedo proponer una solucicfn. Si me
ofrecieran la suma del poder p~blico la
rechazarra enseguida.
23 de septembre de 1982

Food Bank Feeds The Hungry.--b y Steve Kistler

Hungry? With a little patien ce you can
alqui re a three-day supply of groceries for
free The Thurston County Food Bank,
whi ch operates out of the First Christian
Church at 7th and Franklin, has been
giving away food to the needy since the
early seventies.
Origi nally a federally funded project
called Neighbors in Need, the bank is
now completely dependent on community
support. Director Jan Putnam is the only
paid employee, so most of the work is
page 4 The Cooper Point Journal Oct 14, 1982

done by volunteers . The Board of Directors is composed of representatives from
area churches and organizations .
In stock you will find just about every
variety of food you would find in a
grocery store. Safeway is a steady contributor, and federal commodities (cheese,
butter, and milk) are received once a
month, but most of the food comes from
private contri butors, in the form of food
or cash . At South Sound Center, volunteers are se lling two liter bottles of Pepsi
for 99i each, and l1i from every bottle
goes to the food bank.

For those wishing to contribute to the
service, anything except home-can ned
food is acceptable. Cash is preferred to
canned food, because the bank pays no
state tax.

Those wishing to receive edible
assistance should report to the church
between 1 p.m. and 3 p.m. any Monday,
Wednesday, or Friday. Clients can receive
a three-day supply of food as often as
four times a year. To receive food more
frequently you must have a referral from
another organization verifying that the
bank is the only viable solution to your
needs, The bank keeps a card file of

clients, and requests that you bring an 1.0.
In 1981 this operation served 8,786
clients . Through September of this year it
has served 22,411. Everything they dis·
tribute must be totalled for their nonprofit tax exemption.
So if purchasing prepared food is
putting the burn on your budget, or if
you're completely broke and need some
proviSions to tide you over, there is no
good reason to starve. And, if you have
the time to spare, you .might inquire if
they need volunteers or supplies to help
keep this valuable community service
running.

Long Range Energy Planning: Who's Looking Aheadl
continued from page three
the final plan is not out until April may
not be crucial." Many similar statements
can be found in the document.
In one section, Redman points out that
the council "won't and can't" get directly
involved in a pre-election educational ,
effort with WPPSS' interests at heart. He
quotes himself as saying: "If they would
or could, they wouldn't have called
(Graham) in the first place." He continues : " Evans must be saying that if the
business community can make the climate
politically safe for the council then the
council members can speak out in favor
of a yes vote (supporting more financing
for WPPSS), but otherwise they can't."
These are influential men, talking confidently about the outcome of this region's
energy planning process. These men are
"looking ahead." They're even looking
ahead beyond the council's role in energy
planning, as is highlighted by this exchange between WPPSS attorney Gordon
Culp and Eric Redman:
Culp: "It is a mistake to focus on the
councilor the plan. The plan will show a
range of resource needs and . .. it will not
demonstrate a clear need for WPPSS 3,
much less WPPSS 1. The plan will prove
nothing. It will be a backdrop against
which we must prove something. The
campaign must emphasize the point: 'Do
you want to throwaway money you've
already spent I'"
Redman: "And pay a lot more for anything you want to buy in the future."
Culp: " If its a referendum on WPPSS,
we lose. It has to be, 'Do you want to
shoot yourself in the belly after you've
already shot yourself in the foot?'"
In his interview with the CPJ, Evans
addressed the dilemna posed to the region
by the expensive and unfinished WPPSS
plants:

"Somebocly might say well .. . how
could $4 billion plant be cost-effective?
But, you've got. an imbedded cost already
in there, and if you walk away from it
someone's got to pay that bill ."
He went on to say : "The cost of the
power (from) that plant, at this point, is
the cost to completion ... People have to
pay for the total cost, but when you
measure cost-effectiveness at this point,

what alternatives could you get for that
power through conservation or through
another kind of plant? You've got to
measure that against the investment yet
to be put into the plant," as opposed to
the total cost of the plant.
With regards to 1-394, Evans said the
initiative requires that an independent
analysis be made of regional power needs,
and the cost effectiveness of the proposed

This relationship served to spread the costs' of
the plants regionwlde because BPA was the
regional distributor. The plants would help pay
The Bonneville Power Aminlstratlon (BPA) is a
for themselves once Jhey were operating and
federal agency that was chartered In 1937 to deal
generating revenue.
with the allocation and marketing of hydroelectric
In t973, the net billing arrangemenl was forepower generated by the Columbia River dam
closed by a change in federal tax laws. So, in
system. The dams were built during the New Deal
1974, when WPPSS Joined 88 public and private
work program era, hence the need for a federal
utilities In Washington and Oregon to sponsor
distributor.
the construction of plant 4 at Hanford and plant 5
Under the rules of the charter, SPA had to give
at Satsop, It did so without the security of Its
first call on federal hydropower to public power
prior arrangement with BPA. The cost of the two
agencies-municipalities, PUO's and rural electric
plants would be entirely the responsibility of
cooperatives. The preferential treatment accorded
those participating utilities.
to public power districts led to the formation of a
WPPSS' initial cost estimate for the five plants
large number of these districts in' the regional
was $4.1 billion. By 1976, that figure had grown
Northwest.
to $7 billion. Current estimates vary between $23
Ouring the period between 1937 and 1957,
and $25 billion.
regional indu strial expansion and increasing agriIn March, 1980, the Washington Senate Energy
cultural development precipitated, on the average,
Committee began an investigation into the causes
a doubling of power demand every ten years. It
of the years of delays, billions of dollars in cost
seemed obvious to BPA that this rate of growth
overrruns and questions of safety. The committee
could only increase, but large scale hydropower '
blamed more than half of the cost overruns and
development was nearing capacity. There apdelays on mismanagement and demanded an
peared to be onty one sotution-more generation
immediate investigation into the region's needs
facilities.
for WPPSS 4 and 5.
In 1957, seventeen public utility districts
In May of 1981 , one of the WPPSS' major bond
formed the Washington Public Power Suppty
agencies issued a report stating: "We believe the
System (WPPSS) In response to BPA forecasts of
creditworthiness of the underlying utilities warfuture power shortages. Several small projects
rants examination and reason for concern."
were undertaken in those early years and all were
By June of that year, major construction on
finished on time and within their budgets.
plants 4 and 5 was halted . It appeared that
In 1969, WPPSS joined BPA's Hydro Thermal
customers of the sponsoring utilities were going
Power Program. Th:s program proposed to triple
to be hit with extensive rate increases for power
the region's power supply within 20 years. It
that would never be generated.
called for the construction of :!O nuclear plants,
Now, WPPSS 1, 2 and 3 are facing serious
40 new hydroelectriC plants and a large coal-fired
financial difficulties. Their survival could depend
plant by 1990. BPA estimated the total cost of
on Washington state voters (1-394) . But, recent
the program wou ld amount to $17 billion.
developments could make the state initiative
WPPSS was to build three nuctear plants:
redundant in this case.
WPPSS 1 and 2 on the Hanford Nuclear ReservaEleven Oregon utilities have received a court
tion and WPPSS 3 at Satsop. The consortium
ruling that frees them from any debts they owe
undertook the construction 01 these projects
on Ihe terminated WPPSS 4 and 5. If enough of
under BPA's net billing arrangement. Through
the 88 sponsoring utilities can get sim>iar
this arrangement BPA guaranteed payments for
rulings, it could drive WPPSS over the financial
bonds issued to cover construction costs of
brink of disaster and put the whole project in
WPPSS1 and2and70per~c=e~nt~0~f~W~P~PS=S~3~.______d_O_U_b_I.______________________________~
BPA and WPPSS

energy project before an election can be
held.
There is reference made to such a study
in the memo. Dennis Bracy of Kaiser is
quoted as saying: " There is already a
problem with the cost~ffectlveness study.
It's been delayed and is being re-written .
If it comes out wrong, that cou ld kill us
in any campaign. So could a " right" study
that lacks credibil ity."
The memo closes with a discussion on
possible campaign strategies that would
lead voters to approve further WPPSS
financing. Culp suggests on page eight
that the Chamber" .. . can educate
editorial boards and companies around
the state on two issues: The dollar impact
and the power need. "
Seattle Chamber of Commerce Chairman Bob Graham then adds that, " Other
chambers can carry the message to local
business, local business must carry (it) to
local papers and to employees."
It seems safe to say that you 're gOing to
hear a lot about how much of your money
is at stake if WPPSS isn't made a part of
the plan
Powerful interests are at work in tht:
regiona l energy planning process. I t's nice
to know that somebody's looking ah ead
The question is, which way are they
looking?

Up, Up and Away with NW Electric Rates
by Richard Hadley ERC Coordinator
The enormous cost of construction of
large electric generation facilities has
driven the Pacific Northwest's electric
bills up. Conservation, a result of increased electric rates, has decreased
energy usage, eliminating the need for

Proud winners of the "guess the squash weight"
contest donated this squash to the Thurston
County Food Bank. Larry Savage, the grower of
'the squash and organizer of the contest, also
donated the proceeds of the contest to the Food
Bank.

WPPSS nuclear power plants 4 & 5,
Pebble Springs nuclear power plant, and
the coal-fired generation station at Colstrip.
The investments lost to Northwest
public and private utilities by the termination of these plants will be payed for by
still hlgher electric rates for Northwest
energy consumers. Coupled with cold
winter temperatures, the cost of terminating these large construction projects,
will produce this winter the highest
electric bills yet seen in the Northwest.
The Evergreen State College can expect
its electric bills to increase by as much
as 70% over last winter's. Though Puget
Sound Power and Light Co., which services
Evergreen, is not directly involved in the
Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA)
finanCing of the disastrous WPPSS project,
Puget does hold a power exchange agreement with BPA and has invested in the
terminated Colstrip and Pebble Springs
plants.
The lost investment in these plants and
the now unprofitable power exchange
_agreement with BPA has lead Puget to
increase rates. The Washington State
Utility and Transportation Commission
(UTC), regulators of the state's utilities,
granted Puget's request for a 20% increase
during this past spring. Puget's customers
have yet to feel the full effect of the
spring in crease because summer rates are

His book I YOU'RE AFRAID OF
THE DARK REMEMBER THE
NIGHT RAINBOW is a favorite of
many people, young and old alike.
He 'is the author of WITH SECRET
FRIENDS: CARETAKERS OF
WONDER, THE ST ARCLEANERS
REUNION AND EMILY,
Greentiger Press has produced a
COOPER EDENS CALENDARCOOPER EDENS, author of several 1983. Copies of all of his books
popular books will be at the firewill be available or bring your own
side Bookstore in Olympia to visit book in for Cooper to sign . Come
with readers and sign books
by for a cup of cider and meet
Saturday, October 16 from 1-5 p.m. Cooper Edens.

lower than winter's. Shortly after the
spring increase, Puget presented the UTC
with a second increase request of 30%.
The UTes decision on this second request
is expected this month, following publi c
hearings . Should the UTC approve the
increase, a near certainty, Puget's rates
will have increased by over 50% in the
last year.
In addition to this possible 50% increase, Puget asked for the granting of an
immediate 20% rate increase at the UTe's
September 29 meeting. If added to the
likely 50% increase, Puget's customers
will face a 70% hike over last winter's
rate.
Squeezed between Puget's increases
and state budget cuts, it's apparent that
Evergreen must insure that all its' facilities
are energy~fficient. The TESC modular
housing units will be especially hard hit,
because of their poor construction and
electric space heating. Electric space

heating, once the cheapest option in the
Northwest, may rise this winter to above·
the cost of gas and oil heating. (Housi ng's
solution to the Mod's high electric bills
will be the focus of a follow-up article )
Fortunately, most Evergreen facilities,
though designed energy-inefficient, are
heated by steam rather than electricity .
Even so, TESC must not grow complacent
about energy conservation . The Northwest's nuclear power industry and its
associated economic burden was borne of
a sky-rocketing energy demand created by
mindless energy consumption . It has been
conservation, not protest, which has
decreased the nation's energy consumption and placed the nuclear industry on
its death bed. We've taken the long and
costly road to the realization that conservation is our most economical energy
source avai lable. This winter's electric
bills will serve the task of driving this fact
home to Northwest
consumers.

Dinners Tues.-Sat.
Cocktails
Sunday Champagne BN
Closed Monday

Please call for reservations

SEVEN GABLES RESTAURANT
1205 W. Bay Dr.

352-2349

Oct. 1., 1982 The Cooper Point Joumal pege 5

& Events

liThe Wall" Builds Powerful Imagery
by Eric Br!nker
In 1979 Pink Floyd released their double
LP " Th e Wall ," and Ameri can record '.
buyers sent it promptly to number one on
the charts where it rooted itself for most
of the year. The album told the grim story
of a rock star who, from birth, had built a
wall ilround hi s feelings. With every stage
of hi s growth came another bri ck for the
wa ll until fin all y. as an adult, he is tota ll y
ali enated from the life around him .
Trrt pped behind the wall, he must go back
and examin e it brick by brick, a process
by whi ch he is able to bring the wa ll
down . As an album it was musically
repet iti ve and lyri ca ll y depress ing.
Now we have Pink Floyd's " The Wall"
In th e form of a movie . Yet where the
album fail s t he movie succeeds . Director
Alan Parker (Midnight Express) has given
life to the rock star's nightmarish battle
(1gainst the wall and the movie is a vi sual
tour de force . Earl y in the film we are
II1troduced to Pi nk, the lean, over-thepdge rock star who is locked up in hi s Los
Angeles hotel room and reflecting back
0 1' hi s li fe . Rather than dialogue, Parker
,las chosen to rely on the soundtrack and
start li ng visua l Imagery to tell the story.
For the must part it works, though I am
, ure there are a lot of people who find
thi s movi e too intense to sit through . " The

When you look back at Pink's life, it is
(lnly logical that he aspires to ultimate
power, as he has been a victim of power
all his life. The different power figures
can be seen through the characters of his
mother, his schoolteacher, and his wife.
As a rock star, he has nurtured his thirst

KAOS Community RadiO presents the KAOS
Trtvla Contest, Friday October 15 from 9 : 30 p .m .
to 11 :30 p.m. This is the start of this monthly
contest that will climax in May with a Trivia Bowl.
OJ's will have a log book for keeping track of the
scoring and' recording the names of the winning
teams. For more Information contact Mike Huntsberger, general manager, 866-5267.

United States Sanate candidates and 7th Congressional District candidates will speak at a
public forum to be held on Thursday, October 21 ,
at Seattle University's Pigott Auditorium at 7 p.m .
CongreSSional candidates will take the IIoor first
with senate candidates to lollow ,at 8 p.m. Each
candidate will address the audience and respond
to questions.

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Nine administrators will seek to prove thet The
Evergl'l8ll State College Is barrier frea and to
demonstrate the schools concern for adequate
campus access to the handicapped Tuesday,
October 19. Highlighting the day-long effort will
be a two-hour program, from 11:30 a.m . to
1:30 p .m. In the College Activities Building. The
program will feature wheelchair obstacle races,
continuous video shows on Issues affecting the
disabled and a photographic exhibit of new modifications to Improve Evergreen's access . The
"Berrier-Breaking Day" Is cosponsored by the
Governor's Committee on the Employment of the
Handicapped. Admission to the afternoon exhibits
and races is free .

Lisa Narnzo, a singer songwriter from L.A., will
:>e performing two shows nightly at Michael J's in
Pioneer Square, Seattte, October 13-16.

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his audience. The important thing for me
is that Pink's hallucination s of power
make up one of the bri cks in .the wall he
has built around himself . It is not anything
th at helps him break through it

invol ved in trying to figure out what
exac tly these bri cks are. Through the

Wall " is ce rtain to make you feel uncomfortable and it is calculated to do so. The
underlying in tention of the film is to get
the viewe r to examine the wall in their
own li fe, an idea that is uncomfortable in
itself.

medium of film these bricks are actualized, leaving little room for guesswork.
Pink relives hi s father's death in the war,
the smothering over-protectiveness and
conformity of the English school system,
a marriage gone sour, the excessiveness of
hi s lifesty le, and finally his visions of
ultimate and total power. Thi s last aspect
inspires some of the more terrifying

On e point where the movie succeeds
and the album fails is in showing us the
bri cks that comprise the wa ll Pink has
built around himself. On the album, with
a few exception s, there's a lot of'guessing

scenes in the film.

Bob Geldorf, of Boomtown Rats fame,
portrays the wild and unpredictable Pink
and he does a remarkably good job, as
does his childhood counterpart Kevin
McEon . An effecti ve addition to the fine
photography is the ghoulish but graceful
animation of Gerald Scarfe. This is the
best animation I've seen in quite awhile.
Bob Geldorf has said that he was worried
that parts of the film could make fascism
look like a swell idea, and I would have
to agree that some of the scenes lend
themselves to misinterpretation.

Jazz linger Jan Stentz will be playing at the
Capltoi Bar & Grill October 14, 15, and 16,1075
S. Capitol Way Olympia, 6 p.m . to 12 Thursdays
and 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Friday and Saturday nights.
No cover charge .
The Artists Co-op Gallery, at 524 S. Washington in Olympia will be featuring as their Irtlats 01
the _k, all painters Tom Sholly and Catherine
McSweeney . Gallery hours are 10 a.m. to 5 p.m .
Monday through Saturday. The show will run
through October 16.

Still, " The Waif" is a good film; abrasive, repulsi ve, and nerve-wracking, yet
artfully compelling and impressive. The
Wall is now playing at the Lacey Cinema.

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Ask General Manager M ike Huntsberger
holY thi ngs are goi ng for KAOS and he'll
smi le and tell you things finally look good
lor t he un-campus radio station . Consistent management and gu idance, combined
wit h admini strative concern , are helping
to turn the ,tation around . That's imPOrtdnt as KAOS launches its first fundraisi ng marat hon of the year th is Friday
A pa,t complaint of KAOS marathon s is
th at It I, the only time they have consistentl, good programmi ng. Not so this
year says Huntsberger, whu pl ans on
having marat hon-quality programming all

Nmo- DATTONA- DIPlOMAT -1AM-

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year round . KAOS is looking forward to
~
doing more live produ ctions and obtaining more programming from outside the
{
station; interviews , radi o comedy, radio
~ by DUane Heier
Homecoming indeed. After this one our
theatre, live music and special programs .
They also have plans for more events like :'* shell shocked shellfish are lucky If t hey
the upcoming Halloween dance. An
ii' know where home is. De~pite a creditable
:~: performan ce by the men's soccer team on
American Traditional Music Festival is
slated for Febru ary and a Trivia Bowl in
Saturday, and the women's forfeit win
May There are plan s for live broadcasts
over Oregon State the same day, the
from the recordin g studio as we ll. KAOS
overall effect was less than sensational.
is also seeking informational programming: : The men's game featured a hard nosed
com ing out of the community and the
~ contest with Whitworth . The clean-cut
, tation is reaching out to more organi za- ::1 young men from Spokane seemed over C
tlon s in an effort to create more com~ whelmed in the first half by the swarming
munity involvement .
~ style and aggressive play of the Geoducks .
How are they able to do all thi si Hunts- ~ Most of the opening period was played in
berger says its beca use thi s is the first
Whitworth's end of the field . All through
vear the radio station hasn't changed the
the half the 'ducks kept up the pressure,
management When you start with a new ,~~ making several shots on goal, at least twe
staff every year it's hard to be co nsi stent. [of which deflected off enemy goal posts.
In add ition to stable management, lhe
Regrettably they were only able to can
personnel at the station are gett ing better ;; one shot, that a nifty header by Fernando
[ Altschul off a corner kick from Andy
tra in ing. another key element in turning
the station around . Huntsberger says:
, Stewart. The lost scoring opportunities
"Th e trai ning program is more complete
~ had a big effect on the outcome.
and more thorough than its ever been ."
~i In the second half the teams played
This is bound to help them reach the
abouteven. Th ough the Greeners
$3500 goal in the upcoming marathon . All ~. occaSIonall y broke the WhItworth
of this is helping Mike Huntsberger reach ~ defense, each time they were turned back
hi s goal of a self-supportin g radio station r,~ from the goal mouth . Geoduck goalie Ray
by 1990.
}.l Fowler made one exceptional diving save
KAOS FM is a growing force in the
W with about five minutes left and it looked
community and their independent music ~ like the home team would hold on for
policy is helping to shape the music scene
their second win of the season. However,
in the Northwest. A lot of people working " In the clOSing minute of the game a Whltfor publications such as OP and the
~ worth player broke to the outside and
Rocket. publications that advocate the
~ dribbled to the end line. From there he
trend to independent music, got their
;. ki cked a sli cing shot that twisted. past
start at KAOS. As Huntsberger says: "If
~~ goalie Fowler. The game ended tied 1-1.
non-commercial radio ca n do anything, it
Neither clam squad fared so well on
can show the public that t here's more to
., Sunday .
life than what you read about in People
~
The men's game Sunday featured
magazine." Amen.
yeoman duty by Geoduck goalie Fowler,
who was barraged with so many shots it's
a wonder the score didn't soar way past
the 8-1 route posted by Western Washington . The Western team looked to be a
squad of mostly ex-high school jocks who .

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minute by John Purteman . .
If the Western men were big, the UW
women were good . The TESC women
played hard and tough but were Just no
match for the talented and well practIced
Husky squad. UW 8-TESC O.

by Cam ey Combs

8 a.m. - 9 p .m . weekdays

RAUDENBl5H
SUPPLY.
s. Cherry

8a.m..

page 8 The

. .

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open ellery day

CooPer Point Journal Oct. 14, 1982

WESTSIDE CENTER

The Artists Co-op Gallery, at 524 S. Washing ton, in downtown Olympia, will be featuring as
their artists 01 the weak, wetarcolorllts John
Cash and Claudia Marsh. Showing runs from
Friday Oct. 16 to Saturday Oct. 23. Hours of the
Gallery are 10 a.m . to 5 p.m., Monday through
Saturday .

A damonltratlon opposing U.S. military Intervention In EI SIIlvador will take place In Seallle
on Saturday October 18. Olympia residents who
wish to attend should gather at 10 a.m. on Saturday at the Capitol Lake parking lot on Water
Street. Carpools to Saattle will be arranged . For
more Inlormation call Tom Nogler at 352-3614.

Recreation Aida (lor youths)-Vancouver, WA12-15 hrs/wk. Student should have knowledge
and familiarity with game of basketball and abitlty
to referee a game. Background In sports league
lormation helpful. Paid work-study position .
Programmer Intern (state agency)-Olympia,
20 hrsl wk. Student must have at least one class
in computer programm ing and should have experIence with interactive computer system . Also
should have Interpersonal skills to deal amiably
with users. Volunteer internship, travel paid .

food Issues)-0Iympia-19 hrs/wk. Prefer student with background in community service and
organizing . Background in MPI, nutrition or agrlculture helpful. Advanced communication skills
necessary. Paid internship .
Photographer's Assiltant-Seattle-15-3O hrsl
wk. Applicants must speak & write well, be
personally presentable, cheerful, well organized,
and have a lively curiosity about images, photographic processes, and the advertiSing photography business. Volunteer internship, expenses
paid.
Research Intern (political and business)-Ulympia- hrs negotiable over 201 wk. Preler student
with background In research , business administration and/or economics. Volunteer internship,
some expenses paid.
Food Resource Consortium Ualson-Olympia19 hrs/wk. Prefer student with background in
Management In the Public Interest, community
service. Must have advanced writing skills. Paid
internship Fall Qtr only.

by Da vid Gaff
Last Friday, Saturday, and Sunday saw
Thurston County's answer to Woodstock at
the First Annual Trails End Round-Up.

OL.YMPIA, WASHINGTON

843·870t
' •• 3.8700

The Co-respondents, a popular Olympia readers
theater duo comprised of Pat Larson and Sandy
Nisbet perform the premiere 01 "Curtain Call,
Grandmother" Sunday October 17 in a Iree show
at 3 p.m. in the Experimental Theater of the
Communications Building at The Evergreen State
College .
Paul Canack and Nick Lowe at the Eagles
Hippodrome in Seattle, October 22 at 8 p.m .
"Putney Swope," a 1969 film directed by Robert
Downey, will be shown at Capitol City Studios on
October 22 at 7 and 9:15 p.m. The film will be
shown as a benellt lor Friends 01 the Galleries at
The Evergreen State College. Tickets are $4
general, or $3 lor members 01 the Olympia Film
Society or Friends of the Galleries .
"How I Woo the War," a 1967 British film starring the late John Lennon, will also be showing
at Capitot City Studios on October 23 at 7 and
9 : 15 p.m . Tlekets are $4 general, or $3 lor members of the Olympia Film Society or of the
Friends of the Galleries.

Oallery Bu.f ....s Mlnager Intern (for college
gallery)- TESC-19 hrs/wk. Preler student with
prior study and experience in business management. Must have excellent writing skills. Background In graphic deSign and the arts desirabie.
High priority lor student interested in pursuing a
career in arts management . S4.10/hr for workstudy qualilied student.
Assistant Managing Editor (for monthly cultural
and educationai activities newspaper)-Olympia20 or more hrs/wk. Student must have energy,
enthUSiasm, sense 01 humor, and ability to assist
in compiling information, writing, putting together the paper. Artistic ability heipful. Volunteer
internship.
Pre-sentence Intam, Field Probation and Parole
Intern, and Intenslva Probation and Parole
Intern-King County, WA-hrs negotiable over
10/wk. Must be upper division student willing to
make two quarter commitment. Writing skills are
important and Intern must have valid Washington
driver's license . Volunteer internships.

I

I

Bob Carlin was next on stage. He told

waiting for . Seldom Scene's vocals were

excellent, at times surpassing their ski lls
as musicians. This in itself was worth
seeing. Seldom Scene was a great band
for everyone even those who don't re
Many Northwest bluegrass and country
'
gumusicians appeared, as well as a few
larly listen to bluegrass .
musicians from other parts of the country. and polite, but not very appreciative.
The First Annual Trails End Round-Up
Besides the four concerts, the Trails End
Carlin did manage, much to my surprise,
seemed to be successfu l in content, but
the audience Into taking part in a
small in attendance. The event was not as
Round -Up feat ured an arts an d crafts fa "· -, - -to. ' coax
I
h'
.
slnga
ong.
T
IS
was
a
fine
accomplishwell
publicized as one might think,
.
d
k
h
bl
square d anclng, ance wor sops, a ue'"
. .
grass band contest and the Northwest flatme~t In Itselt In my OpiniOnS, especially
especially for the first running of thi s
picking contest. The Round-Up began
as e IS a so OIS~:.
three-<iay festival. Most of the audience
Friday, October 8, at 5 p.m., and ended
Seldom Scene, froem Aldrlingthon"okvi rginia,
seemed like they would have known
about it without much publicity, but for
Sunday evening.
were next on stage. a Rus 's J es
Saturdays concert at 1:30 p.m. with
began the show terribly, Carlin improved
those people who don't ordinarily listen
Gold Rush, Bob Carlin, and Seldom Scene
on those Jokes to some degree, but they
to bluegrass, finding information about
was both pleasant and painful, often at
actuall~ became funny through a real
Trails End ~as extremely limited. If this
the same time. Gold Rush appeared to be
enterta~ner, John Duffey. Seldom Scene was one problem is solved, the Trails End
fine musicians, but they insisted on telling the mal~ attraction of the afternoon, and
Annual Round-Up should be successful
the worst stories and jokes that I've ever
was obVIously the act that everybody was . for a long time to come.

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; :...,;:,.:; :). .on improving their musical ability than on
I
~
' ~~elr numerous Jokes and stories, none of
~ .,
which were amusing. They obviously
' " ~; ( .: .;: thought that they should be more than
'I ~ ~ • ., ':,muslclans, namely all around entertainers.
(' •.-.. . -. Somebody should tell them to concen"1:';
.~. trate on what they know best, music. '
,:.. Hugh McClellan, guitarist and vocalist
.. ;:: : .
;.:,~ ,
:. almost salvaged Gold Rush's act with his
'.
'::fine deep voice, but the jokes were just
\"-J.,..
.
'~
i too overpowering .

.
,: '.. ;:,

better stories, but had problems generating the musical power of Gokr-Rush's
five members. However, he understood
this problem and trl' ed to deal wl'th I't as
best he could. The crowd was subdued

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WESTSIDE S"O~~I"G CENT Ell

Community Radio KAOS FM presents The
AdventuntS 01 Shertock Holmes, for six nights
starting October 17, from 9:30 tol0 p.m. Six '
episodes 01 a 1945 BBC radio production starring
Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce. Episodes air as
follows:
Sunday October 17 - Murder by Moonlight
Monday October 18-The Gunpowder Plot
Tuesday October 19-5herlock Hoimes and the
Great Gondolfo
Wednesday October 20- The Adventure of the
Speckled Band
Thursday October 21 - The Valley of Fear
Friday October 22 - The Manor Case
Tune in and help support community radio
KAOS.

Seldom Scene Highlight of Trails End Round-Up

I

10 a.m . - 7 p.m. Sundays

943-3650

0pen7claylaweek

Community Radio KAOS presents Tha Frank
Wakelleld Band In Concert . On October 21 at
10 a.m. KAOS will broadcast a concert given by
Frank Wakefield at The Evergreen State College
on October 19. Wakefield's music ranges from
bluegrass and country to jazz and swing . Listen
to KAOS 89.3 FM on October 21 and hear some
mighty fine pickin'. A KAOS Marathon exclusive.

Co-Managar/CoordllUltor/Organlzer (for wilderness resource agency)- TESC - 15 hrsl wk. Preler
outdoor education student or someone with
business experience. Volunteer.

ALL WAr. TIIAtlEL 8EfWICE,IIC.

Friday and Saturday night , October 15 and 16,
Tha Ducks lrom Bellingham play excellent 60's
rock. 4th Ave Tav, 210 E. 4th Ave., Olympia. $2
cover charge and ID Is required .
Community Radio KAOS presents United States
by Laurte Anderson-October 20 at 10 p.m.
laurie Anderson, a composer-performance artist
who combines music, dance, theater, prose and
poetry in unique and critically acclaimed per·
lormance~. She has recently come into the public
spotlight with, the release 01 her album Big
Science, on the Warner Bros. label. Hosts for the
show are Robin James and Jeffery Bartone. A
KAOS Marathon exclusive.

Health Inlonnatlon Speclallst-Olympia-hrs
negotiable. Prefer student with experience and/or
interest in health care and education. Should
have a sense of the organization of physical
materials and be able to work with the public .
Volunteer internship.

TESC's sailing team pla ced 4th overall
in a regatta hosted by the University of
Washington last weekend.
The event, dubbed the Kickoff Regatta,
was against six other Northwest Schools.
The host team is nationally ranked (14th)
and the fleets from the University of
Oregon and the University of Briti sh
Columbia are also highly competitive.
Other teams attending were Lewis and
Clark College, Reed College and Western
Washington University.
The finish is Evergreen's best since the
sailing team was formed a year ago.
During the last Kickoff Regatta, the
Greeners finished 8th out of eight teams
participating.
"It showed that we have the capabilities
of winning races, but we've got to built it
to that peak and hold it throughout the
Regatta," commented Coach Lou Powers.
The A fleet is made up of Skipper Rick
Baldwin and his crew Jeff Clark; Erik
Noyd skippers the B fleet with the aid of
Tony Wielang. Alternate for the team is
Janet Welch.
The Geoduck A and B teams finished
4th and 3rd respectively for a combined
total of 68 points.
The scores are as follows (in this sport
the lowest score wins): UW finished first
with 30 points; UO, second with 42
points; and WW, seventh, with 93 points.

"The Unquiet Death of Jullul and Ethel ROHnberg," a documentary film, will be shown at
7 : 30 p.m. , October 18, in Lecture Hall One at The
Evergreen State College. It will be reshown
October 19 at noon In room 110 of Evergreen's
College Activities Building .

Acoustic guitarists Ragtime Ralph Johnston of
New Westminster B,C. and Tracy Moore of
Seattle will appear in concert Saturday, October
16,8 p.m . at the Monroe Center, 1810 NW 65th,
Seattle. Tickets are $4 at the door. For more
information call 633-5971 .

Internships:--------co-n-s-u-m-er-E-d-~-t-~-,-~-e-m-(-~-a-~-In-g-~-eg-l-oo-a-I-----------------­

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were not quite big or mean enough for
the 'NWU varsity football team. The
Greener goal was scored in the fiftieth

Community Radio KAOS presents a concert
and IntBrYlew with John Adami October 19 Irom
1 p.m. to 3: 30 p.m. Classical guitarist and graduate of Eve(green, John Adams Is currently teaching at the Bloomingdale Schooi of Fine Arts. The
interview, which wlillollow the concert, will be
conducted by KAOS production manager Blli
Eiseman. Tune in to 89.3 FM and listen to the
magic 01 the classical guitar. A KAOS Marathon
special.

A free public talk on "Computer-baaad M"edlcal
Imaging," Including a survey with emphasis on
"computerized tomography" will be offered Friday
October 15, from 3 to 5 p.m . In Lecture Hall One
at The Evergreen State College.

The Doonesbury Spacial and The 15th International Toumaa of Animation will be shown
Sunday October 17, in the Recital Hail at 7 and
9 :30 p .m. The $2 admission charge ($1 for kids),
is a benefit lor the Garfield Garden Project . The
Doonesbury Special, by Faith and John Hubley ,
shows fi rst . Made in 1977 , it is 26 mi n. long , in
color. Then comes a 110 min long program of
15 award-winning animated works Irom all over
the world. It should wove to be a night 01 well·
worth-it animation. Try to be there .

News & Notes
The Thurston County WALK AGAINST
LITTER' in support of the recycl ing Initiative-414, will take place Saturday, Oct. 16.
')tarting at the TESC Library Loop at
10 a.m ., the walk will finish with the Most
·,Jutrageous Costume Contest at Syl vester
Park , 1 p.m . For more information, contact Citizens for a Cleaner Washington ,
Doris Cellarius, 943-6875.
The 1982-83 version of the EVERGREEN
FAll ACTIVITIES CALENDAR i s now
avai lable free of charge at the I nformalion Center, or the Campus Activ ities
office located in CAB 305 .
There will be a SUPPORT GROUP FOR
WOMEN who are sunvi vors of rape and 'or
incest. If interested please ca ll Sherry or
Sandia at 866-{)151 .
S & A BOARD WILL MEET Wednesda~ ,
October 20, in Library 2219 from noon till
1 p.m . We have four student positions
open and two student alternate position's
open . Think of how spending $400,000
.vill look on your resume! I We also have
>os itions for a staff and a facu lty .
There will be a 7-week SELF-HElP
WORKSHOP IN ELIMINATING SElFDEFEATING BEHAVIOR. Workshop will
run Oct. 14 to Dec. 2, Thursdays noon to
1 p.m in Seminar 3157 . Facilitators wi ll
Ie Wen Vee Shaw and Shary Sm ith . Stulents, faculty, and staff are welcome to
Ittend . Olympia residents may participate
I room is available. Please register at the
reception desk in Seminar 2110 or cal l
866-{)200 for further information
There has been a CHANGE IN LIBRARY
HOURS. The hours have not been reduced . Open hours have been shifted
around in an attempt to provide the Ever·
green community with better service. We
will be keeping use stati stics and collect·
ing co mments on hours durin g Fall
Quarter The' Li brary hours are :
845 am-10 :45 p .m ., Mon -Thurs (a
reduction of 45 minutes )
845 a.m . ~:45 p.m . Fri (a reduction of
45 minutes)
11 a . m . ~45 p .m . Sat (an add iti on of
3 hours and 45 minutes)
11 a.m.-645 p .m. Sun (a sh;ft - last
year 1-8:45 p.rn.
The THURSTON COUNTY NUClEAR
FREEZE CAMPAIGN will be featured on
Channel 9's Nine Tonight this week . Channel 9's mini-<Jocumentary about the local
campaign will appear very early on Friday,
Oct. 15 at 12:24 a.m.
The impact of modern technology on
the law and on the J'udicial process will
be examined by WASHINGTON STATE
SUPREME COURT JUSTICE JAMES DOlLIVER in a free public talk set to begin
at 3:30 p.m . Friday, October 15, in Lecture
Hall Three at The Evergreen State College.
This is the first in a new series called
Evergreen Colloquium, that will present
free Friday afternoon programs three to
four times a quarter. For details on the
Evergreen Colloquium contact Sig Kutter
at 866-6722.

Supply
Inc
. . '" .

943'5.332
"Welcome Back, Evergreeners"

Olywrptc-I<ibt$
WNrll.~

C~ I&-GI4:us

StIuIiD

.......:J.. • .

....

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//

Oct. 14, 1 . The Cooper PoInt JourMI"..,. 7

Item sets

The Evergreen State College Student Newspapers

Media

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